The Ministry of Mongolia made its fortune inOnon At that time, there were no words.
In 1204,Genghis KhanWhen the Naiman was conquered, the Uighur who was the Naiman Seal OfficerTata TongaAlthough he was arrested, he still kept the seal of the country.Genghis Khan highly praised his loyalty to his country, so he ordered him to take charge of the documents and seals of Mongolia, and ordered him to teach the crown prince and kingsWei Wu Characters(generally referred to asUighur）In writingmongolianAt this time, the Mongols adopted the word "Weiwu" to write Mongolian.
ChineseMongolianUighur Mongolian has always been used.[1]In the 16th century, Mongolia believed in Buddhism and widely translated and spread Buddhist scriptures,MongolianTherefore, it is popularized and finalized.Therefore, at the turn of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, MongoliaThe Renaissance。
HerePrewritingSome deficiencies of Mongolian are improved.At this time, many Tibetan languages were introducedSanskritIt is a classical term, replacing the words used by Mongolians in the past.And in order to facilitate translationhide、SanskritSound, another variant letter.Improvement of letters toAli GaliIs large.
In 1587,KharqinThe translator Ayu Xigushi modified the old font and created his own Ali Gali font, which can express all Tibetan and Sanskrit sounds, and can express consonant groups that are not found in Mongolian.
At this time, some archaisms were abandoned.Scholars say that the written Mongolian language at this time isClassical Mongolian。
In 1946, due to historical reasons, Mongolia abandoned Uighur Mongolian and began to useSlavic alphabetThe new Mongolian language created on the basis ofCyrillic Mongolian。[2]
In 1992, MongoliaDahuralIt was decided to gradually resume the use of Uighur Mongolian.The Mongolian government issued a policy to strengthen the use of Uighur Mongolian in 2008, and plans to comprehensively summarize the use in 2011.
The 2014 Mongolian law stipulates that the use of Cyrillic Mongolian will be abolished in 2020, and traditional Mongolian will be used.This itemPresidential DecreeIt will be implemented on a trial basis from now on and will take effect on July 11, 2011.The Presidential Decree pointed out that the President of Mongolia, the President of the State Great Hural (Parliament) of MongoliaPrime Minister of MongoliaWhen members of the Mongolian government communicate with international institutions and foreign officials at the same level, official documents and letters must be in Uighur Mongolian, and attached to the country orthe United NationsarbitrarilyWorking languageA translation of.
Birth of Mongolian citizens andMarriage certificateRelevant certificates and graduation certificates issued by educational institutions at all levels must be in Uighur Mongolian andCyrillic MongolianWrite side by side.[3]
Officially adopted by the Mongolian government on March 18, 2020《MongolianThe National Outline (3) decided to fully resume the use of Uighur Mongolian, commonly known as traditional Mongolian, from 2025.Education, culture, science andSports DepartmentOn the 18th, it was reported that according to the outline, Mongolia will use both Cyrillic Mongolian and Uighur Mongolian in state affairs from 2025, preparing for the future comprehensive use of Uighur Mongolian.
The Government of Mongolia requests that the Statecommunications technologyThe department sets out to solve the problem in the Internet environmentAccessibilityUse Mongolianinternational standardCode problem;national standardThe measurement department adopts the Cyrillic and Uighur Mongolian standards for official use;Academies of Science, Language and Arts and other institutions accelerate the construction of citizens andLegal representativeDouble file database, etc.The Mongolian government also requires that the press and publication department must release and publish written content in both languages by 2024.
All state organs create new and old charactersnetwork environment All state officials will participate in traditional Mongolian training to meet the ultimate full use of traditional Mongolian.[2]
Character features
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AndSyriaLiterature andArabic alphabetSimilarly, Mongolian letters have different shapes at different positions of a word.Mongolian alphabetIt can be a unit per word, or a word with itsPostpositionIs one unit.
MostPhonemeIt shall be divided into initial, middle and final - the initial and final phonemes shall be written respectively, and the rest shall be written as middle type.A medium-sized letter has a vertical line to connect the whole word.Vowels have separate types, but consonants do not.
Alphabetical list
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Mongolian in ChinaMongolianThere are 29 letters, which are represented by Mongolian lettersvowel5 of, representingconsonant24 words, which are spelled in word units,Bank loansFrom left to right.[4]
Related events
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Mongolian officials have accelerated the pace of promoting the Uighur Mongolian language in Mongolia.Uighur and Mongolian are ChineseInner MongoliaThe official language used by the Mongols.Some scholars believe that this is the strengthening of Mongolianational consciousness, remove the representation of Russian influence in wordsChina Mongolia relationsThere is a certain "good".
President of MongoliaGeneral OfficeAnd Bayan Honggorprovincial governmentThe General Office jointly held the "Mongolian Character Day" in the province, hoping to speed up the restoration and promotion of the use of traditional Mongolian - Uighur and Mongolian in a wider range.
During this period, training, forum, speech and other activities will be held.
The Mongolian people have used the Uighur Mongolian language, that is, the traditional Mongolian language, for more than 800 years.But inSoviet UnionWith the support of,Outer MongoliaIndependent from China and establishedthe people's republic ofmongolia Later, the characters were reformed.
In the 1940s, under the influence of the Soviet Union, Mongolia established the“Character reformCommittee ", the country soon changed the Uighur Mongolian into Cyrillic Mongolian.
But compared with Uighur and Mongolian, Cyrillic Mongoliantraditional cultureHowever, its inheritance has a negative impact.Mongolian in Inner Mongolia is influenced by sinicization, and Chinese is the majority of foreign words.
Uighur and Mongolian areThe People's Republic of ChinaInner MongoliaThe official language of Mongolian in the autonomous region is also the official written language of Mongolian in China today.
Because the Mongolian nationality is mainly located in Mongolia and China.After the Mongolian character reform, in fact, there was a certain gap between the Mongolian communication between China and Mongolia.[3]
