The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was established in 1906. It is the earliest international electrotechnical standardization organization in the world, responsible forelectrical engineeringandElectronic EngineeringInternational standardization work in the field.The headquarters of the International Electrotechnical Commission was originally located inLondon, moved toGenevaThe current headquarters of.At the six International Electrotechnical Conferences held from 1887 to 1900, the participating experts agreed that it was necessary to establish a permanent international electrotechnical standardization organization to solve the problems of electrical safety and standardization of electrical products.In 1904, the International Electrotechnical Conference held in St. Louis, the United States, passed a resolution on the establishment of permanent institutions.In June 1906, representatives of 13 countries gathered in London to draft the IEC regulations and rules of procedure, and formally established the International Electrotechnical Commission.It was incorporated into the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as an electrical department in 1947, and separated from ISO in 1976.The purpose is to promote international cooperation on all issues (such as conformity assessment of standards) related to electrotechnical standardization in electrotechnical, electronic and related technical fields.The objectives of the committee are: to effectively meet the needs of the global market;Ensure that its standards and conformity assessment plans are prioritized and used to the greatest extent globally;Evaluate and improve the product quality and service quality involved in its standards;Create conditions for common use of complex systems;Improve the effectiveness of the industrialization process;Improve human health and safety;protect the environment。
From October 22 to 26, 2018, the 82nd General Conference of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)the republic of koreaBusanConvening.Chairman of State GridShu YinbiaoElected Chairman of the International Electrotechnical Commission[1]The term of office is from 2020 to 2022.From October 14 to 25, 2019, the 83rd IEC Conference will be held in ChinaShanghaiConvening.[2]In March 2023, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) officially issued a new standard in the field of optical fiber.[11]
IEC was founded in 1906,[3]Its members cover 173 countries,[1]There are 86 members from official countries and 87 members from liaison countries.[4]
Organization Introduction
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Purpose of the organization
International Electrotechnical Commission
The purpose of IEC is to promoteelectrical、Electronic EngineeringInternational cooperation on standardization and related issues in the field, and enhance international mutual understanding.For this purpose, IEC publications includeinternational standardAnd hopes that members can use these standards in their national standardization work if their national conditions permit.In the past 20 years, the work field and organization scale of IEC have developed considerably.Today, the number of IEC members has increased from 35 in 1960 to 173[5], covering 99% of the world's population[6]。At present, the working field of IEC has expanded from the mere study of electrical equipment, motor terminology and power to electronics, power, microelectronics and their applications, communications, audiovisual, robotics, information technology, new medical devices and nuclear instruments, and other aspects of electrical technology.IEC StandardsIt has involved 35% of the products in the world market, and by the end of this century, the number will reach 50%.
Institutional standards
The authority of IEC standards is universally recognized.IEC holds more than one hundred international standards conferences every year around the world, and nearly 100000 experts from all countries are participating in the development and revision of IEC standards.IEC has 100 technical committees (TC);107 sub technical committees (SCs).IEC standards are increasing rapidly. In 1963, there were only 120 standards. By the end of December 2018, IEC had formulated and issued 10771 international standards.[7]
China joined IEC in 1957 and changed toState Bureau of Technical SupervisionTo participate in the work of IEC in the name of the National Standardization Administration of China.China is a P member of more than 99% of technical committees and sub committees of IEC.Today, China is a permanent member of IEC Board of Directors (CB), Standardization Administration (SMB) and Conformity Assessment Bureau (CAB).On October 28, 2011, at the 75th International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) General Meeting held in Australia, China formally passed the resolution that China should become a permanent member of IEC.At present, the permanent members of IEC are China, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Organization
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councilIt is the highest authority and legislative body of IEC, and the general meeting of the Commission. It is composed of the chairman of the Commission, IEC officials such as the chairman, vice chairman, treasurer and secretary-general of IEC, all previous chairmen, and members of the IEC Board of Directors.At least one meeting shall be held every year.
Organization chart of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
At present, there are 53member state, known as the IEC National Committee, each country can only have one institution as its member.Each member country is a member of the Council. The Council meeting is held once a year, called the IEC annual meeting, and it is held in each member country in turn.The Executive Committee handles the matters assigned by the Council.On October 28, 2011, the 75th International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) General Meeting held in Australia formally passed the resolution that China should become a permanent member of IEC.At present, IECPermanent membersChina, France, Germany, Japan, Britain and the United States.
organization structure
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Board of Directors (CB)
The Board of Directors is the highest decision-making body in charge of IEC work. It is responsible for proposing and implementing the policies formulated by the Board of Directors, approving the meeting schedule and preparing documents of the Board of Directors, and receiving and reviewing reports from the Standardization Administration, the Conformity Assessment Bureau and the Market Strategy Bureau.If necessary, an advisory body may be established, and the chairman and members of the advisory body may be designated.[8]
Standardization Administration (SMB)
Be responsible for managing IEC standard work, including establishing and dismissing IEC technical committees or subcommittees, and approving their work scope;To establish the chairpersons and secretariats of technical committees or subcommittees;Allocate standard work and supervise the preparation and revision schedule of standard projects;Approve and maintain the ISO/IEC Guidelines;Deliberate and approve the needs and plans in the field of new technology work;Maintain liaison with other international organizations.[8]
It has an Advisory Committee (AC) and a Strategy Group (SG).
Market Strategy Bureau (MSB)
Determine the technical development trend and market demand in the field of IEC activities, and report to the IEC Board of Directors;Develop strategies to maximize investment in major markets;Establish priority areas for IEC technology and conformity assessment work to promote IEC to respond to the needs of innovative and rapidly developing markets.
Conformity Assessment Bureau (CAB)
decision-making body, responsible for setting IEC conformity assessment policy;Promote and maintain the relationship between IEC and other international organizations in conformity assessment matters;Create, adjust and dissolve the conformity assessment system;Tracking and implementationConformity assessmentActivities;Check the continuous relevance of IEC conformity assessment activities, etc.
Executive Committee (ExCo)
It is composed of the chairman, vice chairman, treasurer and secretary-general of IEC and is responsible for reporting IEC to the Board of DirectorscouncilAnd the implementation of the resolutions of the Board of Directors, and supervise the work of all IEC central offices through the Secretary General and CEO.
Technical Committee (TC)
Technical organization responsible for the preparation and revision of standards
Central Office (CO)
Supervise the implementation of IEC regulations, technical rules, technical work guidelines and resolutions of the Council and the Board of Directors.
Secretariat of the Committee on Sustainable Electrified Transport Systems
On March 26, 2024, the inaugural meeting of the secretariat of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Commission on Sustainable Electrified Transport Systems was held in Beijing.
Serve all members to jointly build the international standard system;Based on China's industrial and technological advantages in the field of sustainable electrified transportation, support all parties in China to make joint efforts to contribute Chinese wisdom;We should take the responsibility of the IEC system committee secretariat as a new starting point and make new contributions to the international leap of standards in the energy field.[12]
IEC and ISO
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International Electrotechnical Commission
What IEC and ISO have in common: they use common technical work guidelines and follow common work procedures.In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a Joint Technical Committee (JTC1), which is responsible for formulating international standards in the field of information technologyAmerican Standards Institute(ANSI). It is the largest technical committee of ISO and IEC. Its workload is almost 1/3 of that of ISO and IEC. The published international standards are also 1/3, and they are updated quickly.The committee is authorized by the Council of ISO and IEC to use special standard formulation procedures, so the standard formulation cycle is short and the standard is issued quickly, but the life of the standard is also short. Some standards are issued within a few months, and then they are revised immediately after a few months.This is mainly due to the rapid development of information technology.The committee has more than 20 sub committees, the most famous OSI（Open system interconnection）Standards have become the authoritative technology for interfaces between computer networks and laid the foundation for the development of information technology.IEC and ISO use a common information center to provide standardized information services for countries and international organizations. The relationship between them is getting closer and closer.
The biggest difference between IEC and ISO is the working mode.The working mode of ISO is decentralized. The technical work is mainly managed by the secretariat of the technical committee undertaken by each country. The ISO central secretariat is responsible for consultation. Only at the stage of the Draft International Standard (DIS)ISOTo intervene.IEC adopts a centralized management mode, that is, all documents are managed by the IEC central office from the beginning.
Standard classification
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brief introduction
By the end of 2018, IEC had released about 10771IECStandards.[7]These standards are divided into the following 8 categories by specialty:
Category I
(Basic standards): terms, measurement units and their letter symbols, graphical symbols, terminal markings, standard voltage, current rating and frequencyInsulation coordination, insulation structureenvironmental testClassification, reliability and maintainability of environmental conditions.
Category II
(Raw material standard): working fluid for electrical instrumentsInsulating materialMeasurement method of electrical characteristics of metal materials, magnetic alloy and magnetic steel, bare aluminum conductor.
Category III
(General safety, installation and operation standards): buildings, outdoor electrical devices on ships under severe conditions, electrical appliances in explosive gases, electrical equipment in industrial machinery, enclosure protectionLive working toolsLighting protection device and laser equipment.
Category IV
(Measurement, control and general test standards): electric energy measurement and load control equipment, electronic technology and basic electricity measurement equipment, industrial process measurement and control, nuclear instrumentation, instrumentationTransformerHigh voltage test device and technology.
Category V
(Generation and utilization standards of electric power): rotating motor, water turbine, steam turbine, power transformer, power electronics, power capacitor, primary battery and battery pack, power relay, short circuit current, solarPV systemElectric traction equipment, electric welding, electric heating equipment, electric vehicles and trucks.
Category VI
(Power transmission and distribution standards): switchgear and control equipment, wires, low-voltageFuseAnd high-voltage fuses, surge arresters, remote control of power systems, remote protection and communication equipment, overhead lines.
Category VII
(Standards for telecommunications and electronic components and components):semiconductorDevices and integrated circuits, printed circuits, capacitors and resistors, miniature fuses, electronic tubes, relays, fiber optics, cables, wires and waveguides, electromechanical components, piezoelectric components, magnetic components and ferrite materials.
Category VIII
(TelecomElectronic systemAnd equipment and information technology standards): radio communication, information technology equipment, data processing equipment and office machinery security, audio and video system equipmentMedical electrical equipmentFor measurement and control systemDigital data communication, remote control and protection, electromagnetic compatibility, measurement, limitation and suppression of radio interference;Alarm system;Navigation instrument.
Introduction to the 80-83rd IEC Conference
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In 2016, in GermanyFrankfurtThe 80th IEC Conference was held and 3824 representatives attended;
In 2017, in RussiaVladivostokThe 81st IEC Conference was held, with 1643 representatives attending;
In 2018, the 82nd IEC Conference was held in Busan, South Korea, with 3300 representatives attending.
The 83rd IEC in 2019[9]The conference was held in Shanghai, China, from October 14 to 25, 2019, with the theme of "Quality makes a better life". More than 3800 experts from more than 100 countries were invited to China to attend the conference.[2]
The 83rd International Electrotechnical Commission opened in Shanghai on October 21, 2019. State Councilor Wang Yong read President Xi Jinping's congratulatory letter to the conference and delivered a speech.
Wang Yong stressed that President Xi Jinping's congratulatory letter fully reflects the Chinese government's great importance to standardization work, and its sincere desire to strengthen international cooperation in the field of standards, improve the international standard system and governance structure, which will certainly play an important role in guiding and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of standardization in the new situation.
Wang Yong pointed out that at present, China's economy is moving towards high-quality development, and the people are yearning for a better quality and better life. We must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply implement the standardization strategy, improve the high-level standard system, deepen the reform of standardization work, improve the level of internationalization of standards, and comprehensively improve the quality of economic developmentThe quality of people's life provides strong support.As a member of the International Electrotechnical Commission, China is willing to work with all parties to earnestly fulfill its responsibilities and obligations, deepen practical exchanges and cooperation, improve a more fair, reasonable and transparent international standard system, better play the role of standardization, and actively promote economic globalization towards a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction[10]。
