Baltimore, USAMarylandThe largest city, an important seaport on the Atlantic coast of the United States.
Baltimore is located inChesapeake BayWest of the top, away from the US capitalWashingtonOnly 60 kilometers away, the port area is in the Patapasco RiverestuaryNearby.Passing through heregulfGoing out to seaAtlanticThere is 250 kilometers to go, but due to the proximity of the portnatural conditionIt is superior. Chesapeake Bay is wide and the channel is very deep. 10000 ton ocean going ships can directly enter Baltimore Port.This port belongs to Maryland and has always been the United StatesThe Great LakesIt is an important outlet connecting the Central Basin and the Atlantic Ocean.
Baltimore wasBaltimore County Surrounding, but not belonging to Baltimore County, it is the only independent city in Maryland.Area 92.1sqmi (238.5km^2)。Land 80.8sqmi (209.3km ^ 2), water 11.3sqmi (29.2km ^ 2).The population is 783000 (1980), and black people account for about 55%.The metropolitan area includes the surrounding 6 counties, with an area of 5763square kilometre, with a population of 2.174 million (1980).
Baltimore City is a fief owner named after the Maryland areaBaron Baltimore 。
The early development of Baltimore is closely related to shipping and sugar industry.
Francis Scott Key
In 1814War of 1812During this period, British troops attacked Baltimore by sea and land after burning Washington.On September 12, British troops and American militiamen exchanged fire in the north corner southwest of Baltimore.General Ross, the British commander, was killed.The British navy is guardingInner Harbor Fort McHenry failed to drive out the guard Fort McHenry after all night shellingUS Army。Then the British army gave up the attack on Baltimore.Francis Scott Key, an American, witnessedBritish NavyAfter the bombardment of Fort McHenry, he wrote down what was later calledAmerican National AnthemThe Star Spangled Banner.In 1851, Baltimore secededBaltimore County And become an independent city.
In 1861, a group of American soldiers was besieged by Baltimore citizens who were pro southern when they were changing trains in Baltimore. The soldiers fired at the citizens, leading to a riot in Baltimore.The direct result of the Baltimore riots was the Lincoln administration's iron hand suppression of pro southern states.Baltimore was declared to be under military control, and the mayor and police chief of Baltimore were arrested,Maryland ParliamentSeveral members of Parliament were arrested.ThroughoutAmerican Civil WarperiodMarylandBe placed inUS Federal GovernmentOfDirect management。Delaware is set to the northmilitary occupationStatus.ArkansasandTennesseeAfter learning about the suppression of pro southern areas by the Lincoln government, he announced that he would leave the northern government of the United States and join the southern government.
Allan Poe's Former Residence
On February 7, 1904, a fire broke out in Baltimore, and the whole city was almost burned down.fromDistrict of Columbia, Philadelphia, New York, etcFire BrigadeDue to fire protectionwater tapThe connector of is different and can't do anything in the face of fire.This event led to the birth of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
In 1980,National Aquarium in Baltimore Completed.In the same year, a series of commercial and tourist areas were built in Baltimore Inner Harbor area.Baltimore's inner port gradually changed from industrial zone toresidence communityTransform into a tourist area.
In 2003, the tide caused by Hurricane Isabel flooded the Inner Harbor area of Baltimore.
Geography
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Baltimore is located in the Patapsco estuary area in the middle of Maryland,
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Close to Chesapeake Bay, it is an excellent port.The weather in Baltimore is subtropicalMarine climate, cold in winter and hot in summer, high humidity.
Baltimore
Economics
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Baltimore
Import and export tradestayurban economy It occupies an important position in China, with an annual income of US $4 billion and 170000 employees.In the harborTidal rangeSmall, deep channel, no freezing in winter, modern wharf, loading and unloading and warehouse facilitiesNortheast United StatesIn economically developed areas, shipping is very busy.Seagoing vessel south longitudeChesapeake BayOr north crossingDelaware- Chesapeake Canal access port area, with more than 6000 ships per year;Year of Goodsthroughput50.04 million tons (1980), ranking the eighth in Chinapetroleum products、sugar, steel, grain, wood, etc.3 railway lines, multipleInterstate HighwayAnd built in the 1960sRing ExpresswayIt is accessible to the port area and forms the land route for the city to connect with the outside worldTraffic network。Baltimore Washingtoninternational airportIt is located in the south of the city.Industrial development is based on imported raw materials, which are mainly distributed near the port area and east of the urban area with convenient transportationCopper smeltingMainly)industrial sector ，Cape SparosOfsteel industryTo be famous;Next are chemical, arms, electronics, food and clothing industries.
The city is surrounded by the Patapsco estuary.The business district is located in the west, gathering various shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, government agencies and cultural facilities.To the east of the business district was the old city with narrow streets and old and crowded buildings. Through the reconstruction and reconstruction in the past 20 years, Charles Central City, a comprehensive building group, mainly composed of office buildings, including various commercial, transportation, entertainment facilities and apartments, has emerged.The north is a high-grade residential area, with many parks and green spaces;Adjacent to the port area in the east is a low-income residential area.The large-scale comprehensive renovation plan of the port area is being implemented.
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overview
A good port must have good transportation and communication conditions. In 1827, the first railway in the United States, the Baltimore Ohio Railway, was laid here, becoming the gateway to the Midwest. The old railway station, Mount Clair Station, has been changed into a railway museum to commemorate. In 1844, the line between this place and Washington was completed. On May 24,Baltimore received theHuman historyThe first long-distance telegram: "What a miracle God created!"Interstate HighwayAnd the Ring Road built in the 1960sexpresswayIt is accessible to the port area. When approaching the port area by bus from the expressway, you can see the tallloader-unloader , neat rows of containers, mountains of bulk cargo, black is coal, red isiron sand, very impressive.There areAmtrakThe eighth busiest station in the system,Baltimore Pennsylvania Station, while there areBaltimore International AirportConvenient transportation has effectively promoted the development of the port city
Baltimore International Airport(Baltimore Washington International Airport), code BWI, provides passenger services for residents of Baltimore and Washington. The airport has a Baltimore International Airport railway station, where you can takeAmtrakOr MarylandCommuter rail （MARC）Train arrivalBaltimore andWashingtonCenter.
In addition,Baltimore International AirportThere is also a Baltimore International Airport Railway Station, where you can takeAmtrakOr the Maryland Commuter Railway (MARC) train to Baltimore and downtown Washington.
Baltimore is also an important cultural city in the eastern United States.Famous scientific research institutions and universities include Johns Hopkins Institute of Applied Chemistry, National Institutes of Health, Johns Hopkins University, etc.Baltimore OhiotransportThe museum is famous for preserving various locomotives and showing the history of locomotive development.The city also reflects the culture of early American historyTreasuresAnd memorial sites, known as "Immortal City".It isAmerican National AnthemThe original manuscript is still in the Maryland Historical Society.Mount VernonThe square stands erectWashington Monument(Built in 1815, 62 meters high) and Fort McHenry Defense Battle Monument.There are 61 federal research institutions and more than 30 colleges and universities.famousThe Johns Hopkins University Founded in 1876, it is one of the famous private universities in the United States.It was donated by Hopkins, a rich local businessman, with 7 million dollars.At the beginning of its establishment, it emphasizedscientific researchFirst, set up a doctoral degree class.The school's medical school and hospital are world-famous medical centers.It attaches importance to research, ranking second only toHarvard University。This hospital has some special departments, which are not found in other hospitals. For example, the blood department is famous for its perfect equipment.In addition, there are also State Corbin College (1900), State University of Tosan (1866), Loyola College (1852)Notre Dame College, Maryland(1873), Moorgan State University (1867), University of Maryland (1807), Maryland College of Arts (1826), Peabody College of Music (1868), anduniversity of baltimore (The University of Baltimore, Maryland, ranked 160th in the latest US News ranking) (1925).Cultural facilities include libraries, museums, art galleriesopera houseAnd the theater.The Walters Art Museum is one of the art museums with the richest collections in the United StatesAncient EgyptBy the beginning of the 20th century, there were 25000 works of art in Sri Lanka.The Baltimore Museum of ArtEurope and AmericaThe painting and sculpture of various countries are famous.《The Baltimore Sun 》It often publishes systematic and in-depth news, and is one of the top 10 famous newspapers in the United States.
education
Johns Hopkins University is located in Baltimore.[3]
The Baltimore Bullet (Baltimore Bullets) isAmerican Basketball League(1944 – 1947) Team, then transferredAmerican Basketball Association(1947 – 1949), along withBAAIncorporation into the countrybasketball associationBecome one of them, and the home court is located inMarylandBaltimore.The team won the championship in the 1948 BAA (the predecessor of the NBA) finals and was disbanded in 1954.Baltimore Bullets It is one of the teams established in the early days of the NBA and also a strong team.It is also the only disbanded championship team in NBA history.
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national aquarium
war of independenceDuring, onBritish troopsthreatenPhiladelphiaAt that time, it was once the wartime capital of the United States, with rich historical sites, so it was called the "Immortal City".Mount VernonThe square is toweringWashington Monument, about 50 meters high, standing on the top of the monument is the full body portrait of Washington.It is made by sculptorsRobert MillsDesigned and completed in 1829, it is the first large-scale monument dedicated to Washington in the country.Not far to the south is the earliestCatholic Cathedral , completed in 1821.The war monument in the city center was built to commemorate the Baltimore militia who died during the Second British American War from 1812 to 1814, and was completed in 1825.It is the first large-scale war monument in the United States.To the west of the war monument is the "former residence of Edgar Allan Poe", a narrow double brick house where the American poet Edgar Allan Poe once lived, which is now for visitors to pay homage to.NearbyLexingtonThe market is a huge food market. There are 130 stalls under one roof, including fruit, vegetable, medicine and meatseafoodThere are all kinds of flavor snacks.This market has a history of more than 200 years. In those years, President Washington and President Jefferson came here to admire the reputation.Here tourists can taste local specialties -- delicious and juicy Chesapeake Bay crabs andOysters。 The inner port is the most attractive place for tourists in BaltimoreTourist area。It used to be a wharf. After renovation, it has been transformed into a sightseeing, entertainment and shopping area, becoming a model for the revitalization of the old urban area.No.3On the dockTop of one buildingglass pyramid The novel building in the shape of the is particularly eye-catching. It is the first scenic spot in Pakistan - the countryaquarium。
national aquarium
The National Aquarium was built in 1981. It has a 5-storey exhibition hall with several huge pools and water tanks, displaying more than 5000 kinds of waterAquatic organism。In the libraryadvanced techniqueIt can give the audience a feeling of roaming and dancing with fish and shrimp at the bottom of the sea when visiting. It can be called a "Crystal Palace" that shows the secrets of the underwater world to people.The museum is divided into children's bay, open oceanCoralWorldTropical rain forestAnd Dolphin Hall.Visitors can circle up the escalator to appreciate the countless rare foreign objects,Starfish､Flash fishSharkvaranid､Seals... makes people dizzy.During the visit, you will hearwhaleCourtship singingSeabirdsThe chirp of foraging, the rhythmic lapping of waves, and even the rustle of crabs walking make people feel as if they are in a magical world.Every day, audiences from all over the world and the United States come in an endless stream.In this "Crystal Palace", people can not only enjoy the underwater scenery and animal wonders, but also learn a lot of biological knowledge.There is a ship parked opposite the aquariumThree masted warship"Constellation".It was one of the warships at the beginning of the founding of the United States. It was launched in Baltimore in 1797 and has made many outstanding achievements on the sea.After retirement--Baltimore PortThe museum was built and listed as a national cultural relic in 1961.
Fort McHenry
history museum
Once inThe Second Anglo American WarDuring this period, it was used as an outpost to fight against the British army.Built on a small peninsula, it is a fortress in the shape of a pentagramarrivalMain road.In 1814, after occupying Washington and burning the White House, in order to occupy the United States at that timeEconomic lifelineOfport cityIn Baltimore, the British fleet directly attacked Fort McHenry and pounded the fort day and night.At that time, there was a man namedFrancis Scott Key American lawyers from the United States sailed to the British ship to negotiate the release of detained American civilians.He witnessed the British bombardment of Fort McHenry and was very worried.The next morning when he saw through the fogFlag of the United StatesStill over the fortressHuntingWhen flying, he was filled with emotion, so he wrote the poem "The Starlight Flag" with passion.Poetry soon spread all over the country. It was added to music scores and then spread all over the country. In 1931, it was officially designated asAmerican National Anthem。
Fort McHenry has been turned into a national memorial and a historical shrine.High in the middle of the fortressOn flagpole, still flying and never fallingStar Spangled Banner。The "Star Spangled Banner House" is the house where the seamstress Mary Pixier made the American flag and hung over Fort McHenry. Now it is also a museum.
history museum
Located in the southwest of the citylocomotivehistory museumIt is said that it is the only place in the United States where all kinds of locomotives are preserved. This antique museum with only 1200 square meters is concentrated and compact.In the exhibition hall, there are all kinds of locomotives in good order, from the first locomotive in the world to all kinds of locomotives commonly used in the world today.All kinds of materials that use charcoal and coal as fuelsteam locomotiveLocomotives, various diesel locomotive locomotives and other forms of locomotives are preserved here for visitors.Here one can see that the boiler of the original steam locomotive was vertical, a little likeRollerThe locomotive weighs less than one ton.The power of the train is only 12 horsepowerthree-wheel delivery motor lorryThe horse power of the car is still small, and the speed is only 25 kilometers per hour, which is only slightly faster than the carriage. Because charcoal is used as fuel, it is called a "train".This kind of steam locomotive was invented in 1825 after a British engineer had studied it for a long time.There is another one in another part of the museumthermal efficiencyHigh, light and fast piston typeInternal combustion engineIt was invented by Americans and became the ancestor of the world's railway diesel locomotives.The exhibits and rich historical materials of the Locomotive History Museum show a picture of the history of locomotive development, leaving a deep impression on people.
