Process flow is also called "processing flow" or "production flow".Refers to a certainProduction equipmentOr pipeline, the whole process of continuous processing from raw material input to finished product output.The process flow is produced by industrial enterprisestechnical conditionsAnd productsProduction technologyIt is determined by the characteristics.
A complete process flow usually includes several processes.InsetTilingIn stone works, it is generally necessary to mix mortar, immerse bricks in waterPriming、Tiling、Flat seam, surface cleaning, etcProcess。It can be seen that the basic content of the process flow is that workers use labor tools to changeObject of laborShape, size, locationcomponent, performance, etc. to make it the expected product.[1]
Chinese name
technological process
Foreign name
work process
Alias
Processing flow and production flow
Basic elements
Input resources, activities, interaction of activities (i.e. structure), output results, customers, value
The production process refers toProduction processMedium, used by workerstool of productionThe method and process of continuously processing various raw materials and semi-finished products through certain equipment in a certain order to finally make them into finished products.The principle is: advanced technology and reasonable economy.Due to different plant equipmentthroughput, precision, worker proficiency and other factors are very different, so for the same product, different factories may develop different processes;Even the same factory may have different processes at different times.
Basic elements
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Production process flow is the combination of elements in the production process of products from raw materials to finished products.Include input resourcesactivity, ActiveInteraction(i.e. structure), output results, customers and value.Take the beer production process as an example, input resources include raw materials（maltRice), activities and interactions between activities include various reactions and changes generated by the auxiliary support of personnel and equipment, which can finally output results (beer) and point to certain customers, and the product production finally has corresponding value.
Schematic diagram of beer production process
process design
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The process flow design is completed by professional process personnel, and the processrationality、Economy, operability, controllability and other aspects,Production processThe content of process design mainly includes:
Organization and analysis
It refers to the change and flow direction of materials and energy in the production process, and the applicationBiological reactionorchemical process And equipment to determine the production process and sequence of products.This sectionjob contentIt is often called process design.The organization of the process includes the following basic requirements:
The process flow design in China pays more and more attention to the following aspects:
1. Try to use mature and advanced technology and equipment;
2. Minimize three wastesEmissions, with perfectThree wastes treatmentMeasures shall be taken to reduce or eliminate environmental pollution, and the recovery and comprehensive utilization of the three wastes shall be well done;
3. EnsureSafe productionTo ensure the safety of personnel and equipment;
4. Try to use mechanization and automation to achieve stable and high yield.
productionProcess Flow DiagramIt is divided into different levels. Different levels have different audiences, different focus and different requirements.Extension consultationIt is believed that the foundationflow chartIt is required to indicate the history of main materials and describe the processing links and equipment from raw materials to finished products;For more detailed flow chart, symbols shall be used to indicate thecritical control point , even product specificprocess parameters Such flow charts are the basis for construction and the guide for operation, operation and maintenance.
The production process is not stable. With the continuous change of technology, the dynamic performance of personnel will give more reasonable suggestions for process improvement. Every detail change may have a good effect on the optimization of the entire process.Enterprises should establish corresponding production process optimization mechanism.
2. Coordination of all links in the production process
It mainly includes the arrangement and coordination among various departments related to the production process.The process of product realization involves a wide range of departments and links. Managers of relevant departments need to know what responsibilities the department bears in the process of product realization, and also master the necessary methods and tools to ensure the smoothness and efficiency of the entire production process.
3. Production process control
Is the equipment aging?Is personnel safety guaranteed?critical control point What is the status?The control of production process involves the wholeProcessMany aspects of.Enterprises must form a standardized management and control mechanism to reduce risks.
The process flow of electroplating is: ① cleaning metal objects; ②Dilute hydrochloric acidSoaking; ③Flushing; ④Immersion in plating solution; ⑤Adjust the current for electroplating; ⑥Take out from the plating solution; ⑦Flushing; ⑧DeionizationBoiling；⑨dry.
stampingtechnological process:CoilMaterial mobilization - uncoiling - shearing and blanking - blanking/blanking of shapes (skip those without shapes) - drawing/pressing/bending (usually in the first step of the stamping process) - trimming (usually in the subsequent stamping process)/punching/Shaping/flanging/Flanging/Punch over hole/cut off/cut/Washout/Necking/flaring/semi punching (knocking off holes/punching bosses, sometimes seen in non precision punching)/hemming/inner and outer edge trimming/leveling --- the above is the process that usually occurs in stamping --- the following is the later stagesurface treatment: electroplating, blueing, shot blasting, polishing, spraying and some heat treatment, etc
coordination with foreign countries or with other unitsProcessing flow: raw material purchase=>qualified warehousing=>system issuing=>outsourcing factory picking, confirmed quantity=>processed parts=>delivery=>qualified warehousing=>raw material quantity deduction
Mold production process
1）ESI(Early Supplier Evolution): This stage is mainly about the relationship between customers and suppliersproduct designThe main purpose of the technical discussion with mold development is to make the supplier clearly understand the design intent and precision requirements of the product designer, and also make the product designer better understand the mold production capacityProcess performanceSo as to make a more reasonable design.
2) Quotation: including the price, service life anddate of delivery。
3) Purchase Order: customer orderDepositAnd acceptance of supplier's order.
4) MoldProduction planProduction Planning and Schedule Arrangement: At this stage, we need to reply to the customer according to the specific date of mold delivery.
5) Mold design: possible design software includes Pro/EngineerUG、Solidworks、AutoCADetc.
C: Die parts processing: 1 slider processing, 2 compression block processing, 3 diffluent cone gate sleeve processing, 4 insert processing
Formwork processing details
1. The numbering shall be uniform, and the mold core shall also be numbered, which shall be consistent with the numbering on the mold base and in the same direction. Alignment during assembly can avoid errors.
2. A/B plate processing (i.e. moving and fixed mold frame processing), a: A/B plate processing should ensure that the mold frameParallelismandverticality0.02mm, b: milling machine processing: screw hole, water delivery hole, thimble hole, nozzle hole,Chamferc: Bench worker processing: tapping, repairingBurr。
3. Panel processing: milling machine processes boring machine nozzle hole or material nozzle hole.
4. Processing of thimble fixed plate: milling machine processing: for thimble plate and B plateRetuned needleConnection, B plate face up, from top to topRIH INFor the thimble hole, the thimble countersunk head needs to turn the thimble plate upside down and correct it. First, rough machining with a drill, and then finish machining with a milling cutter in place and chamfering.
(Note: For some molds that require forced jacking, a forced jacking mechanism should be added, such as drilling screw holes on the ejector plate)
Core processing details
1) Rough machining of flying hexagon: machining on milling machine to ensure perpendicularity and parallelism, with grinding allowance of 1.2mm
2) Rough grinding: for large water grinding, first grind the large surface, and then clamp the small surface with a batch driver to ensure that the perpendicularity and parallelism are 0.05mm, with allowance of 0.6-0.8mm on both sides
3) Milling machine processing: first correct the milling machine head,Guaranteed onWithin 0.02mm, correct and press the workpiece, first process the screw hole, thimble hole, threading hole,Inset needleThe countersunk head is roughened, the machine nozzle or material nozzle hole, the diversion cone hole is chamfered, and then the water conveying hole is made, and the R angle is milled.
7) Fine grinding;Large water grinding shall be carried out to be less than 0.04mm of the mold frame, and the parallelism and perpendicularity shall be within 0.02mm
10) Model saving and guaranteeFinish, control the cavity size.
11) ProcessingGate, exhaust,kirsiteGenerally, gate opening is 0.3-0.5mm, exhaust opening is 0.06-0.1mm,aluminium alloyGate opening 0.5-1.2mmOpen 0.1-0.2 for exhaust, 0.01-0.02 for plastic exhaust, and try to be wider and thinner.
MetalCore mold：Degrease→ WeakEtching→ Preparation of separation layer (for the core mold used for many times) → plating coating → plating coating → electroforming → machining → reinforcement →Demoulding→heat treatment(forinternal stressDahe needs to improve the plasticity of electroforming layer).
Non metal core mold:applyWaterproof layer(for materials easy to absorb water) → degrease → plating conductive layer → electroforming of coating layer → machining → reinforcement → demoulding → heat treatment (for electroforming layer with high internal stress and need to improve plasticity).
