Foundation bolt

A fastener

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This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" to examine.

When the mechanical components are installed on the concrete foundation, the J-shaped and L-shaped ends of the bolts shall be embedded in the concrete for use.

The tensile capacity of the anchor bolt is the tensile capacity of the round steel itself, which is equal to the section area multiplied by the allowable stress value (Q235B: 140MPa, 16Mn or Q345:170MPA).

The foundation bolt is generally Q235 steel, that is, smooth round. The strength of deformed steel bar (Q345) is high, and it is not easy to make the screw thread of nut as smooth as round. For smooth round anchor bolts, the burial depth is generally 25 times its diameter, and then make a 90 degree hook about 120mm long. If the bolt diameter is large (such as 45mm) and the burial depth is too deep, square plates can be welded at the end of the bolt, that is, a big head can be made (but there are certain requirements). The buried depth and hook are to ensure the friction between the bolt and the foundation, so as not to pull out the bolt.

Chinese name: Foundation bolt

Foreign name: foundation bolt
Alias: Anchor bolt 、 Foundation screw 、 Anchor wire

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classification

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Anchor bolts can be divided into fixed anchor bolts, movable anchor bolts, anchor expansion anchor bolts and adhesive anchor bolts. According to different shapes, it can be divided into: L-shaped embedded bolt, 9-shaped embedded bolt, U-shaped embedded bolt, welding embedded bolt, and baseplate embedded bolt.^[1]

purpose

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1. Fixed anchor bolts, also called short anchor bolts, are poured together with the foundation to fix equipment without strong vibration and impact.

2. Movable anchor bolt, also known as long anchor bolt, is a removable anchor bolt used to fix heavy machinery with strong vibration and impact.

3. Anchor expansion anchor bolts are often used to fix stationary simple equipment or auxiliary equipment. The installation of expansion anchor anchor bolts shall meet the following requirements: the distance from the bolt center to the foundation edge shall not be less than 7 times the diameter of the expansion anchor anchor bolts; The foundation strength for installing expansion anchor anchor bolts shall not be less than 10MPa; There shall be no cracks at the drill hole, and attention shall be paid to prevent the drill bit from colliding with the rebar and buried pipe in the foundation; The diameter and depth of the drill hole shall match the anchor bolt of the expansion anchor.

4. Bonding anchor bolt is a kind of anchor bolt commonly used in recent years, and its method and requirements are the same as expanding anchor bolt. However, during bonding, the sundries in the hole shall be blown away and shall not be affected with damp.^[1]

Anchor bolt

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It is also called stiffening anchor plate anchor bolt, welding anchor bolt, anchor claw anchor bolt, rib plate anchor bolt, anchor bolt, anchor screw, anchor wire, etc. It is specially used for burying in concrete foundation to fix the base of various machines and equipment. The 7-shaped anchor bolt is one of the most commonly used anchor bolts. Generally, it is made of Q235 steel, and Q345B or 16Mn materials are used for processing high strength products. 40Cr materials are also used for processing products with 8.8 strength, and occasionally secondary or tertiary deformed steel bars are used for processing. The foundation bolts can be divided into different forms, such as raw materials, thick rods and thin rods. Raw material, i.e. raw steel, is processed directly from round steel or wire rod without modification; The thick rod, or type A, and the thin rod, or type B, are processed after the steel is changed into the corresponding required rod diameter. Welded anchor bolts are made by welding stiffening iron plates with single head bolts. Its drawing resistance is strong. According to different use conditions, it can reach 3.6, 4.8, 6.8, 8.8 and other levels. The tensile capacity of grade 3.6 7-shaped anchor bolt is the tensile capacity of steel itself. The tensile capacity of Q345B or 16Mn anchor bolts directly processed with raw materials can reach the tensile strength of 5.8. For the tensile strength of Grade 4.8, 5.8, 6.8 and 8.8, refer to the provisions on mechanical properties in GB/T3098.1.^[2]

Installation method

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1. One time embedding method: when pouring concrete, the foundation bolt shall be embedded. When the high tower is controlled by overturning, the anchor bolt should be embedded once.

2. Reserved hole method: the equipment is in place, the hole is cleaned, the anchor bolt is placed in the hole, and after the equipment is positioned and aligned, the non shrinkage fine aggregate concrete one level higher than the original foundation is used for pouring, and tamping is dense. The distance between the center of the anchor bolt embedded at one time and the foundation edge shall not be less than 2d (d is the diameter of the anchor bolt), and shall not be less than 15mm (not less than 10mm when d ≤ 20), and shall not be less than half of the width of the anchor plate plus 50mm. When the above requirements cannot be met, appropriate measures shall be taken to strengthen it. The diameter of anchor bolt used for structure shall not be less than 20mm. When subjected to seismic action, double nuts shall be used for fixation, or other effective measures shall be taken to prevent looseness. However, the anchoring length of anchor bolts shall be 5d longer than the anchoring length under non seismic action.

Installation planning of foundation bolts Treatment of foundation bolt looseness in the foundation When the foundation bolt is nearly tightened, the bolt may be pulled out. At this time, the bolt should be adjusted to the original position first, and the foundation around the bolt should be shoveled out of sufficient position, then two vertical and horizontal U-shaped rebars should be welded on the bolt, and finally the pit should be cleaned and grouted with water, After the concrete has solidified to the design strength, tighten the live anchor bolt deviation treatment method. The live anchor bolt deviation treatment method is roughly the same as the dead anchor bolt, except that the anchor bolt can be pulled out for treatment. If the bolt is too long, a section can be cut off on the machine tool and then threaded; If the bolt is too short, it can be extended by hot forging; If the position is inconsistent, the bending method shall be used for correction.

Application industry: applicable to various equipment fixation, embedded parts of steel structure foundation, street lights, traffic signs, pump, boiler installation, embedded and fixed heavy equipment, etc.^[2]

Weight table

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*Weight calculation of foundation bolt

Bolt GB5782-86 GB5783-86	weight （Kg）	Weight increase/decrease for every 5mm increase/decrease	Nut GB6172-86		weight （Kg）			Nut GB41-86 GB6170-86		weight （Kg）
M10×10	zero point zero two four	zero point zero zero three	M8×4		zero point zero zero five			M8×6.8		zero point zero zero six
M12×10	zero point zero three nine	zero point zero zero four	M10×5		zero point zero zero eight			M10×8.4		zero point zero one one
M16×10	zero point zero five seven	zero point zero zero eight	M12×6		zero point zero one one			M12×10.8		zero point zero one six
M20×10	zero point one one two	zero point zero one two	M16×8		zero point zero one nine			M16×14.8		zero point zero three four
M24×10	zero point one seven one	zero point zero one eight	M20×10		zero point zero three four			M20×18		zero point zero six two
M30×10	zero point three one seven	zero point zero two eight	M24×12		zero point zero five five			M24×21.5		zero point one one two
M36×10	zero point five two six	zero point zero four	M30×15		zero point one one			M30×25.6		zero point two three four
M42×10	zero point eight one six	zero point zero five four	M36×18		zero point one eight			M36×31		zero point three seven one
M48×10	zero point seven three seven	zero point zero seven	M42	M48	zero point two nine four		zero point four four six	M42	M48	zero point five nine nine	zero point nine five seven
Foundation bolt GB799-88			Washer GB852-88 square bevel washer for I-beam					Washer GB853-88 Square bevel washer for channel steel
M20×300	zero point eight five four		10×3.9		zero point zero one two			10×3.1		zero point zero zero nine
M20×400	one point zero six		12×4.4		zero point zero one nine			12×3.4		zero point zero one seven
M20×500	one point two seven		16×4.9		zero point zero three eight			16×3.7		zero point zero two three
M20×630	one point five four		20×6.4		zero point zero six four			20×5		zero point zero four seven
			24×7.2		zero point one zero nine			24×5.5		zero point zero eight four
M24×300	one point two three		30×8		zero point one seven four			30×6		zero point one three
M24×400	one point five three		36×8.9		zero point two five nine			36×6.5		zero point one nine
M24×500	one point eight three		Washer GB93-87					Split pin GB91-86
M24×630	two point two two		8×5.3		zero point zero zero two			1×100		zero point zero zero zero seven
M24×800	two point seven three		10×6.5		zero point zero zero three			1.6×100		zero point zero zero one six
			12×7.8		zero point zero zero four six			2×100		zero point zero zero three three
M30×400	two point six eight		16×10.3		zero point zero zero seven eight			2.5×100		zero point zero zero five
M30×500	three point one five		20×12.5		zero point zero one five			3.2×100		zero point zero zero five four
M30×630	three point seven seven		24×15		zero point zero two six			4×100		zero point zero one
M30×800	four point five seven		30×18.8		zero point zero three eight			5×100		zero point zero one seven
M30×1000	five point five two		36×22.5		zero point zero five two			6.3×100		zero point zero two three
			42×26.3		zero point zero seven nine			8×100		zero point zero four one
M36×500	four point nine three		48×30		zero point one one four			10×100		zero point zero six nine
M36×630	five point eight three							12×100		zero point one zero five
M36×800	seven		Pin shaft GB882-86					Pin shaft GB882-86
M36×1000	eight point three seven		8×100 L-4 φ3.2			zero point zero four three		25×100L-6 φ6.3			zero point four one two
			10×100L-4φ3.2			zero point zero six four		28×100L-7 φ6.3			zero point five one seven
M42×630	seven point nine seven		12×100L-5 φ4			zero point zero nine three		30×100L-7 φ6.3			zero point five nine three
M42×800	nine point five seven		14×100L-5 φ4			zero point one two four		32×100L-7 φ6.3			zero point six eight three
M42×1000	eleven point four six		16×100L-5 φ4			zero point one six six		36×100L-10 φ8			zero point eight six two
M42×1250	thirteen point eight seven		18×100L-5 φ5			zero point two zero five		40×100L-10 φ8			one point zero six seven
			20×100L-6 φ5			zero point two five seven		45×100L-10 φ8			one point three six five
M48×630	ten point nine three		22×100L-6 φ5			zero point three one four		55×100L-12φ10			two point zero four three
M48×800	thirteen point zero three		50×100L-12φ10			one point six six three		60×100L-12φ10			two point four seven
M48×1000	fifteen point five		Washer GB97.1-85 GB97.2-85 (D × H)
M48×1250	eighteen point five eight		12×2.5			zero point zero zero five		24×4			zero point zero three three
M48×1500	twenty-one point six seven		16×3			zero point zero one one		30×4			zero point zero five
			20×3			zero point zero one		36×5			zero point zero eight seven

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