Miyagi Prefecture (Japanese: Miyagi Prefecture; Hiragana: みやぎけん Romanic: Miyagi ken) is located inJapannortheast regionCenter of, fromTokyo300km, eastthe pacific ocean, XilianAuyu MountainsAndYamagata CountyAdjacent to the southFukushima Prefecture, BeilianAkita 、Iwate PrefectureThe land area accounts for 1.9% of Japan, and agricultural land accounts for 19.6% of Miyagi Prefecture.The total area of the county is 7282.22 square kilometers[1]The total population of the county is 2.316 million (2018)[1]。
Miyagi Prefecture is JapanFirst level administrative region, genusAgriculture、Animal HusbandryRegion.It's JapanRiceOrigin of beef cattle.Yixian CitySendai CityAs the center, there areAwaukawa, DongyouBeishangchuanThe river is surrounded by the Sendai Plain, and there are many mountains in the west, such as Li Ju Mountain, Boat shaped Lian Peak and Tibetan King Lian Peak. It is the political, cultural and economic center of northeastern Japan.The economy of Miyagi County is dominated by the tertiary industry. In 2009, the economic scale of Miyagi County was 8193.4 billion yen[2]。
From December 12, 1868 to July 1869,Baishi City、Mieda Prefecture, Jiaotian CityYiju CountyGenli Prefecture and Chaitian Prefecture were banned by Morioka Vassal State in the Edo era (Rigong in the south).
From December 12, 1868 to March 869, the old Guchuan City, the old Yuantian County and Denomi City were banned by Tupu Fan;Liyuan City belongs to the forbidden area of Yudu Palace.
From December 12, 1868 to July 1869, Kesennuma City, Benji County, Shijuan City, Dongmatsushima City, and Milu County were banned by the Kawasaki clan.
On August 18, 1869, Baishi City, Caotian County, Jiaotian City, Yiju County, Genli County and Chaitian County were changed into Baishi County after the abolition of the vassal state and the establishment of the county. On November 27, the same year, they were changed into Jiaotian County.
On July 14, 1871, Yannuma City, Natori City, Sendai City, Yanzao City, Duohe City, Miyagi County, Heichuan County and Jiamei County were changed into Sendai County.
On November 2, 1871, Baishi City, Caotian County, Jiaotian City, Yiju County, Genli County, Chaitian County, Yannuo City, Natori City, Sendai City, Yanzao City, Duohe City, Miyagi County, Heichuan County and Jiamei County were changed into Sendai County.
On January 8, 1872, Sendai County was changed into Miyagi County.
On April 22, 1876, Baishi City, Caotian County, Jiaotian City and Yiju County were changed into Shiqian County.On August 21 of the same year, it was integrated into Miyagi County.
With the implementation of the Japanese Local Autonomy Act in 1947 and the Machimura Merger Promotion Act in 1953, this division was formed in 1973.[4-5]
On December 2, 2022, according to Kyodo News Agency, there has been an outbreak of avian influenza since the autumn of 2022.[48]
administrative division
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Administrative divisions of Miyagi County[6]
As of 2012, Miyagi Prefecture has jurisdiction over 13 cities, 15 counties, 22 towns and 1 village[3]。The government is located in Sendai City.
geographical environment
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Location context
Night view of a corner of the capital of Miyagi County[7]
Miyagi Prefecture is located in the center of the northeast region, 300 kilometers northeast of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. It faces the Pacific Ocean to the east and connects to the westAuyu MountainsAndYamagata CountyAdjacent to the southFukushima Prefecture, BeilianAkita 、Iwate Prefecture[8]。The center is located at 35 ° 15'53 '' north latitude and 140 ° 52'22 '' east longitude.The total area of the county is 7285.73 square kilometers.
topographic features
To the south of Songdao Island in Miyagi County is a gentle beach, and the inland area to the west is the Tibetan KingShip form, Li Ju and other mountains with a height of about 1000 meters.The central part is open and flat, which is one of the few rice producing towns in Japan——Sendai Plain。
Climatic characteristics
MiyagiAuyu MountainsThe area has a snowy Japan Sea climate in winter, while the northern highlands have plateau and basin climate.There areMarine climateIn the north of Gonggu City, the temperature is generally low due to the cold current.The temperature in the Aoyu Mountains is low, and there is much snow in winter. The annual precipitation is 2000mm to 2500mm.The mountain valley has an inland climate, with a precipitation of 1100 mm[9]。
The climate in Miyagi County is generally the Pacific coast climate, and some areas in the west belong to the blizzard zone, showing the coastal climate characteristics of the Sea of Japan[3]。
Yannuma City, Miyagi Prefecture has the largest construction site in JapanSolar power stationThe total output of the power station will reach 15000 kilowatts.[10]
population
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The total population of the county is 2.316 million (2018)[1]。65% of the population is concentrated in the capital Sendai metropolitan area[2]。
Economics
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overview
Street View of Miyagi County (shot on March 12, 2011)[11]
Miyagi is a major agricultural and aquatic county in Japan, with developed secondary and tertiary industries. It is the political, cultural and economic center of northeastern Japan.Miyagi Prefecture is a famous rice producing area in Japan.There are 142 fishing ports in the county, which is the only county in Japan with more than two important fishing ports recognized by countries ("special category 3 fishing ports").Automobile and high-tech electronic machinery industries are developed, and together with food processing, they constitute the three key industries in Miyagi County[3]。
primary industry
Miyagi County is an important base for high-quality rice, vegetables, livestock products and other food materials.Miyagi County has carried out the development of localization and unique products, used bioengineering and new technology, implemented the upgrading of production base, agricultural management information network, etc., and adopted support policies for farmers.
Land distribution of Miyagi County in 2006: (unit: km2)
total area
forest
paddy
Stockbreeding area
Residential area
rivers
road
other
7282.22 square kilometers[1]
four thousand one hundred and sixty point seven one
one thousand one hundred and thirteen point five three
two hundred and seventy-five point six zero
four hundred and forty-six point five one
three hundred and twenty-six point eight eight
three hundred and fourteen point three one
six hundred and forty-eight point one nine
Proportion in total area
57.1%
15.3%
3.8%
6.1%
4.5%
4.3%
8.9%
the secondary industry
The coastal areas of Miyagi County develop material industries such as steel and pulp, while the inland areas develop processing and assembly industries such as electric mechanical processing.Focusing on the three fields of motor and electronic components, automobile association and food manufacturing, it accounts for more than a majority of industrial output[15]。
According to 2012 data, the gross domestic product (GDP) of Miyagi Prefecture is about 8 trillion 6.5 billion yen (about 640.5 billion yuan), ranking 15th in Japan.Annual per capita income 2.48 million yen (about 200000 yuan)[16]。
the service sector; the tertiary industry
A corner of the capital of Miyagi County
MiyagiSendaiIt is the largest commercial city in northeastern Japan, with consumers, large stores and personalized stores in neighboring counties.Influenced by the development of the automobile society, large stores have turned to the suburbs. Due to the fierce regional competition, the central store street is relatively empty.[17]
traffic
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overview
Miyagi Prefecture is the gate of northeastern Japan, with complete harbor and airport functions.There are regular flights to major cities in Japan from Sendai Airport, Miyagi PrefectureSeoul、Guam、Hong Kong、Dalian、Beijing, Shanghai/Beijing, Changchun, Taipei, and more than 3 million passengers use Sendai Airport every year.Sendai International Trade Port not only has regular routes connecting the mainland of China and Taiwan, North America and South Korea, but also has internal routes connecting Tokyo and Yokohama.The Northeast Shinkansen and the Northeast Expressway are the main arteries connecting Miyagi Prefecture and all parts of Japan, with convenient transportation[3]。
aviation
Traffic Map of Miyagi County
Since the 1990s, Miyagi County has strengthened the functions of Sendai International Trade Port and Sendai Airport, and opened a number of international container routes and regular air routes.Sendai Airport has regular routes to South Korea, China and Taiwan of China, and carries out transportation work to major cities in Asia and North America via Seoul.[17]
November 25-30, 1998,Jiang ZeminParticipated in the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the conclusion of the Japan China Peace and Friendship Treaty, paid a state visit to Japan, and visited Miyagi Prefecture on November 28 during the visit[20]。
From August 30 to September 3, 2010, a delegation headed by Deputy Governor Ruosheng of Miyagi County visited Jilin Province, China[21]。
social undertakings
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medical care
Medical institutions in Miyagi County include Miyagi Eye HospitalDepartment of Dentistry, Northeast University HospitalMiyagi Children's Hospital, Senyuan Hospital, National Sendai Hospital of Japan, Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital, Miyagi Tuberculosis Prevention Association of Japan, Tsudanuma Central General Hospital, Miyagi County Hospital, etc[22]。
In 2006, the 24th Thomas Cup Competition for the World Men's Team Badminton Players' Rights was held;The 21st Uber Cup Competition for the World Women's Team Badminton Players' Rights;2006 FIBA Basketball World Player Rights.
In 2007, the 2007 Women's Volleyball World Cup was held.
Sendai Half Marathon, Miyagi PrefectureSendai CityIt is a major event. Since 1991, this sport activity has been dominated by famous athletes from home and abroad. It runs through the streets of Sendai and is attended by ordinary athletes who can run in standard time.At the same time, it was held in Japan to participate in the World Half Marathon Athletes' Rights Representative Selection Conference[24]。
In 2015, the 25th Sendai International Half Marathon was held[25]。
Miyagi wild flagThe lovely purple or white flowers were selected as the county flowers on March 22, 1995.[26]
County tree
Zelkova schneideriana, formerly known as "Gui", was designated as a county tree on September 30, 1966.It is said that in the Heian era, trees were planted as street trees in the Guimu area of Shibata cho.[26]
County bird
Wild goose, also called wild goosewild goose, designated as county bird on July 30, 1965.Miyagi Prefecture is the migration place with the largest number of geese in Japan, so wild geese are designated as county birds.[26]
County beast
Deer was designated as county animal on July 30, 1965.Deers inhabiting Miyagi Prefecture are the representatives of Honshu deer in Japan, mostly inhabiting Jinhua Mountain andStag peninsula。[26-27]
Culture
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Historical culture
The capital of Miyagi County, Sendai, has ruled since the early 17th centuryYida ZhengzongSince the construction of Tsing Yeh City, it has prospered as the town of Ida, and has always been the largest city in northeast China.The Qingye Mountain area, the site of Qingye City, has been built into a park and has become a place for citizens to relax and play.
Sendai Niu Tongue (Niuta ンぎゅたんんたんん) was initiated by people in Sendai in 1948.It cuts the tongue into pieces, sprinkles salt on the fire and bakes it.Later, the cooking method of ox tongue became popular in Japan, but Sendai ox tongue was always regarded as the representative of authentic[29]。
Matsushima oyster
Matsushima oyster, roasted ox tongue and Maodou cake are called "three delicacies in Sendai".In winter, you can eat raw oysters with shells or fried oysters.
Mochi stuffed with soybeans
Mochi stuffed with soybeans (ずんんんんん cake) is a kind of local food for guests. It is made of boiled soybeans, peeled and mashed, and flavored with granulated sugar[30]。
Chinese Cold Noodles
Chinese Cold Noodles(Cold Chinese Noodles) is a kind of delicious food in summer, which is served with vegetables, ham, shredded eggs, etc. on the cooled Chinese noodles, and then poured with cold juice[30]。
Process technology
Sendai wardrobe
Sendai wardrobe
The Sendai wardrobe is made of traditional carpentry and lacquerwork, which is beautiful and generous, and makes full use of the beautiful wood grain of beech. Waxing on the wood grain and matching with embossed metal jewelry make it bright.
Dike burning
Dishao belongs to the Japanese ceramic craft pedigree, which has a history of more than 300 years. It is made of local clay and glaze.Dike firing is made by hand. The glaze color shows different expressions due to different firing conditions[31]。
Lacquer · Sendai Zhu
Dui Zhu is a traditional handicraft in Miyagi County. Its identity is round, thick and red.In 2011, Sendai Dui Zhu won the Best Design Award in Japan[31]。
Local toys - puppet people, with local characteristics and the personality of the manufacturer.The puppets produced in Sendai can be held by children. The whole body is slim, and the eyes are gentle and lovely. The patterns are dominated by simple chrysanthemums[32]。
Jade insect lacquerware
Jidingchong lacquerware is extremely strong. Generally, it needs to be painted more than ten layers, and special lacquerware needs to be painted four or fifty layers.Because the color of the finished product is very similar to the color of jade insect feathers, it is called "jade insect paint"[32]。
Sendaiping
Sendaiping is a handmade silk fabric with thick and dense patterns.This silk is fine and durable. It is a high-grade silk fabric[32]。
Liu Shenghe Paper
The origin of Liushenghe paper is located in the underground Liusheng area. It is a manufacturing process inherited from the era of the leader of the Sendai vassal Yida Zhengzong. The paper produced by the Hehe paper is excellent and strong[32]。
Matsushima is a group of islands and one of the "three sights of Japan".On the island connected to the Songdao coast by the Red Bridge, there are five halls (important cultural relics), the masterpiece of Taoshan architecture, which are the representative landscape of Songdao.Inside and outside Songdao Bay, 260 small and large islands are scattered.There are four major views on Songdao, namely, "Spectacular Grand Kosen", "Beautiful View of Rich Mountains", "Great View of Many Scented Mountains", and "Youguan Fan Valley".In addition, there are eight scenic spots, including the sunset on Xiongdao Island, the evening bell of Ruiyan Temple, the returning wild geese from Xiapu, and the evening smoke from the salt kettle.[37-38]
Five lobbies
Five lobbiesIt is located in Matsushima, Miyagi Prefecture, Miyagi Prefecture, Miyagi Prefecture, so it is named because of the important national cultural heritage of Japan and the five statues of the Ming Dynasty.Built by Yida Zhengzong[39]。
Qingye City
Qingye City (Xiantai City) was founded by military officers in 1610Yida ZhengzongOnly a few buildings and a part of the city wall were left, which later became a park.Standing on the high platform of the Qingyecheng site, you can see the whole Sendai Street.
Ruifeng Hall
Ruifeng HallIt is the mausoleum temple where Yida Zhengzong, the first generation leader of the Sendai clan, was buried, which made Sendai develop in the early Edo era.The second generation vassal Yida Zhongzong, according to the order of Yida Zhengzong, created a mausoleum temple in 1637 at Jingfeng on the south side of Qingye Mountain, named Ruifeng Hall.Later, the second generation Zhongzong and the third generation Gangzong were also buried here, and Ganxian Hall and Shanying Hall were built.[40]
Ruifeng Hall is composed of the main hall, the worship hall, the Tang Feng Gate, the imperial offering place, and the nirvana hall?The luxurious mausoleum temple building in Taoshan style composed of doors was burned down in the war in 1945, so the Ling Temple was rebuilt in 1979.In 2001, reconstruction was also carried out to restore the original appearance.Ganxian Hall and Shanying Hall were also burned down in the war and rebuilt in 1985.[40]
Okawa Palace
Okawa PalaceBuilt by Yida Zhengzong, it is a shrine dedicated to the guardian god of Yida family.The gorgeous and luxurious temple is the treasure of Taoshan culture and has been designated as a national treasure by Japan.The "DONTO Festival" is held on January 4 every year.[41]
Lunwang Temple
Lunwang TempleIt was founded in 1441 by Liang Chuan, the wife of the ninth generation of the Yida family.Lunwang Temple is the Bodhi Temple of Yida Family for generations.Most of the original buildings were burned down, only the Yuren Gate[42]。
Ruiyan Temple
Ruiyan TempleThe full name is Rui Yuan Fu Temple in Qinglong Mountain, Songdao, belonging to Linji Sect.Ruiyan Temple, formerly known as Yanfu Temple, was renamed as Yenfu Temple in 1259 and renamed as Ruiyan Temple after reconstruction of the five halls of Yida Zhengzong in 1604[43]。Ruiyan Temple is located on the coast of Songdao.The building of the temple is gorgeous and luxurious, which gathers the essence of Taoshan culture. The main hall (where the Buddha statues are placed) and Kuri (mainly referring to the kitchen of the temple) are designated as national treasures of Japan.
Mingzi Gorge
Mingzi GorgeIt is one of the best places to enjoy red leaves in northeastern Japan, and also a canyon representing the natural landscape in the north of Miyagi Prefecture.It only takes 5 minutes by bus from Mingzi Hot Spring Township, one of the three famous soups in Northeast China.
Izunuma
IzunumaKnown as the "paradise of birds", there are swans, geese, ducks and other migratory birds in winter.[44]
Baishicheng
BaishichengLocated in Baishi City, Miyagi County, also known as Yigang City, it is a branch city of the Ida family in Sendai.The important official of the Ida family, the Piancang family, has lived here for generations.Most of the buildings were demolished due to the abolishment of the city order at the beginning of the Meiji era.In 1995, Tianshou Pavilion and Dazhou Gate were restored according to historical data.[45]
akiu onsen
akiu onsen Located in the suburb of Sendai, it has a history of 1500 years and is an ancient hot spring of healing system.Qiubao Hot Spring, Mingzi Hot Spring in Miyagi County, and Iban Hot Spring in Fukushima County are collectively referred to as "Three Ancient Soup of Austria".Together with "Youma Hot Spring" in Hyogo County and "Daohou Hot Spring" in Ehime County, it is one of the three famous Japanese soups. There is an infectious Qiubao Waterfall nearby, which is a famous place to enjoy new green and red leaves.[46]
Zuo He Hot Spring
Zuo He Hot SpringLocated in the suburb of Sendai, it is a famous ancient soup in northeast China. There are two legends about the discovery by the eminent monk Xingji and Yuanlaichao.There are 48 waterfalls at the downstream, each with different sounds.
Mingzi Hot Spring Township
Mingzi Hot SpringIt is composed of five hot springs, namely Mingzi, Dongmingzi, Chuandu, Zhongshan Ping and Ghosthead.Dongmingzi Hot Spring is located in Mingzi Town, Yuzao County. In the Edo era, it was the "Royal Palace Soup" dedicated to the Sendai vassal masters.[47]
Yuanzaitian Hot Spring
Yuanzaitian Hot SpringIt is located at the eastern foot of the Tibetan King Peak, and has a history of more than 400 years[47]。
