Government macro-controlAlso calledNational macro-control。Government macro-control or national macro-control is to take the government as the main body of the market economy, through administrative means, economic means (mainly financial means), and legal means to achieveEconomic entityFor leading, economic subject and economic objectSymmetry relationAt the coreeconomic structureBalance and sustainable economic developmenteconomic behavior。Government macro-control is a systematic project.Symmetrical counter cyclical regulation is the essence of government macro-control;Formulating symmetric industrial policies is the core of government macro-control;Financial means are the main means of government macro-control.The government's macro-control issmall commoditieseconomic developmentTo market economy and market economyKnowledge market economyAs an inevitable result, normalized government macro-control is the essential feature of the socialist market economic system.Government macro-control is different fromgovernment interventionEconomy is also different fromplanned economy。The government's macro-control is mainly achieved by formulating symmetrical industrial policies.[1-3]
World War IIAfter,the WestIt has generally strengthened the government's commitment toMacroeconomyThe function of regulation has gradually formed in practiceDemand orientationThe main characteristics of the indirect macro-control system ofRegulatory objectivesFirst, economic growth、full employment 、stabilize pricesandBalance of international paymentsBe regarded as the main objective;In terms of regulation mode, it emphasizes that the government regulates demand and demand guides supply, which has obvious indirectness;stayRegulation meansFirst, mainly usemonetary policy、fiscal policyetc.Policy toolsCarry out macro-control.Because the Western macro-control system focuses onDemand sideRegulation, so it is called macro-controldemand management System, referred to as demand management.Western macro-control system is in the WestCapitalist market economyFormed and operated under the environmentTotal amount controlIt has certain advantages in ironingeconomic fluctuationAnd detenteeconomic crisisIt has certain positive effects, but the defects are also very obvious: it is powerless to deal with the structural imbalance of the macro-economy;The inducement of regulation means is excessive, the compulsion is insufficient, and the regulation intensity is weak;Lack of more than monetary and fiscal policiesPolicy optionsThere is little choice of regulation tools.These deficiencies have greatly restricted and offset the ability and effect of macro-control.[4]
Key areas
Announce
edit
stayEconomic aggregateWhile setting new records, we should also be aware that the economy is still in structureAdjustment periodIn addition, the economic and financial situation at home and abroad faces manyUncertainty, introducing and improving policies conducive to stable economic growthMacro control mechanismIt is particularly important.[5]
Macroeconomy
National macro-control
perfectmacro-controltarget system 。To keepEconomic aggregateBalance and promote the coordination of major economic structures andProductivity distributionOptimize and slow down the economic cycleFluctuation impact, prevent regionalSystematic riskWe will stabilize market expectations, meet the requirements for sustained and healthy economic development, and improve the macro-control target system that covers key areas, highlights key points, links up with each other, and has clear guidance.[5]
Price system
keepPrice stabilityAnd reduce the cost of system operation.With the deepening of supply side structural reform, efforts should be made to consolidate“Three removal, one reduction and one compensation”Achievements, promote moreOvercapacity industryAccelerate clearing, reduce all kinds of business costs in the whole society, and increase efforts to remedy weaknesses in infrastructure and other fields.[4]
People's life
Safeguard and improve people's livelihood and realizecommon prosperity 。This requiresMacro regulation focuses on the peopleFor the need of a better life, we should focus on strengthening the protection and improvement of people's livelihood, and carefully do a good job in employment, education, housing, medical care, old-age care, food and drug safety and other livelihood work to ensure that all peopleCo construction and sharingMore sense of gain in development and continuous promotionHuman's all-round developmentAll people enjoy common prosperity.[4]
State organs, mainlyAuthorityAnd administrative agencies.Macroscopic rather than microscopic, indirect rather than direct.
objective
Announce
edit
The state's macro-control means that the state uses various means tonational economyRegulation and control.That is, the state's intervention in the macro-economy.The object scope of macro-control isEconomic aggregate, YesAggregate supplyandAggregate demand；The purpose is to promote the basic balance between aggregate demand and aggregate supply, so as to ensure the full use of existing resources.
All decisions on national macro-economic regulation should be uniformly attributed to the national authority - the National People's Congress.The State Council is preparing a draft resolution onMacroeconomic policyperhapsAdministrative regulationsIt shall be reported to the National People's Congress (or itsStanding Committee）It shall be implemented after voting.
2. Principle of overall balance of social and economic development
market economyDevelopment is bound to bring developmentout-off-balanceThe macro-economic control is to solve this imbalance.
1、 Issued and implementedMacroeconomic regulationBasic lawsOnly the fundamental provisions of the Constitution are obviously insufficient, and the provisions of the Constitution must be implemented. Therefore, it is very necessary to formulate a unified national macro-economic regulation law or a separate macro-economic regulation law in some aspects.
The "Interim Measures Law" not only makes the policy have the mandatory effect of law, but also makeslaws and regulationsAbsorbed the flexibility of the policy.
3、 Issuing guiding policies and implementing preferential policies
Although the policy is guided, violation of the policy should also be punished.This kind of "punishment" can be reflected in the failure to obtain the encouragement or actual preference given by the state, or in the failure to compete because it does not conform to the direction of macro-control and has no advantage in the competition.
The state regulates by formulating and applying economic laws and regulationseconomic activityMeans.Using legal means can effectively protect thelegitimate right. Adjustmentsocioeconomic relation, regulate the activities andmarket order To ensure the normal operation of economy.
administration
The State, through its administrative organs, adoptsadministrative decree, instructions, indicators, regulations, etcAdministrative measuresTo regulate and manage the economy.It has the characteristics of directness and rapidity, which is very necessary under specific conditions, but must reflect the objectiveeconomic lawWe should not unilaterally emphasize and overuse the requirements of the market, otherwise it will be detrimental to the development of the market role, and even have negative consequences.National macro-control means have their own strengths and characteristics. They are interconnected and complementary, and together constituteMacroeconomyRegulation meansSystem.staymarket economyUnder the conditions, economic and legal means should be the main means, supplemented by necessary administrative meansMacro control meansThe overall function of.
Policy orientation
Announce
edit
The economy facesDownward pressure，Macro policyWe should base ourselves on promoting high-quality development and focus onSteady growth, promoting reformStructure adjustmentBenefit people's livelihood, prevent risks, ensure stability, accurately grasp the degree of macro-control, and take the initiativePresettingFine tune and strengthen policy coordination.Give full play toSupply managementTo increase the supporting effect oftargeted regulation and controlEfforts to promote high-quality development of manufacturing industry and guideTraditional industriesAccelerate transformation and upgrading and vigorously promote emerging industriesDevelopment will lay a solid supply foundation for sustainable and healthy economic development.expand domestic demandTo maintain economystable operation It is of particular importance.Macro regulationaggressivenessAs a result, we will make precise efforts to expand domestic demand.In terms of consumption, we should increase support for the development of education, pension, medical care, culture, tourism and other service industries, and improveConsumption environment, EnhancedConsumption capacity, Industrial InternetInternet of Thingsetc.New infrastructure constructionIncrease investment in intercity transportation, logistics, municipal infrastructure, etcRural infrastructureandPublic service facilitiesBuild short boards.[4]
