Protein biosynthesis is based on the participation of more than 200 biological macromoleculesDeoxyribonucleic acidGenetic information code on (DNA)“translate”To form proteins with various biological functions. In this complex process, whether in prokaryotes or eukaryotes, all protein synthesis is proved to be inribosome(ribosomes).The ribosome itself is compounded by a variety of biological macromolecules, but it is mainly composed ofRibonucleic acid(RNA) andproteinIt is composed of two parts, with molecular weight between 115.9 × 105 and 250.4 × 105.The basic reaction of the whole "translation" process is completed by messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosome and transfer RNA（tRNA）The results of the interaction between the.However, in this efficient translation process, the ribosomes on the mRNA chain are often not one, but two or more ribosomes are involved in translating the codes on the mRNA into proteins.Usually, the bead like complex of multiple isolated ribosomes (with the part of the protein that has been synthesized) along the mRNA chain is called a polyriboribosome.This complex can be seen under the electron microscope (magnified more than 110000 times).
