Dance, literature, music, drama or other art forms whose main purpose is to be accepted and appreciated by the public as far as possible
Popular art is a dance, literature, music, drama or other art form whose main purpose is to be accepted and appreciated by the public as much as possible.
In the 20th century, popular art usually relied on reproduction technologies such as printing, photography, records, tapes, films, radio, television, and so on, and targeted a large number of concentrated populations in societies where urban culture dominated.Popular art is generally narrative.It strengthens the beliefs and feelings of the masses, maintains their customs and habits, and creates social collective identity.It is characterized by rapid changes in style, multiple forms of content, and constant absorption of nutrition from aristocratic art, folk art, and foreign artradio broadcast、television、novel、danceAnd many other popular cultural activities, objects, trends, fashions and other aspects of the use of modern technology.You can have many choices.
With the rapid development of science and technology and mass media, urbanization, industrialization and technicalization have led to a surge of popular art.The creation concept, reading concept and art concept have undergone eye stopping changes, and the public art is born beside the elite art.Mass art is an art that takes the mass media as the main carrier, makes full use of modern technology, integrates sound, light, color and wave, takes entertainment and marketability as its prominent characteristics, and takes the public as the consumer.
Characteristics of Popular Art
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Popular art has become an indispensable part of people's daily life, and people can go boating freely in the lake of entertainment.You can also get entertainment from elite art and mainstream art. In order to get entertainment, why do so many people prefer to be close to popular art?This is determined by the entertaining characteristics of popular art.
the entire nation
From the perspective of economic profit principle, popular art strives to popularize the public, let more people get close to it and like it, so as to realize its economic requirements.From the perspective of the receiver, this kind of entertainment is also required to be popular. As the name implies, popular art is an art centered on the masses, and the principle of "customer first" in business runs through it naturally;From the perspective of authors and publishers, they must produce marketable products. According to the requirements of the market, their literary and artistic works must focus on entertainment and try to meet the requirements of consumers.Only in this way can his works survive widely.Authors and publishers can only realize themselves if they satisfy the public. They demand that public art is the whole people, and that pleasure is the whole people.
Diversity
People are different from each other. There are hundreds of red flowers.Everyone has his own hobbies, which are different from each other. Different people often have different new interests in the same art. Some people like martial arts novels, while others like romantic novels. As far as martial arts novels are concerned, different people like different styles.Popular art is an art centered on commerce. It should have a certain consumption orientation in the market and its unique selling points. In this way, the entertainment it contains should follow this principle. Therefore, its entertainment is diversified.This diversity is manifested in the diversity of the content of the works;Or the diversity of ways of expression;Or various ways of obtaining;Or the diversity of levels.
Duality
Because this kind of entertainment is only in the art world, it is unrealistic.The negative function of the art world to reality tells a fact: you are entertaining, but not true. Your sense of balance and pressure disappear temporarily. Once you return to reality, everything will come back.In other words, popular art is to use this temporary, illusory and unrealistic happiness to affirm the imbalance and depression of real life.While satisfying, it also explains its unsatisfaction.When denying the happiness of the real world, this kind of happiness in the art world also accumulates strength and prepares energy for the boring work to be carried out, and affirms the rationality of reality with his unique "savings" and "preparation".This has found a reasonable thing for the coexistence of people's lives in the two worlds.
Popular artentertainmentIt is public, and it should meet its own commercial requirements while meeting the requirements of the whole people.People's appreciation requirements are diverse. As mentioned above, everyone has different psychological structure, knowledge structure, personality and growth experience. In the appreciation of popular art, the audience interprets different texts with their own feelings and intentions, and gets close to different objects to get entertainment.Therefore, the entertainment of popular art brings together people with the same interests and separates people with different interests.The duality of mass art entertainment is also reflected in the non utilitarian nature of the creators when creating and the utilitarian nature of the operators of mass art.
Shallow reservoir
Mass art is an alternative art: for consumers, mass art is the spice of life, which is to make life easy and colorful.According to the "popular" characteristics of popular art, its entertainment implication should be shallow rather than deep.As the social division of labor becomes more and more detailed and professional, people's understanding of other fields tends to be general. Therefore, for the public, their artistic literacy is uneven or generally low.Their approach to popular art is not to find the deep foundation of life, but mainly to obtain perceptual pleasure.To activate the boring real world from the perceptual world, they hope to obtain happiness easily without complex mental efforts, and reject hard thinking.
However, the existing high-tech and media are meeting this requirement of mass art, making the artistic image more perceptual and intuitive through sound and image, and making artworks reach consumers in batches through reproduction technology. This reproduction technology is echoing the shallow nature from afar.
Newness
The entertainment of popular art has a certain timeliness, which is obviously different from the entertainment of traditional culture and elite culture. Traditional culture is a kind of historical culture, which stresses the historical origin and profound social foundation. Its entertainment is also related to the deep-rooted spiritual culture that permeates people's minds in the flowing history. Traditional culture is a national culture,It represents a nation, which has considerable stability and is not easy to change. Naturally, the entertainment based on it also has certain stability.People's culture enters people's life through mass media and some activities, and it is also linked to commercial profits. It is a fashion culture, and its entertainment will inevitably change with people's changing tastes. In society, various cultural crazes are examples, and the more fashionable, the more popular.
Popular dance
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Country dance
Popular Art
Conducted in public or private occasions purely for the enjoyment of participantsdanceWhich is called public dance orSocial dance。This dance existed in community and family gatherings as early as 3000 years ago.The dance of dancers in a circle or in line gradually developed into chain dance.Since the Middle Ages, there has been a growing difference between rural dance and elegant court dance. The former was later preserved in the form of folk tradition, while the latter has been influencing the development of social entertainment since the industrial revolution.sixteenth centuryEuropean RenaissanceIn the palace social circle in summer, solemn Pafan dance and lively Galliad dance were popular.At that time, these dances were performed by a pair of dancing partners standing side by side, using swinging movements, single foot jumps and complex jumping steps.In the 17th century, Louis XIV's court had the melody of new dance for the first time.Minuet and gavotte were introduced into britain.Cotillon was originally a lively and rhythmic French court square dance, popular in the late 18th century.Its dance method is that four pairs of dance partners stand in a square facing inward, and two pairs of dance partners alternately jump out of different geometric figures.
waltz
Waltz has been popular for a century, from 1816, when the British Regent approved it, tothe First World WarUp to now, the dance is performed by a pair of dance partners using the "step slip step" footwork as the melody.It originates from Central EuropeNapoleonic Wars During this period, it was popular in Vienna and Paris. Finally, the whole Western Europe adopted this dance step, and it was also allowed by social norms for men to openly embrace women when dancing.In the 1920s, "face to face" dancing became popular.Such as the turkey dance, the rabbit dance and the Maxix dancers, the Castle couple, became popular.The tango was accepted by tea dancing customers only after the more erotic elements were eliminated. Charleston dance is the epitome of the jazz age.Dance competitions began when the fast step and slow fox trot appeared, which is enough to reflect that dancing has become a popular pastime.Marathon style dancing was popular during the Great Depression in the United States, which was a terrible satire on pleasure. The contestants struggled to become the last pair of winners who did not fall.As it is increasingly difficult to maintain large residences with dance halls, private dances are relatively reduced. It is fashionable to dance in hotels, nightclubs, restaurants and any place with a spacious dance floor.
American dance
In the late 1930s, early 1940s andthe Second World WarDuring this period, with a large number of population movements, the influence of American culture was spread.Swing dance, jitba dance and many similar dance steps were basically improvised American dances, usually created by black people, before they were introduced into Europe.In the 1950s, Latin rhythms were mainly used in popular dance, including rumba, samba and cha cha.Generally speaking, since the beginning of the twist dance around 1960, the popular dance of young people has tended to be solo.The racial music of white and black created soul dance and reggae dance, and the partners were not touching.In the late 1970s and early 1980s, discotheques replaced the old style dance halls.There are many dance styles in disco dance, but the mass dance has become an improvised and eclectic dance in essence.
Popular literature
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Popular literature
It includes works written for the masses, works that please the readers and works from the masses.Its basic difference from art and literature is that it aims to make people happy.Generally speaking, it does not seek high formal beauty or delicacy like high-level literature, nor does it seek permanence.The growth of popular literature is parallel to the popularization of education, and it also benefits from the development of printing technology.Literary works were originally intended for a few well-educated upper class people, but with the industrial revolution, many strata in a country, even most people, can access literary works.The boundary between art literature and popular literature is vague. According to the current popular preference and the future measurement standard, there is often mutual displacement between the two literary categories.Shakespeare was once regarded as a popular writer when he was alive, but now he is respected as the creator of art and literature.Indeed, the main way to define whether a work is popular literature (but not an invariable method) is to see whether it is fleeting, that is, whether it will lose its significance of attraction with the passage of time.Since the Middle Ages, the most important type of popular literature has always been romantic love stories. The most famous model is to describe the obstacles encountered by two people (usually young people) who should not fall in love.Another common type is fantasy or science fiction.Western novels set in the western frontier of the United States in the 19th century are also very popular.In addition, mysterious murder stories or detective stories are also popular literature with a broad readership.Popular literature also gradually includes comic books and comic books.
Popular music
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New music style
New music style
Andfolk musicDifferent, it is written by famous individuals (usually professionals)musicIt does not go through the evolution process of oral transmission.Since the 1950s, western "pop" music has become a musical form that specifically refers to expanding the volume from electronic instruments, and rock music has been transformed into music that often changes its style.From a historical point of view, popular music refers to any popular non folk music, which can include songs sung by medieval wandering artists and bards, as well as exquisite art music that was originally written by a few upper class people but later spread widely.After the industrial revolution, most of the true folk music has disappeared,Victorian PeriodAnd popular music in the early 20th century refers to the music of dance halls and vaudeville performances, which were later replaced by the songs of stage musicals.In the past 100 years, western popular music has been dominated by the development of American popular music, especially African American music. African Americans have integrated African folk music and rhythm into the most important new style jazz in the 20th century.
Swing music
In the late 1930s, the swing music style of large orchestras dominated the trap record market.In the 1940s, the singers in the orchestra attracted attention because of the development of the singing method of light humming.At the same time, the music blues unique to African Americans are also changing;Southern black singers went to industrial cities in the north to find jobs, so their music changed into urban blues or rhythm blues with a rough style.In the 1940s, the Blues Orchestra, which rose in Chicago, used amplified electric guitars, often accompanied by bass electric guitars and drums. These instruments were later adopted by many rock bands.
White Village
The white country music developed at the same time with these black music styles is a kind of dance music and narrative custom, which is partly taken from Anglo Celtic folk songs of European white immigrants.Country music is sometimes influenced by black jazz. In the 1950s, country singers combined their music with black rhythm and blues to create "country rock".Rock and roll began in the 1950s. They changed the slow and powerful rhythm and melancholy singing method of urban blues into a fast beat and a tune with strong emotion.In the 1960s, it became a more complex form of rock music with various styles, including gentle harmony songs (lyric rock) and popular black folk songs (soul songs) influenced by gospel spirituals.British rock music became influential in the 1960s, and solo singing became a pop band performance with four or five people.At first, these bands imitated the rhythm and blues style of black people, but later they developed their own more experimental music style, which was also popular in the United States.In the 1960s and 1970s, rock music gradually gained recognition and respect from the intellectual world, partly thanks to the most influential Beatles at that time.
Popular Drama
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Popular Drama
The term "popular drama" refers to various traditional live performances, such as song and dance hall performances, song and dance variety shows, low-level song and dance performances, relaxed song and dance dramasCurrent affairs satireCircus, musical comedy, song and dance performances, etc. It is different from the formal, high-level artistic drama.Singers, dancers, comedians, clowns, puppet performers, stuntmen, acrobats, magicians and ventriloquists in popular dramas are the majority of members of the "performing arts career".Music, action and humor have always been popular dramas that use sex, exaggerated action or acrobatics.The traditional British cabaret performance is essentially the same as the variety show. The former originated from the working-class beer shop, but later became the standard entertainment of all walks of life.As for current affairs satire andSong and dance variety showThe first show is to perform various short programs, including singing and dancing of sentimental songs and patriotic songs, single comic, magic, stunts, acrobatics and other performances.Humor can distort the facts, which can be more vulgar in laughter or sarcasm in stand alone crosstalk.The roar of laughter caused by humor is the effect that all dramas seek.The greatest playwrights can integrate laughter and tears into their interpretation of life.Sometimes, popular performers try to express a broader interpretation, so as to communicate between popular drama and fine art.Chaplin and Keaton are outstanding representatives.No matter in the splendid concert hall, playing with a large orchestra, or in a crowded bar, playing with a single upright piano, music has always been a way of communication that is highly valued in popular drama. It not only strengthens the suspense of doubt, but also enables performers and audience to live in an environment that does not require reality but mutual communication.Musical comedy is derived from a variety of different music, drama and dance styles. It can be traced back to Elizabethan playwrights who used simple folk songs to strengthen narrative, and also through Vienna operettas and English Gilbert and Sullivan's comic operas.In the 20th century, when popular Broadway musicals and dance dramas continued to be launched, these dramas once again flourished in the United States. Naturally, they had some Americanization.
