Scorpio X-1It is located in Scorpio, about 9000 awayLight yearOne ofX-raySource.Scorpio X-1 is the first X-ray source found outside the solar system, and is the strongest X-ray source in the sky outside the sun.The flux of this X-ray source changes every day, and is associated with the optical variable V818 Scorpius, whose apparent magnitude varies between 12-13 degrees.
Scorpio X-1 was founded in 1962MassachusettsCambridgeU.S.AscientistRicardo GiacconiThe team under the leadership found that he was in the 150th sounding rocketAir bee rocketAn X-ray detector was installed to look for X-ray from the moon.Instead, Scorpio X-1 becomessolar systemThe first X-ray source found outside.initialAngular resolutionThe accuracy of the detector is not enough to determine the position of Scorpio X-1, which leads to the suggestion that the position of this source may beGalactic center, but it is finally confirmed that it is located in Scorpio.As the first X-ray source of Scorpio's internal hair line, it is named Scorpio X-1.
The 150 air bee rocket launched on June 12, 1962 detected another X-ray source (Scorpius X-1) on the celestial sphere for the first time, located at 1615 of the right ascension of the 1950 minute coordinate, declination=- 15.2 °.
。Scorpio X-1 is an LMXB, and the corresponding object in visible light is V818 Scorpio.
Although the aforementioned reference indicates that the rocket launch date is June 12, 1962, other sources indicate that the actual launch date is June 19, 1962.
Historical footnote: "This instrument is designed to detect X-rays from the moon, so it is not equipped with a collimator to limit the field of view. In this way, the source of the signal is very wide, and it is impossible to accurately confirm the position and size of the signal.In October 1962, when the center of the Milky Way was below the horizon, a similar experiment was carried out, and this strong radiation source did not exist.In June 1963, a third attempt was made to verify the results of the flight in June 1962."Galactic centerOfRight ascensionandDeclinationThe distance to Scorpio X-1 is less than 20 °, but in the flight in June 1962, when the separation radian of the two X-ray sources was about 20 °, it could not be distinguished.
In 1967 (foundPulsarBefore),Joseph ShklovskyThe study of X-ray and optical observation gave the correct conclusion to Scorpio X-1: the radiation comes from the companion star andneutron starSymbiotic substances.
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Its X-ray output is 2.3 × 10thirty-oneW，About 60000 times the total brightness of the sun.Scorpio X-1the magnitudeThe intensity change reaches 1 magnitude, and the cycle is about 18.9 hours, showing regular changes.However, the changes in optical wavelength are irregular, but these changes have nothing to do with the changes in X-ray.Scorpio X-1 shows oneneutron star, its strong gravity will attract the material of the companion star away from itsAccretion diskAnd eventually they will fall on the surface, releasing huge energy.As the matter of the star is accelerated into the gravitational field of X-1 Scorpius, it will emit X-rays.Measuring the photometric change of Scorpio X-1 is consistent with the neutron star accumulation massEddington limit。
This system is classified asLow-quality X-ray binaryThe mass of the neutron star is about 1.4Solar massThe companion star supplying material has only 0.42 solar mass.These two stars may not have been born at the same time. Recent research suggests that this pair of conjoined stars isGlobular clusterIt is formed due to close encounter.
