The Convention includes a preamble and three texts.The main contents are as follows: the contracting parties condemn the settlement by warInternational disputesAnd abandon war as a tool for implementing national policies in their mutual relations;All disputes or conflicts between States parties, regardless of their nature and cause, can only be settled by peaceful means;If used by any signatoryMeans of warSeeking benefits means not enjoying the benefits given by the Convention.
《Non war convention》It is against the people all over the worldImperialist warIt was concluded under the pressure of longing for peace.It reflectsImperialismThe intricate contradictions between countries also reflected thecapitalismThe upsurge of pacifism in the world.In April 1927, French Foreign Minister Abriand To commemorate the participation of the United Statesthe First World War10th AnniversaryUS Secretary of StateF. B. Kellogg Initiative: The United States and France immediately concluded an agreement to abandon the war, so as to contribute to the maintenance of world peace.U.S. governmentWe welcome this, and suggest that the treaty should not be limited to the United States and France, but should include most countries, including major powers.The Convention was signed on the basis of the treaty proposal proposed by the United States and France.
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The significance of the African War Convention lies in: ① For the first time in historyuniversalityinternational covenantIn the form of, the war was officially abandoned as a tool for promoting national policy.Before that, traditional western theories and practices of international law had always advocated that it was legitimate to use war as a means to resolve international disputes and implement national policies,Sovereign stateSome resorted to warAbsolute rights。②It isthe Second World WarPost trial of German and Japanese major war criminals（Crimes against peace）The important legal basis ofAs a declarative international document, the Convention has become aInternational practice。What it reflects about limiting warbasic principle, subsequent《Charter of the United Nations》And other international documents, thus promoting the historical process of declaring the war of aggression illegal.The defects of the convention are: first, it uses the word "war" in general, but does not clearly distinguish between wars of aggression and wars of self-defence, just wars and unjust wars.Secondly, it uses the word "abandon war" instead of "prohibit the use of force" already used in some international documents at that time, which makes it possible for the aggressor to use undeclared war as a means or excuse that its armed aggression is not "war" to exonerate himself.Third, the Convention'sRestraint forceIt was weakened by the reservations of the United States, Britain, France and other countries.The reservation of the United States is to safeguard the rights of Monroe Doctrine as part of its national defense system;Britain's reservation is that the "happiness and integrity" of some regions in the world has a special and significant interest in Britain's peace and security, so protecting these regions from attack must be regarded as a self-defense measure;France reserves the right to support its allies when they are attacked.These reservations exceedRight to self-defenceThe scope ofpower politicsPerformance.The African War Convention is of great significance in international law and the history of war, but it has not actually played a role in stopping wars of aggression.
② The word "abandoned war" was used instead of some of the words at that timeInternational documentsThe "prohibition of the use of force" has been used in.This makes it possible for the aggressor to exonerate himself on the pretext that his armed aggression is not "war".Germany and JapanfascistWar criminals have done this, but have sufferedInternational Military TribunalA stern refutation of.
③ The Convention does not provide for specific measures to sanction aggression.In addition, the Convention was weakened by reservations from the United States, Britain, France and other countries.The reservation of the United States is: maintainmonroe doctrineIt is part of its defense system.Britain's reservation is that certain regions of the world have special and significant "happiness and integrity" for Britain's peace and securityInterestsTherefore, defending these areas from attack must be regarded as a self-defense measure.France reserves the right to support its allies when they are attacked.These reservations go beyond the scope of legitimate self-defence and are classified as imperialist countriesSphere of influenceThe performance of maintaining colonial rule.[1]
