597-538 BC,Jewish KingdomBe renewed twiceKingdom of BabylonkingNebuchadnezzar IIIn 587 BC, Nebuchadnezzar II entered Palestine for the second time, and carried a large number of people, craftsmen, priests and royal family members of the Jewish Kingdom to Babylon.
538 BC King of PersiaCyrus After the destruction of Babylon, the Jewish prisoners were allowed to return to their homes.This period of history had a great impact on the reform of Judaism.
In 538 BC, Cyrus, the founder of the Persian Empire, won without a fight and easily captured the ancient city of Babylon.He issued a proclamation to release Jews to return to their homeland and let themJerusalemRebuild the Temple.More than 42000 Jews returned to Jerusalem this time.Cyrus alsoNeo-Babylonian Empire King Nebuchadnezzar II plundered 5400 gold and silver vessels from the temple of the LORD in Jerusalem and put them in the temple of Babylon, and gave them to the leaders of the Jews to bring back.
Jewish StateHe was abducted by Nebuchadnezzar II for three times, the first time in 606 years ago, the second time in 597 years ago, and the third time in 586 years ago.Until Cyrus, the Persian king (also known as Cyrus), killed Belshazzar, the regent of the new Babylon dynasty, and captured New Babylon, Cyrus ordered these Jews to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple.Then the Jews returned to Jerusalem in three batches.The first group of 42360 returned home under the leadership of Zerubbabel in 538 years ago.The second group was led by Ezra to return home in 458 years ago, and the number was about 1500.The third group was led back by Nehemiah in 432 years ago.[1]
event
Announce
edit
Babylon Kingdom Site
Between Syria and Egypt, there is a long and narrow hilly area.It is bounded by the Jordan River and the Dead Sea to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the west.The original name of this place was Canaan.Later, a maritime ethnic group (tribes along the Mediterranean coast), the Philistines, captured this place and settled down here.The ancient Greeks called the place where the Philistines lived“Palestine”, which means "the country of the Philistines".So this place was renamed Palestine.
There were originally Canaanites and other tribes who spoke the Sami language in Palestine.Later, there was a nomadic tribe that spoke the Sami languageHebrew, which was later called the Jews, gradually moved into Palestine from the east, and gradually mixed together after a long conflict with Canaanites.Israeli tribes live in the north and Jewish tribes live in the south.
During the 200 years of the 12th and 11th centuries BC, the Philistines were attacked by the Greeks and crossed the sea to live in Canaan.The Hebrews fought a long and fierce war with the Philistines.In the 11th century BC, the Jewish King David unified all Jewish tribes and established Israel Jewish Kingdom.Later, they drove out the Philistines and seized Jerusalem from the Canaanites, making it the capital of the Kingdom of Israel and Judea.Since then, Jerusalem has become the holy city of Israel's Jews.When David died, his son Solomon became king.At this time, the strength of Israel Jewish Kingdom was further developed.The luxurious palace and the temple of the Lord God built on Mount Zion in Jerusalem from the time of David had been completed.Jews regard Mount Zion as a holy mountain and call on Jews scattered around the world to "concentrate around Mount Zion".This is“Zionism”(meaning“Zionism”）The source of the word.However, the contradictions within the kingdom also developed during this period.
Jewish Kingdom
Restoration of Ancient Babylon Garden
In the 10th century BC, shortly after Solomon's death, the Kingdom of Israel and Judea split.In the north is the Kingdom of Israel, with Samaria as its capital;The southern part is the Kingdom of Judea, still with Jerusalem as its capital.In 722 BC, the king of the Assyrian EmpireSargon II Captured the capital of the Kingdom of IsraelSamariaMore than 27000 people were captured and moved to Israel from other areas.The Kingdom of Israel, which had existed for about 200 years, disappeared from history.Facing the attack of the Assyrian Empire, the king of the Jewish Kingdom was very frightened.So, at the price of 24 tons of gold, the humble words and generous gifts kept the throne of the king and became vassals of the Assyrian Empire.After that, there was only one Jew left in the kingdom of Hebrews, so Hebrews were also called Jews.The Jewish kingdom continued to exist until the beginning of Roman rule.It was also plagued by disasters. Ancient Egypt, the New Babylon Kingdom, the Persian Empire, the Alexander Empire, and Western Rome all conquered it.In particular, King Nebuchadnezzar II of the New Babylon Kingdom conquered Jerusalem twice in 597 and 586 BC and destroyed the Jewish Kingdom.He ordered that all the nobles, priests, merchants and craftsmen among the Jews should be taken as prisoners and escorted to the city of Babylon in droves, leaving only some extremely poor people in Jerusalem to repair vineyards and cultivate fields.This is the "prisoner of Babylon" in Jewish history.
Israel
After the Jews were taken captive to Babylon, Jerusalem became a ruin, the walls around it were destroyed, the temple and the royal palace were set on fire, and all the gold, silver and copper vessels in the city were brought to Babylon.Several decades later, Cyrus destroyed the kingdom of New Babylon and released themJerusalemRebuild your home.
Jews have experienced hardships since they appeared on the historical stage.It is said that they had settled in Egypt for hundreds of years, suffered a lot and escaped from Egypt under the leadership of a leader named Moses.He drifted in the desert area of Sinai Peninsula for many years.Later, he fought with Canaanites and Philistines for a long time, and suffered from prisoners who had been killed by others for decades.The Jews who had been tempered by hard life prayed to God to save them from fire and water and help them recover their country.They believe in the LORD, the true God, and dominate all things in the universe.This is Judaism.Jews believe that the wicked will be punished by the LORD (God), and the savior will come.They put related myths, legends, poems, historyMosesThe "Ten Commandments" and the quotations of those "prophets" (people who tell the people and the king the words of God) were recorded and compiled into the Bible.The Bible is a classic worshipped by Jews.Later, after the rise of Christianity, it accepted this《Bible》, called the Old Testament Bible (i.e., the Old Testament).At the same time, the Protestantism of Christianity is called《books of the new covenant》(i.e. the New Testament).
Jews have an important influence on religion. Israeli Jews scattered around the world regard their belief in Judaism as the basis of their national identity.Jerusalem is the holy land of Judaism and Christianity, and later became the holy land of Islam.The believers of these three religions regard Jerusalem as their holy city according to their religious legends.
