Solid medium

Medium in solid state

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Solid culture medium refers to the culture medium in solid state under general culture temperature. In liquid culture medium Add about 1.5%~2.0% agar , heated to 100 ℃ for dissolution, cooled and solidified at 40 ℃ to make it solid solid Culture medium.

Chinese name: Solid medium
Definition: Medium in solid state

Classification: Made of natural solid substances
Principle: It will not be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms

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Solid culture media can be divided into two categories: one is made of natural solid substances, such as potato pieces bran 、 rice bran , bean cake powder Peanut cake Medium made of powder, which is commonly used in alcohol factories, breweries, etc; The other is to add Coagulant And made of, such as those commonly used in the laboratory agar Solid slope and solid Plate culture medium 。 This medium is widely used for the separation, identification, preservation, counting and colony of bacteria Observation of characteristics, etc.

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Solid medium Coagulant Generally, it is not the nutritional component of microorganisms Curing action 。 The ideal coagulant should have the following conditions: it will not be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms; It will not be damaged due to high-temperature sterilization; Keep solid state within the temperature range of microbial growth; No toxic effect on microorganisms and operators; Good transparency and strong solidification force; The price is low and the preparation is convenient. Common coagulants are agar 。 The main component of agar is sulfuric acid Galactan Most microorganisms can not decompose and utilize it. The melting point of agar is 96 ℃, and the freezing point is 40 ℃. Therefore, under general culture conditions, agar is solid and transparent. It is these excellent characteristics that make agar replace the gelatin used earlier and become a commonly used coagulant.

The medium in liquid state is called Liquid medium Or culture liquid, fermentation liquid. Liquid medium Due to the advantages of uniform distribution of nutrients, sufficient contact with the cell surface, and the ability to dissolve a large number of microbial metabolites, it is widely used in microbial physiology, metabolism research and large-scale industrial production.

Semi solid medium It refers to adding a small amount of Coagulant (e.g. 0.2% - 0.5% agar ）And made of the culture medium. This medium is often used Observe bacteria Movement Anaerobic bacteria Separation and Strain identification Etc.

The ideal coagulant should meet the following conditions: ① it is not decomposed and utilized by the cultured microorganisms; ② Keep the solid state within the temperature range of microbial growth Thermophilic bacteria Since high temperature is likely to cause liquefaction of the culture medium, coagulant is usually added to the culture medium to solve this problem; ③ Coagulant freezing point The temperature should not be too low, or it will be detrimental to the growth of microorganisms; ④ The coagulant has no toxic effect on the cultured microorganisms; ⑤ The coagulant will not be damaged during sterilization; ⑥ Good transparency and strong adhesion; ⑦ The preparation is convenient and the price is low. Experimental Coagulant yes agar , gelatin and silica gel, the latter is used for preparation Autotrophic microorganism Solid medium. For most other microorganisms, agar is the most suitable. Generally, 1.5-2.5% can be added to solidify into solid. This medium can be used for isolation, identification Viable count 、 Strain preservation Etc.

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