Cervixpolyp(clinical polyp) Yeschronic cervicitis It is more common among married women.becausechronic inflammation Long term stimulationCervical canalLocal mucosa hyperplasia, because the uterus has a tendency to exclude foreign bodies, can make the hyperplastic mucosa gradually protrude from the base to the outer mouth of the cervix and form polyps.There are two types of cervical polyps, one fromCervical mucosaAnother kind of polyp comes from the cervix and vagina.Polyps maysingle shotOr multiple polyps with different sizes and diameters less than 1cm, larger polyps may have certain clinical symptoms, smaller polyps may have no symptoms, butGynecological examinationWas found at.Cervical polyps have the possibility of canceration (less than 1%). Once confirmed, polyps should be treatedExtirpation, sample deliveryPathological examination。
Visiting department
gynaecology
Common location
Cervix
Common causes
Inflammatory stimulation, high estrogen level, pathogen infection
common symptom
Bleeding, abnormal leucorrhea, mass prolapse at vaginal orifice
It is generally believed thatchronic inflammation Caused by long-term stimulation.Long term inflammatory stimulation promotes the excessive hyperplasia of cervical mucosa. In addition, the uterus has a tendency to exclude foreign bodies, so that the hyperplastic mucosa gradually protrudes from the base to the outer mouth of the cervix and forms polyps.
Cervical polyps are easily ignored.Because more than 1/3 of the patients lack obvious symptoms or have only mild symptoms, they are ignored by patients.
1. Bleeding
Mainly a small amount of bleeding, bright red, orsex lifeAfter a small amount of bleeding, the amount of bleeding in a few people can be similar to menstruation.It can also show vaginal bleeding after menopause.
2. Abnormal leucorrhea
Some patients may have yellow leucorrhea at ordinary times, most of them have peculiar smell, or leucorrhea contains blood filaments.
3. Others
Unmarried patients are often found lateorificium vaginaeThere is swelling.
inspect
Announce
edit
1. Gynecological examination
Most cervical polyps are found during gynecological examination.The examination showed a prominent tumor at the outer mouth of the cervix, which may be tongue shaped or spherical, generally soft, with hyperemia on the surface, and may be accompanied by increased secretionContact bleeding。The roots of polyps are mostly attached to the cervical canal or the outer mouth of the cervix, and the diameter is more than 1 cm, single or multiple.There are also larger ones, up to several centimeters in diameter, with peduncle, protruding out of the mouth of the cervix with growth.If the polyp is small, it will remain in the cervical canal and only slightly appear at the cervical orifice.
2. Pathological examination
It can be seen that the center of the polyp is a longitudinal axis formed by fibrous connective tissue, in which there are many and dense blood vessels, and there are inherent tissues of the cervix, including glands and stroma, and the surface is covered withCervical mucosaCovering, tissue composition and structure are basically the same as normal cervical tissue, which is a typical polyp tissue phase.Congestion, edema andInflammatory cellInfiltration.
According to the different epithelium on the surface of cervical polyps,ColposcopeThere are two kinds of images under.
(1) It is caused by excessive hyperplasia of cervical mucosa. Under colposcopy, polyps are bright red with a certain gloss. Single polyps have a thin pedicle, while multiple polyps are clustered, with a wide base and short pedicle.It is soft and brittle, easy to bleed when touched.
(2) Polyps originating from the surface of the cervix and vagina covered with squamous epithelium are pink because the stroma is mainly fibrous connective tissue. They protrude from the squamous epithelium of the cervix and have a wide base. A few have a thin pedicle, which is tough in texture and is not easy to bleed when touched.
Cervical polyps are mainly resected surgically to prevent recurrence due to incomplete treatment.Drugs are justAdjuvant therapy。
1. Operation method
Viable polypExtirpationorElectrotomy。useVascular clampEntrapment polyppedicle , rotate in one direction and unscrew it.Small polyps can be removed with vascular forceps, slightly press to stop bleeding, or put a piece of gauze at the neck, and take it out within 24 hours.If the polyp is large and the pedicel is thick, the broken end of the base can be cauterized to stop bleeding after removal.If it is multiple, it can be scratched thoroughly after slightly expanding the neck canal. At the same timeDiagnostic curettage。
Cervical polyps can block cervical orifice, causingsterility；causeCoital hemorrhage, affect sexual life;It is easy to recur after treatment;A small number of cervical polyps can become cancerous, and are easily associated with somecervical carcinomaTherefore, we should pay attention to cervical polyps and do a good job in prevention.
1. Do a good job of health care during menstruation, postpartum or after abortion;Pay attention to the cleaning of the vulva, but do not use irritant detergent when cleaning the vulva.
2. Pay attention to sexual hygiene. Before sexual life, both men and womenShould beClean the vulva, malePrepuce of penisThose who are too old should be thoroughly cleaned to prevent bacteriamycoplasma、chlamydiaWait for "silent" intrusion.
