Colluvial deposits refer to the deposits formed by the sudden tumbling and falling of the earth rock mass on the steep slope.The "earth fall" that occurs in the soil mass is called "rock fall" that occurs in the rock mass;Large scale, involving mountain stability is called "landslide";It is called "bank collapse" when it occurs on the bank slopes of rivers and lakes.The debris of earth and stone with different collapse sizes is accumulated at the slope toe and is generally called "colluvium".Among them, those whose block size is greater than 0.5 cubic meters and the number is less than 75% are specifically called "rock heaps", "seedlings" and "rockfills".[1]
Chinese name
Colluvium
Foreign name
colluvial deposit
Definition
Collapsed earth rock debris accumulated at the slope toe
Classification
Earth rockfall, rock avalanche, etc
Features
Collapse, earth rock and debris of different sizes
The accumulation formed by rapid collapse under the action of gravity.Collapse can be caused on steep hillsides, in case of earthquake, flowing water, manual excavation and other impacts, resulting in collapse deposits, namely colluvium.The slopes with clay interlayer, groundwater lubrication interlayer and slopes or scarps with large amount of mica, quartz and feldspar particles and well developed bedding and schistosity are most prone to collapse.Collapse can block mountain rivers and create natural lakes.
Causes
Announce
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Collapse often occurs in high mountains and steep slopes.This is a block formed due to the strong weathering and denudation of rocks or the impact of earthquake and other factors. Under the action of gravity, a sudden sharp dumping, tumbling and falling at the foot of the slope (forming a rockfill or debris pile) phenomenon.Large scale collapse in mountainous areas is called landslide.The landslide speed is very fast, which can reach the speed of free fall, generally 5-200m/s.Collapses occurring on river banks, lake banks (including reservoir banks) and coasts are called bank collapses. If they are caused by the collapse of underground karst caves and mined out areas of mines, they are called collapses. The materials that collapse and accumulate are called colluvium or alluvium, which are huge unselected rock blocks or rock debris.[2]
