Many famous astronomical discoveries in the 20th century were first published in this journal, and also published some important research reports in recent years, such as quasars, pulsars, neutron stars, black holes, solar and interstellar magnetic fields, X-rays, and interstellar matter. This journal was founded by George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler in 1895.
Since 1953, the bimonthly supplement series of the Astrophysical Journal has been issued simultaneously with the Astrophysical Journal since 1953. The supplement is mainly issued to provide substantial and expanded support for the articles in the Astrophysical Journal, and the contents of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement series contain many articles frequently cited in astronomical literature.