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Gottingen School is in the worldmathematicsDominant in scientific development for a long timeschoolThe school adheres to the unity of mathematics, reflects the essence of mathematics, and promotes the development of mathematics.
The mathematical achievements of the Gottingen School have had a profound impact on the development of world mathematics. There are profound social reasons why this school can achieve such achievements. First of all, the Gottingen School has a large number of people and comprehensive disciplines, and in its various periods, it has rare all-round talents - Gauss, Riemann, Klein and Hilbert as academic leaders;Secondly, young academic leaders, active thinking and creativity are the important reasons why the Gottingen School has long dominated the development of mathematics in the world;The spirit of attaching importance to academic exchanges, creating an academic atmosphere of free and equal discussion and close cooperation, and becoming popular, is an important reason for the great achievements of the Gottingen School;The fine tradition of double science, which attaches importance to pure mathematics and applied mathematics and combines theoretical natural science with control engineering technology, is the successful experience left by the Gottingen School
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The German Gottingen School of Mathematics played a central role in the creation and development of mathematics in the 20th century. The heyday of the Gottingen School in the 20th century began with Klein and Hilbert. Klein is famous for his《Erlangen Program 》He is famous all over the world. From the point of view of transformation group, he classified various existing geometries. He is the organizer and leader of the Gottingen School. Hilbert's series of unparalleled mathematical achievements in algebra, geometry, analysis and even metamathematics made him the undisputed leader of the Gottingen School of Mathematics.In 1900, he made a speech at the International Conference of Mathematicians in Paris and put forward the famous 23 questions, saying that he would lead the new trend of mathematics in the new century.From 1900 to 1933, the University of Gottingen in Germany became the center of world mathematics,MinkowskiIt provides a mathematical framework for special relativity - Minkowski four-dimensional geometry;Weir was the first to put forward gauge field theory and provide theoretical basis for general relativity;Von Neumannquantum mechanicsIt provides a strict mathematical foundation and developsfunctional analysis；Female mathematicianNottEstablished by general idealismAbstract algebraAnd stimulateAlgebraic topology Development of;Colan is a master of applied mathematicspartial differential equation The work on solution has cleared the way for a series of practical topics such as aerodynamics. The above extremely incomplete enumeration has proved that Gottingen in Germany is indeed an international mathematical center
Gottingen School
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The Gottingen School is the world's mathematicianscradleAnd the Holy Land, but Hitler's coming to power made it suffer a fatal blow.A large number of scientists of Jewish origin were forced to flee to the United States, and the Gottingen School of Mathematics collapsed.Here you only need to list one sheet from Germany (includingAustria、Hungary）A part of the list of mathematicians and physicists who have taken refuge in the United States shows that talent has shifted.
Weir and von Neumann'sPrinceton Institute for Advanced StudiesProfessor Ren, Ke LangNew York UniversityTeach and founded the world-famousInstitute of Applied MathematicsSince then, American mathematics has taken the lead in the world, and Princeton has replaced Gottingen as the center of world mathematics.
