Often referring to the size of the volume of an objectMetric UnitsIs a liter.Capacity also refers to the number of unit objects that can be accommodated by objects or space.Now widely usedcomputer hard disk、BatteryMeasurement of equal reserves.
Chinese name
capacity
Foreign name
Capacity
Pinyin
róng lìang
Basic explanation
The number or quantity that can be accommodated at one time
Gleaned"Preface": "The same theme, through different processing, can greatly change the capacity of the workLuo GuangbinWait for Eternal Life in the Fire: "Shan Congconcentration camp"[1]
Basic meaning
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It is well known that in computersBinaryAs a result, the capacity in the operating system is calculated as per 1024Unary1 for every 1024 bytesKB, 1MB for every 1024KB, 1GB for every 1024MB;And hard disk manufacturersCalculated capacityFor example, every 1000 bytes is 1 KB, every 1000 KB is 1 MB, every 1000 MB is 1 GB, andTB, the difference between the two systems has resulted in the "shrink" of the hard disk capacity.Take a 120GB hard disk as an example:
Calculation method for converting to operating system: 120000000000 bytes/1024=117187500KB/1024=114440.91796875MB=114GB
At the same time, in the operating system, the hard disk must also be partitioned and formatted, so that the system will also occupy some space on the hard disk, which is provided toSystem filesUse, so theHard disk capacityandNominal capacityThere will be differences.[2]
Capacitance
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Capacity unit of capacitance
Capacitance unit:“Farad”, denoted by the letter "F".There are also mF units smaller than FμF,（Microfluid）, nF (Nafa), PF (Pifa)
Since the capacity of capacitance "F" unit is very large, we usually see the units of μ F, nF and pF.In commonCircuit diagramIn the case of μ F and PF, some F is omitted and μ is displayed. The actual capacitance labeling method of P is generally less than 9900P, which is indicated by P and greater than 0.01 μ (including 0.01), which is indicated by μ.
This symbol is usually used for patch or smallElectrolytic capacitor, pronunciation and usagePowerThe number indicates something similar, which should be noted when using it.Its capacity unit is generally μ F.
The first two bits are capacity.The third digit is the power, and the unit of the power is P. For example, 221 means 22 plus one zero equals 220P, 472 means 47 plus two zeros equals 4700P, and 683 means 68 plus three zeros equals 0.068 μ f
Hard disk capacity
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The storage capacity of computer hard disk and battery
The capacity of hard disk is based onMB（Megabyte）AndGB(Gigabyte), the early hard disk capacity was low, mostly in MB (megabyte), September 1956IBMThe world's first set manufactured by the companyDisk storage systemOnly a mere 5MB, and now with the rapid development of hard disk technology, hard disks with hundreds of gigabytes of capacity have entered the hands of home users.The capacity of hard disk includes 40GB, 60GB, 80GB, 100GB, 120GB, 160GB, 200GB, 500GB, 640GB, 750GB, 1TB, 1.5TB, 2TB, 4TB. The technology of hard disk continues to develop, and the hard disk with larger capacity will continue to be introduced.
Insufficient capacity:
After purchasing a hard disk, careful people will find that the capacity of the hard disk in the operating system is not consistent with the official nominal capacity, which is less than the nominal capacity. The larger the capacity, the greater the difference.The nominal 40GB hard disk is only 38GB in the operating system;80GB hard disk is only 75GB;The 160GB hard disk is only 149GB;The 500GB hard disk is only 465GB.
In the computer, twoBaseIn the computer world, it is more convenient and tidy to process Bytes in batches with the power of 2.Every 1024Byte is 1KB, every 1024KB is 1MB, every 1024MB is 1GB, and every 1024GB is 1TBInternational System of UnitsTB, GB, MB and KB are "1000 base" numbers, soInternational Electrotechnical Association(IEC）The binary units of "KiB", "MiB", and "GiB" are proposed to mark the data size of "1024 carry". In terms of computing capacity, hard disk manufacturers use the decimal system of every 1000 bytes, which is 1KB per 1000 bytes, 1MB per 1000 KB, 1GB per 1000 MB, 1TB per 1000 GB, and 1TB per 1000 GB. The computing of capacity in the operating system is based on 1024 carry, and has not been changed to "KiB", "MiB", and "GiB"This difference causes the hard disk capacity to shrink.
This is due to the difference between the capacity calculation method of hard disk manufacturers and the calculation method of operating systems, and the different unit conversion relationship.
In the operating system, the capacity is calculated in binary:
1K Byte=2 ^ 10 (10 power of 2) B=1024Byte
1MB =2^10 KB =2^20 B = 1024 X 1024 B =1,048,576 B
1GB = 2^30 B= 107,3741,824 B
In terms of the hard disk manufacturer's calculation method:
1KB =10^3 B =1,000B
1MB =10^6 B =1,000,000B
1GB =10^9 B =1,000,000,000B
The problem arises. During unit conversion, the manufacturer's nominal 500GB is 500000000000 Bytes, but if binary conversion is used, it is:
In addition, the hard disk needs to be partitioned and formatted. There are differences between operating systems. In addition, the behavior of copying files when installing the operating system will take up more space for the hard disk. Therefore, there will be differences between the hard disk capacity and the nominal capacity displayed in the operating system, and the difference between the two types of hard disk capacity should be about 5% - 10%.[2]
Battery capacity
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Battery capacityIt refers to the storage capacity of the battery.
The unit of battery capacity is“mAh”，Chinese nameIt is called milliampere hour (when measuring large capacity batteries such asLead storage batteryFor convenience, it is generally expressed as "Ah". The Chinese name is Anshi, 1Ah=1000mAh).If the battery'sRated capacityIt is 1300mAh. If the battery is discharged with a current of 0.1C (C is the battery capacity), that is, 130mA, the battery can work continuously for 10 hours (1300mAh/130mA=10h);Ifdischarge current 1300mA, the power supply time is only about 1 hour (actualworking hoursDue to the actual capacity of the batteryIndividual differencesThere are some differences).This isIdeal stateAccording to the analysis under, it is impossible for the current of the digital device to always be constant at a certain value (in order toDigital cameraFor example,Working currentLCD displayflash lampAs a result, the power supply time of the battery to a certain device can only be an approximate value, and this value can only be estimated through practical operation experience.
