Mountain refers to a mountain that extends in a certain direction and consists of several mountains and valleys. It is called a mountain because it looks like veins and has a certain overall nature that can be called together.Mainly due tocrustal movementThere are obvious folds under the action of internal force in the, which distinguishes the mountain from the mountain, while the mountain is under the action of a certain force, and the fold phenomenon is not obvious.
The composition of mountains includesMain mountain(Main trunk), large branch, small branch and residual vein.The residual vein is relatively small, and a relatively long low warm zone should be separated from the main trunk or large branch.
Mountains and mountain systems: the complex of several adjacent mountains is the mountain system.For example,Luoxiao MountainIn fact, it is a mountain system, including several mountains and many mountains.Stretching for thousands of milesTianshan MountainIt is a large mountain system.
Chinese name
mountain range
Foreign name
Mountain Mons, montes[3]
Overview
They are called mountains because they are like veins
Interpretation
It refers to the mountains extending in a linear way
[mountain range] Mountains like veins extending in a certain direction, such as the Qilian Mountains.
The Big Green Hill is not very high but very wide——Jian BozanVisit to Ancient China in Inner Mongolia[1]
Citation explanation
It is also called "mountain range".The mountains in rows are undulating and extending in a certain direction, which looks like veins, so they are called.Tang DynastyZhou You《Title: Tiger Chasing Spring in Donglin Temple》Poem: "The mountains are broken by the claw, and the stone heart is held by the palm." Xu Hongzu of the Ming Dynasty《Xu XiakeTravel Notes, Journey I of a Journey to the West of Guangdong: "It's already afternoon to climb Haiyang Temple with the mountains, eat and then travel."Du PengchengThe first chapter of Safeguarding Yan'an: "The sound of gunfire and gunfire roars like a strong wind, shaking the mountains."[1]
Basic meaning
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Mountain reflection
Mountain (English name: Mountain) refers to the geological category of mountains extending in a linear form.A mountain body extending along a certain direction, including several mountains and valleys, is called a mountain range because it looks like veins.The mountains that make up the mountain are called the main vein, and the mountains that extend from the main vein are called branches.Several adjacent mountains can form a mountain network.
Formation of mountain
The formation of mountains is mainly caused by the internal force of the earth, including crustal movement and magmatic activity[4]。The new mountain system is towering and zigzag, while the old mountain system is weathered andErosionThe damage is smooth.
type
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Mountains can be divided into the following four types according to the way they are formed.
Folded mountain
Folded mountainWhen two plates collide with each other or subduct, the rock stratum is squeezed to form a series of wavy bends, called folds. The mountains formed by such rock stratum are called fold mountains.[4]
Fault mountain: When the pressure and tension on the rock stratum exceed the bearing degree of the rock, the rock stratum will break to form a fault.If the displacement of the fault is mainly in the vertical direction, the rising rock blocks often become massive mountains or highlands after weathering and erosion, and such mountains are called fault mountains.[4]
Volcanic mountain:MagmaLavaashandRock blockThe formation of geological structure with special shape is called volcanic mountain.[4]
Coronary Hill: When magma intrudes into rock stratum without being ejected from the surfaceSurface of the earthThe rocks of the mountain rise upward to form a coronary mountain.
features
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Volcanic mountain
The environment on some mountains is very bad.The higher you go, the lower the temperature, the thinner the air, and the stronger the wind.The animals and plants on the mountain have adapted to this environment.The mountains can be divided into several different zones, whethertropicThe mountains in the region arethe temperate zoneThe distribution of mountains in the region is similar whether they are isolated volcanic peaks or parts of mountains.
distribution
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The high mountains on the earth are all folded mountains becausecontinental marginSqueeze orContinental plateFormed by collision with each other.WorldFault block mountainNot very noticeable, they are caused by fault activity.Volcanoes may form in folded mountain areas or fault block mountain areas.
A mountain range is a mountain that extends in a certain direction and consists of several mountains and valleys. It is called a mountain range because it looks like veins.The mountains that constitute the main part of the mountain range are called the main vein, and the mountains that extend from the main vein are called the branches.Several adjacent mountains can
To form a mountain system, such as that in AsiaHimalayanMountains, including the Chaisk MountainsLadak Mountains、Siwalik MountainsAnd the Himalayas.And the peaks are:
（1） Continuous peaks Example 1: undulating peaks Example 2: overlapping peaks
（2） Small and sharp mountains, so the mountains have a certain spaceDuctilityThe main range of peaks is narrow.
becauseAltitudeThe top nine of the ten high mountains are all distributed in ChinaQinghai Tibet Plateauandthe pamirs(The two are the world's highest plateau and the second highest plateau).
ranking
Mountain name
Average altitude (m)
Highest peak and altitude (m)
Plateau
Belonging to sovereign countries
continent
one
Himalayas
Over 7000
Mount Everest (8848.86)[2]
Qinghai Tibet Plateau
China
Asia
two
Karakoram Mountains
About 6000-7000
Chogory Peak (8611)
People's Republic of China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India (dispute)
1．AndesThe average width from east to west is 241 km, and the widest point is from Arica to Santa Claus（Santa Cruz）It is about 750 kilometers wide.mountain rangeAverage altitude3660 meters, with many peaksYear-round snow, with an altitude of more than 6000 meters.It is about 7500km long, three times as long as the Himalayas. It is also the longest mountain on land, compared with the longest mountain on the sea floor and the earthMid ocean ridge(about 8000 km long).
2．The AlpsA famous mountain range in Europe, which coversItalyNorthern border, southeast of France,Switzerland，Liechtenstein，Austria, southern Germany andSlovenia。It can be subdivided into three parts: frommediterranean seareachMont BlancWestern Alps, fromOsterValley (an autonomous region in northwest Italy) to the middle Alps of the Buleney Pass (the border between Austria and Italy), and from the Buleney Pass to the eastern Alps of Slovenia.There are 128 peaks in the Alps with an altitude of more than 4000 meters. The highest peak, Mont Blanc, is 4808 meters above sea level, located at the junction of France and Italy.The mountain range is curved, 1200 kilometers long, and the average altitude is about 3000 meters.
3．Great watershedThe main mountain range in eastern Australia.From the northCape York Peninsula, south toVictoria, roughly parallel to the coastline, about 3000km long, about 200-300km wide, the highest peakKoshusco MountainbyAustraliaThe highest point on the mainland, 2230 meters above sea level.This ridge belongs to the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean water systemwatershed, hence the name.
4．Kunlun Mountains From the westthe pamirsEast, east toqaidam Valley in the upper reaches of the river, at 97 ° - 99 ° E andBayan Har Mountains andAnimaqin Mountain(Jishishan) is connected to the northTarim BasinAndQaidam Basin。The mountain range has a total length of more than 2500 kilometers, a width of 130-200 kilometers, an average altitude of 5500-6000 meters, a narrow west and a wide east, and a total area of more than 500000square kilometre。It is generally believed that the highest peak is often called "Kunlun Mountain"Mount Mushi(7282m above sea level), located atXinjiang UygurSouth of Hotan, but actuallyGongger Mountain(7719m) is the highest.
5．Atlas Mountainsbe locatedAfricaIn the northwest, 2400km long, acrossMorocco、Algeria, Tunisia (including Gibraltar)sahara desertseparate.The highest peak isTubokale Peak(Jbel Toubkal, 4167 meters above sea level), located in the southwest of Morocco (31 ° 03 ′ 43 ″ N, 7 ° 54 ′ 58 ″ W).
6．HimalayasThe highest and most magnificent mountain range in the world is located in China andNepal, distributed in the southern margin of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, starting from the westKashmirNanga Palbat Peak（35 N° 14'21 ", 74 ° 35'24" E, 8125m above sea level), east toYarlung Zangbo River Big BendAtNamjagbarwa(29 ° 37'51 "north latitude, 95 ° 03'31" east longitude, 7756m above sea level), with a total length of 2400km.Main peakMount Everest（Everest）Altitude: 8848.86m[2]。according toPlate tectonics，the himalayasPulse is caused byIndian Plate AndeurasiaPlate collisionFormed.So the Himalayas are still rising slowly.There are more than 70 peaks in the Himalayas.
7．Altai MountainsIt is located in the north of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China and the west of Mongolia.The northwest extends to Russia.It runs from northwest to southeast.It is about 2000km long and 1000-3000m above sea level.Forestmineral resourcesRich.From the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, more than 50000 people began to mine gold in the mountains.
8．Qilian MountainsIt is one of the major mountains in China, located at the northern edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, spanning Gansu and Qinghai, bordering the Altun Mountains in the west, the Xinglong Mountains in Lanzhou in the east, and the Qaidam Basin andQinghai LakeIt is connected. The northwest to southeast of the mountain range is composed of several nearly parallel mountains, with an average altitude of more than 4000 meters, a length of about 2000 kilometers, and a width of 200 to 500 kilometers. Plain and river valleys account for more than one-third of the mountain area.
9. Qinling Mountains is a mountain range running from east to west in China.Its west end is atGansuWithin the province, from the eastern section toHenanIn the west of the province, the main body is located inShaanxiSouth of the province andSichuanIt is about 1500 kilometers long at the provincial border.The Qinling Mountains are alsoYangtze river basinAndYellow River BasinThe watershed of.The highest peak of Qinling Mountains isTaibai Mountain, 3763.2m high.It is the first peak in the eastern half of mainland China (known as the crown of peaks).
10．Nianqing Tanggula Mountainsbe locatedTibetMiddle east of the autonomous region.Near east and west.west sideGangdise Mountains, Hengduan Mountains in the east.The total length is 1400 kilometers, and the average width is 80 kilometers.The average altitude is 5000-6000 meters.
The longest mountain range in the world
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South America Andes
The longest mountain range in the world is the Andes.In the southAmericaOn the western edge of the mainland, there stands a huge mountain range stretching from north to south. It is like a long dragon lying on the east bank of the Pacific Ocean. This is the world-famous Andes Mountains.The Andes is not only the longest mountain in the Americas, but also the longest mountain in the world. It stretches 9000 kilometers from north to south, starting from Trinidad in the north,
South toTierra del Fuego, spanningVenezuela、Columbia、Ecuador、Peru、bolivia、Argentina、Chile7 countries, covering an area of 1.8 million square kilometers.The Andes is 6000 kilometers longer than the famous Himalayas.The AndesTectonic systemThe upper part of the Cordillera Mountains is a young folded mountain range. The mountains are high and steep, and the straight peaks rise and fall continuously, just like aNatural barrier。Altitude is more than 3000 meters.
