The mural art group is located inIberian PeninsulaEasternMediterranean basin These art murals are painted on rocks and rock walls, which are unique in artistry and humanity and have been listed in the World Heritage List.
English name: Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin on the Iberian Peninsula
No.: 551-028
In 1998, according to the selection criteria C (III) of cultural heritage, it was listed in the World Heritage List and was rated as a heritage: the report of the 22nd session of the World Heritage Committee.
The late prehistoric mural art sites in the Mediterranean Basin of the Iberian Peninsula form a unique large-scale mural group.The way of life when human development was in a critical state was vividly depicted in the murals.These murals are unique in terms of style and theme.
Cultural relics
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There are a lot of prehistoric cultural relics in the Mediterranean Basin in the east of Iberia Peninsula.Since 1879, the Altamira Caves in Santander, SpainPaleolithic AgeSince the discovery of the murals, many prehistoric stone age murals have been found in Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, Murcia, Andalusia and Castile Raman Que areas, almost distributed in half of the Iberian Peninsula. In 1998, they wereUNESCOIt is named as human heritage.
Some of these wall (rock) paintings are painted on the rocks in the open air, and more often on the rock walls of caves.The murals are rich in content, rich in changes in form and diverse in color, vividly representing the living scene and artistic imagination of prehistoric human beings (from gathering, hunting to planting and domestication).After a lot of research, archaeologists divided these murals into three categories according to the artistic style and time: Paleolithic murals, Mediterranean coastal murals and sketch murals.
Paleolithic AgeMurals refer to those hidden in the depths of caves and dark without light. They are works from about 40000 BC to 10000 BC.these ones heremuralThere are different colors, mainly black, red and ochre;There is no human image in the picture, and the themes are all natural animals, such as cattle, bison, wild boar, wild horse, deer, bear, etc. There are individuals and groups;These images not only have obvious outlines, but the whole picture is filled with colors.In addition, there are some abstract symbols and images of human hands, but we still do not know what they represent.Altamira Cave is a famous representative of the Paleolithic murals, and it can also be seen in Elcastillo and Vontede Gomer in France.
As for the murals along the Mediterranean coast, their textual research dates from about 6000 BC to 4000 BC. They were all in caves that were not very deep, and the light was easier to reach.The pictures are mostly single or group animals, such as deer, ruminants, etc., with their sides, horns and hooves facing forward.Human images often appear in paintings, and there are many scenes of hunting, dancing, fighting, domestication, honey gathering, planting, etc.These murals can be seen in the Mediterranean coastal area of Spain, and the representative ones are the caves in Cogul and Bartota.
The sketched murals are relics of the late Bronze Age from about 4000 BC to 1000 BC.One part of the murals seems to be the natural development and simplification of the murals along the Mediterranean coast, while the other part is a branch developed independently.Their common feature is that the picture form is often simple, and some are difficult to recognize.There are scenes of quadruped and human activities (even people with bows and arrows) in the picture, but the typical ones are those abstract symbols: dot shaped, branch shaped, toe shaped images, and so on.These murals are simple but full of vitality. Some experts believe that this is an important step in the abstraction of early human art.
