Taibai is the first column of "Scientific Essays", which publishes several scientific essays in each issue, and combines science and literature for creation, which has promoted the popularization of scientific knowledge at that time“Popularization of literature and art”One of the practical paths of.The articles published in Taibai have important historical value for studying the formation and development of scientific essays, and also provide useful evidence for understanding the popularity of literature and art and the promotion of popular language at that time.[1]
Taibai was founded in September 1934 in Shanghai. It is a semi monthly comprehensive publication. It is edited by Chen Wangdao and sponsored by Shanghai Life Bookstore. Its address is 384 Fuzhou Road, Shanghai. Xu Boxin is the issuer.From September 1935 to the 12th issue of Volume 2, the publication was forced to stop, and a total of 24 issues of 2 volumes were published.Taibai has 11 editorial members, including Ai Hansong, Fu Donghua, Zheng Zhenduo, Zhu Ziqing, Li Liewen, Chen Wangdao, Cao Juren, Ye Shaojun, Yu Dafu, and 68 writers, including left-wing and progressive cultural figures at that time, in which Lu Xun also published many articles.[1]
The name of Taibai magazine has its special meanings. First, "Taibai" means "extreme" and "supreme". "Bai" means "vernacular". Together, it means "extremely white" and "perfectly white" vernacular, that is, more white than vernacular, aiming to promote popular language;Second, the strokes of the word "Taibai" are simple and clear, which makes it easier to read and write, making it easier to popularize magazines;Third, it has a deeper meaning, that is, "Morning Star".China traditionally calls Venus, which appears in the eastern sky before and after dawn, "Qiming" or "Taibai".It means being in the darkness before the dawn at that time, which is intended to encourage people to work hard to meet the dawn of victory.[2]
Background
Announce
edit
Taibai was first published on September 20, 1934, when the debate on popular language was actively launched.As a famous linguist, Chen Wangdao is also the main initiator of this debate. The journal has expressed support and concern for popular language.Six articles were published in the first issue.Among them, Hu Yuzhi (Hu Yuzhi)'s "How Sheep Attacks the Square Character Team", which is centuries away from the "quotation style" advocated by Lin Yutang, caused a sensation and attracted people's opinions.[3]
The magazine was founded to expose Lin, satirize and criticize the dark reality at that time, and opposeLin YutangThe "Analects of Confucius" and "The World on Earth" sponsored by others in cooperation with the Kuomintang reactionaries' cultural "encirclement and suppression" advocated the so-called "humorous" essays.[4]However, Taibai is not a specialized language publication. It just includes the debate into the general trend of thought of the new and the old, progress and backwardness, revolution and conservatism. As a wing of ideological confrontation, it does not affect the rich and colorful style of the whole publication in any way.[3]
Contents
Announce
edit
The main columns of the journal include essays, sketches, ramblings, reading secretaries, custom notes, miscellaneous examinations, literary selections, scientific sketches, etc. It aims to popularize science and promote popular culture.The content of Taibai strongly advocates science, and it is the first to use folk "hand words", "scientific essays" and other styles to express the miscellaneous feelings of dagger style.The articles in the column "Scientific Essays" cover a wide range of subjects, including natural science, philosophy, social science, etc. They cover a wide range of knowledge categories, which is of great significance for the spread of scientific knowledge.In the columns of "Reading Secretary", "Custom Chronicles" and "Random Talk", the magazine mainly published some argumentative articles and narrative articles, emphasizing literature, but also including some literature review articles.At the same time, the magazine also published some comics and woodcut works as picture materials, which can better attract readers' reading interest.[1]
In the beginning, end and body of Taibai, there are also some cultural advertisements for publishing books, newspapers and periodicals, most of which are cultural publications published by Shanghai Life Bookstore, providing some reference materials for understanding the publishing situation of Life Bookstore in the 1930s.[1]
In Taibai, the first column of "Scientific Essays" was published, and several scientific essays were published in each issue, combining science and literature for creation, which promoted the popularization of scientific knowledge at that time, and was also one of the practical paths of "literature and art popularization".The articles published in Taibai have important historical value for studying the formation and development of scientific essays, and also provide useful evidence for understanding the popularity of literature and art and the promotion of popular language at that time.[1]
Lu Xun and Taibai
Announce
edit
According to the conditions and needs of the struggle at that time, Mr. Lu Xun proposed that his name should not be listed publicly in the list of editorial members of Taibai.It was in compliance with Mr. Wang's opinion that his name was not publicly listed in the list of editorial members published in Taibai.In fact, Lu Xun not only directly participated in the editorial activities of Taibai, but also was the main contributor of the magazine.Due to the restrictions and persecution of the Kuomintang reactionaries, the semimonthly magazine Taibai only published two volumes and twenty-four issues, and Lu Xun wrote twenty-five articles for Taibai.It can be seen that Lu Xun actively cared for and supported the editing and publishing of Taibai from beginning to end.[4]
Main impacts
Announce
edit
After the failure of the Great Revolution, in the dark days when the Kuomintang reactionaries carried out the cultural "encirclement", Chen Wangdao organized a special team against the cultural "encirclement", which is the popular language movement and Taibai, which he edited.The popular language movement was mainly to resist the counter current of the restoration of classical Chinese at that time, and also opened the way for the Latinized New Character Movement later.Taibai gives a powerful blow to the reactionary thought of comprador bourgeoisie, such as Hu Shi and Lin Yutang.It was during this period that Chen Wangdao and Lu Xun played the role of spearheading the battle on the same front.In the struggle between "cultural encirclement" and "anti encirclement" in the 1930s, the Kuomintang reactionaries finally "lost out", and the people's consciousness has also been greatly improved.[2]
