synonymHami(Prefecture level cities under the jurisdiction of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) generally refers to Hami City
Hami City, formerly known as Kunmo, Kunwu, Yizhou, Yiwu, Hamiwei,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionIt governs a prefecture level city, located in the east of Xinjiang, across the eastern Tianshan Mountains from north to south, about 404 kilometers from east to west, 440 kilometers from south to north, and Gansu Province in the east and southeastjiuquan Adjacent to the southBayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, West, Southwest andChangji Hui Autonomous Prefecture、TurpanAdjacent, north, northeast andMongoliaBordering, with a total area of 142100 square kilometers, there is a 587.6 kilometers long national boundary line and a national first-class port——Laoyemiao Port, YesXinjiangAndMongoliaOne of the important opening banks for developing border trade.[1]
Hami City isXinjiangThe gateway to the mainland is ancient“the Silk Road”It is also an important town in ShanghaiXinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionThe "East Gate" of the "Western Region Throat", known as the "Eastern and Western Confucius Road", has an important geographical position.In ancient times, Hami was the Han Dynastydiplomat famed for exploits in Inner AsiaThe first access to the Western Regionsthe Silk RoadThe fortress of.Hami has a long history. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been an outpost for the management of the Western Regions.[4]
Hami City to be completed in 2023GDP98.27 billion yuan, up 11.3% year on year, ranking first in Xinjiang.In 2023, the industrial added value above designated size of Hami City will increase by 17.6%, the investment in fixed assets will increase by 36%, the general public budget revenue will increase by 14.5%, and the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents will reach 43410 yuan and 23620 yuan, respectively, an increase of 7% and 8%.The growth rate of all indicators ranks first in all prefectures and cities in Xinjiang.
[3]As of April 2023, Hami City has jurisdiction over 1 district, 1 autonomous county and 1 county, a total of 43 townships and sub districts (15 towns, 23 townships and 5 sub district offices), 157 villages and 71 communities.[1]Hami Municipal People's GovernmentYizhou DistrictNo. 19 Jianguo South Road.[7]
prehistoricA large number ofMillstoneIt can be proved that the primitive society 7000 years agoNeolithic AgeThe ancestors of Hami people have multiplied here.Since the early 20th century, many nationalities have lived in this oasis.
During the Han Dynasty (206-220 BC),Western Han DynastyIn the second year of the Western Han Dynasty (60 years ago), Hami was called YiwuluWestern Regions Capital Guard, YiwuluhePulei StateIt is under the jurisdiction of the governor of the Western Regions.The Eastern Han Dynasty began to call Hami Yiwu.Eastern Han DynastyIn the 16th year of Yongping's reign (73 years), Yihe Duwei was set up in Yiwu. In the 6th year of Yongjian's reign (131 years) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Shun set up Yiwu Sima to preside over military affairs and reclamation in Yiwu.
During the Three Kingdoms Period and the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Wei Dynasty still set Yihe Duwei in Hami, and in the second year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (327), after Zhang Jun, the former Liang State located in Hexi, captured Yiwu, he classified it as a county under the administration of Dunhuang County, and Yiwu was established as a county.Zhang Jun's appointment of Suofu as Yiwu Duwei was regarded as the beginning of the establishment of prefectures and counties.In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tang Qi, Tang He and his brother, the remnants of Xiliang, and Li Bao, their nephew, led the rest of the family, who fled from Wuwei (Liangzhou) to Yiwu and attached themselves to Rouran through hardships. There were more than 2000 families.Rouran ordered Tangqi to be King Yiwu.In the second year of Tai'an in the Northern Wei Dynasty (456), the general of Dunhuang Town in the Northern Wei Dynasty led his troops to capture Yiwu.along withNorthern Wei DynastyWith the further expansion of its power and the collapse of the Rouran Khanate, in the 12th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (488), the city leader of Rouran Yiwu, Gao Yazi, surrendered to the government, and the Northern Wei Dynasty set up Yiwu Prefecture.This is the earliest administrative establishment in Hami.
At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen sent Yuan Hui out of Yiwu to contact Datou Khan in West Turkistan.Later, the envoys of Tatou Khan and Tatou Khan himself went to the Sui Dynasty through Yiwu and received special courtesy from Emperor Wen.In the fourth year of Daye (608), Emperor Yang sent Pei Ju and General Xue Shixiong to lead the army to Yiwu.The Sui army built another new city in the east of Yiwu, named New Yiwu (Hami Huicheng).In the sixth year of Daye (610), Yiwu County was established, and Rouyuan Town (Qincheng) was established in the northeast of Yiwu City.At the end of Sui Dynasty, Yiwu belonged to Western Turks.
In the fourth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (630), the city leader of Yiwu surrendered seven cities and Taizong set up Xiyi Prefecture with his own land.Two years later, we will go to the west and call it Yizhou.There are three counties under the jurisdiction of Yiwu (today's Hami), Rouyuan (today's Qincheng), and Nazhi (today's Sibao).In the fourth year of Jinglong's reign (710), Yiwu Army was set up and stationed in Kanluchuan (today's Balikun River) in the northwest of Yizhou.In the first year of Tianbao (742), Yizhou was renamed Yiwu County, under the jurisdiction of Longyou Road.In the third year of Tianbao (744), the eastern Uighurs rose, and Pulei was their territory.In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Yiwu County was renamed Yizhou.Two years after Guangde (764), Yiwu was occupied by the Tibetans for about 90 years.
Location of Hami in Xinjiang (red)
In the sixth year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1124), Yizhou and Puzhou belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty.At the beginning of the 13th century, Mongols rose in Mobei.In the second year of Jiading (1206), Boerzhijin Tiemuzhen (Genghis Khan) was the Mongolian Khan.Three years later, the Jinchen of the Uighur "Yiduhu" Balshu Alte in Xizhou belonged to Mongolia.After being attached to Mongolia, Hami was not incorporated into Gaochang and became a part of Gaochang Weiwuer, but a local regime coexisting with Gaochang.In the 11th year of Chunhu in the Southern Song Dynasty (1251), the Mongol Xianzong renamed Hamili as a provincial state in the western state where the Uighurs built their way to Bali.In the 16th year of the Zhiyuan era (1279), Kublai Khan destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and established the capital of Dadu (now Beijing). He appointed Azhiji, the great grandson of Chahetai, to guard the eight miles of Bieshuibai, and he also had jurisdiction over the garrison troops of those who feared the fire of my son Hara (namely Gaochang) and Hamili on the South Tianshan Road.In the 18th year of the Zhiyuan era (1281), Gansu Province was established, and Hami was under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province.In the sixth year of Yanzuo (1319), the emperor ordered Hamili people and people who feared our children (namely Gaochang people) to sue themselves, and they could be dealt with by their leaders. If they argued with other people, their leaders and local officials would jointly try.At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Wu Nahuli, a descendant of Chahetai, took over Hami and became King Weiwu.After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, Wunachuli was independent and called Hami State.
brightThe first year of HongwuIn 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Jinling (today's Nanjing), and when the Yuan Dynasty died, the mighty king Wu Nabuli, who temporarily guarded Hami, also established himself as the king of Hami.In the 26th year of Hongwu's reign (1393), Wu Nabuli died of illness, and his brother, Anke Timur, succeeded him.In the second year of Yongle (1404), the imperial edict granted Anktimur the title of loyal king.Two years later, Hami guards will be set up, with commanders, thousands of households, hundreds of households and other officials.In the third year of Chenghua (1467), because the throne of Hami's loyal king had been vacant for a long time, the leaders of all ethnic groups strongly recommended again. The Ming court just promoted Tamur (the Wei Wuer people) to be the right governor to act as the king's deputy. Five years later, Tamur was killed, and his son, Han Shen, applied for the post of heir father. The court only allowed Tamur to act as the governor, but was not allowed to lead the state affairs.There is still no king in Hami to take photos, and no decree issued.
Hami local kingdom was granted from the 13th year of Hongwu (1380) of the Ming Dynasty to the ninth year of Zhengde (1514) when it was occupied by Turpan Khan. It lasted for 135 years after 11 generations.Since then, the Turpan Khan has also been exhausted. Its territory has gradually been occupied by the Kashgar Khan (the later capital was moved to Yeerqiang, known as Yeerqiang Khanate in history) established by the later king of Chagatai, and Hami has subsequently become the eastern territory of the Khan.
Hami map
In the 37th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1698), the Qing government sent officials to Hami to prepare a flag team according to the official regulations of the Mongolian king, which was classified as a Mongolian flag inlaid with red and commissioned officials.In the 56th year of Kangxi (1717), Hami was repaired and returned to the city.In the fifth year of Yongzheng era (1727), Hami Seoul (now the old city) was built.In the seventh year (1729) to the ninth year (1731) of Yongzheng period, Siubarkur Seoul was built.In the ninth year of Yongzheng's reign (1731), the Qing government moved Tongzhi from Anxi Prefecture to Balkul, where there was an administrative organ.Anxi Tongzhi is subordinate to the Gansu Chief Executive.In the 24th year of Qianlong's reign (1759), Hami Hall was built, and a general judge was set up to manage the civil affairs outside the jurisdiction of the Huiwang, which also belonged to Gansu.In the following year, an office minister was set up in Hami and a leader minister was set up in Balkul.In the 37th year of Qianlong's reign (1772), the city of Siubarkur was called Huining City.In the 38th year of Qianlong's reign (1773), Zhenxi Prefecture was set up, and Balkul Road was also set up. Yihe and Qitai counties were under the jurisdiction of the prefecture, and the prefecture was in Yihe.Zhenxi Prefecture is also under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province.In the 41st year of Qianlong's reign (1776), Balkul Road moved to Dihua and was renamed Zhendi Road.In the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869), Hami New City was built.In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Zhenxi Prefecture was reformedZhenxi Zhili Hall。Yihe County,Qitai CountyIt belongs to Dihua.On August 16, the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), Hami Hall was transferred from Anxi Road to Zhendi Road.On November 17 of the 10th year of Guangxu (1884), Xinjiang set up a province with four branches, and Zhendi Road was changed fromXinjiang ProvinceSubordination.The following year, Hami Hall was upgraded toHami Zhili Hall。The Zhili Hall in Hami includes Hami and Yiwu.
In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Hami Zhili Hall was changed into Hami County, and Zhenxi Zhili Hall was changed into Zhenxi County.
The Huiwang territory was established in its own system and was not under the management of the county government.It was not until the abolition of the Hui Queen of Hami in the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930) that the Hui Kingdom was unified in the system of government.
In May of the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), Hami Administrative Region was established, which governs Hami County, Zhenxi County and Qijiaojing Administrative Bureau. It is the ninth administrative region of Xinjiang Province.The Office of the Chief Executive is located in Hami County, with Liu Yinglin as the first Chief Executive.
In July of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the provincial government decided to designate Tuhulu, Xiama Cliff, Yanchi, Qianshan, Weizi Gorge and Naomao Lake in Hami County as the governing bureau of Yiwu.Hami Administrative Region has jurisdiction over two counties and two administrative bureaus.
In January of the 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943), Yiwu Administrative Bureau was upgraded to a third class county;In May, the Hami Office of the Chief Executive was changed into the Office of the Commissioner of Administrative Supervision.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in 1950, the Office of Administrative Inspectors of Hami Special Region was set up, which was located in Hami County, governing three counties of Hami, Zhenxi, Yiwu and the central area of Qijiaojing.
On January 4, 1954, Zhenxi County was renamed Balikun County;On September 30, Balikun County implemented regional ethnic autonomy and established the Balikun Kazak Autonomous Region.The central area of Qijiaojing was abolished, and Qijiaojing Town (township level town) was set up, under the leadership of Hami County.
In 1955, Balikun Kazak Autonomous Region was renamed Balikun Kazak Autonomous County.Hami Prefecture governs 2 counties and 1 autonomous county.
In 1961, based on the cities and towns of Hami County, including five town communes and rocket farms such as Locomotive, Tielong, Steel, Xianxian and Red Flag, Hami City was established under the leadership of Hami Special Administration.
In 1962, Hami City was abolished and incorporated into Hami County.
On December 19, 1970, the Hami Special Region was renamed as the Hami Region, and the regional administration was located in the Hami County, which governs the two counties of Hami, Yiwu and Balikun Kazak Autonomous County.
On January 24, 1971, Shanshan County, formerly directly under the jurisdiction of the autonomous region, was incorporated into Hami Prefecture, which governs three counties and one autonomous county.
On January 30, 1975, Shanshan County was under the jurisdiction of Turpan.
On January 6, 1977, the State Council decided to establish Hami City (a county-level city).Hami Prefecture governs 1 city (Hami), 2 counties (Hami, Yiwu) and 1 autonomous county (Balikun).
From March 1969 to June 1979, Hami prefectures, counties and communes established revolutionary committees.
On July 1, 1979, the Hami Regional Revolutionary Committee was changed into the Hami Regional Administrative Office.
In 1979, Hami Prefecture administered one city, two counties and one autonomous county, with two towns, three districts, 22 people's communes, 17 state-owned farms and pastures, and 22 neighborhood committees.Hami Administration also set up an agency in Sandaoling Mining Area - Sandaoling Administrative Committee (county level).
On September 9, 1983, Hami County was incorporated into Hami City.
In 1985, Hami Prefecture administered one city (Hami City), one county (Yiwu County) and one autonomous county (Balikun Kazak Autonomous County).
On February 18, 2016, the State Council approved the cancellation of Hami Prefecture and County level Hami City and the establishment of prefecture level Hami City.Hami City governs Balikun Kazak Autonomous County, Yiwu County and the newly established Yizhou District in the original Hami region.[6]
administrative division
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According to the official website of Hami Municipal People's Government in April 2023, Hami governs Yizhou DistrictBalikun Kazak Autonomous CountyYiwu County has 43 township streets (15 towns, 23 townships and 5 streets), 157 villages and 71 communities.[1]Hami Municipal People's Government is located at No. 19 Jianguo South Road, Yizhou District.[7]
six hundred and fifty thousand five hundred and twenty-one
0902
eight hundred and thirty-nine thousand and two hundred[2]
geographical environment
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Location context
Hami City is located in the east of Xinjiang, across the eastern Tianshan Mountains from north to south, about 404 kilometers from east to west, and about 440 kilometers from south to north. The east and southeast are adjacent to Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, and connected to the southBayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, West, Southwest andChangji Hui Autonomous Prefecture、TurpanAdjacent to Mongolia in the north and northeast, there are 587.6 kilometers ofBorder With a total area of 142100 square kilometers.[1]
Hami City
topographic features
The topographic contour of Hami City can be summarized as four mountains and three basins. The middle part is high in the south and north, and the terrain is different greatly. The middle part is the main vein of Tianshan Mountain, extending in the northeast southwest direction;The north and south sides are middle and low mountains, and the whole mountain area accounts for three fifths of the total area of the city.[1]
Hami Gobi landscape
climate
Hami CityTemperate continental arid climate, but becauseTian Shan The impact of, resulting in significant climate differences, generally dry and hot in the south of the mountain, little precipitation;The north of the mountain is cool, with a little more rainfall.[1]
natural resources
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Wind energy resources
There are 9 strong wind areas in Xinjiang, including 3 in Hami City, with a total area of 51600 square kilometers, accounting for 66.3% of Xinjiang.[1]
Light energy resources
Hami City Yearsunshine3170-3380 hours, one of the most abundant sunshine hours in China.[1]
Forest resources
In 2022, Hami City will completeafforestationIt covers an area of 1511.8 hectares.The forest coverage rate of Hami City is 4.4%;One nature reserve at or above the autonomous region level, including one national nature reserve, with a total area of 1.79 million hectares.[3]
mineral resources
By 2022, 88 kinds of minerals (including sub minerals) have been found in Hami, accounting for 57.9% of Xinjiang, including 6 kinds of energy minerals, 5 kinds of ferrous metal minerals, 8 kinds of non-ferrous metal minerals, 4 kinds of precious metal minerals, 5 kinds of rare metal minerals, 4 kinds of rare earth and rare element minerals, and 56 kinds of non-metallic minerals.There are 7 new minerals with verified resource reserves.[3]
according toThe Seventh National Population CensusAccording to the data, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Hami City is 673383.[5]
Economics
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overview
According to the results of the unified accounting of regional GDP, Hami City will achieve a regional GDP of 86.899 billion yuan in 2022, an increase of 7.1% over 2021.Of which, the added value of the primary industry was 4.615 billion yuan, up 4.1%;The added value of the secondary industry was 57.792 billion yuan, up 10.1%;The added value of the tertiary industry was 24.491 billion yuan, up 2.4%.The added value of the primary industry accounted for 5.3% of the regional GDP, the added value of the secondary industry accounted for 66.5%, and the added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 28.2%.The per capita GDP was 134424 yuan, an increase of 11.4% over 2021.
In 2022, the consumer price (CPI) of Hami City will rise by 2.6% compared with 2021.The prices of eight categories of goods and services: transportation and communication rose 6.5%, residential rose 4.6%, other goods and services rose 2.0%, living goods and services rose 1.3%, education, culture and entertainment rose 1.3%, food, tobacco and alcohol rose 1.1%, clothing rose 0.5%, and medical care and health care rose 0.1%.Producer prices (PPI) rose 12.3%.The purchase price of industrial producers rose by 14.6%.
In 2022, the local fixed asset investment (excluding farmers) in Hami City will increase by 17.0% over 2021.Among the fixed asset investment, the investment in the primary industry decreased by 37.3%, the investment in the secondary industry increased by 47.8%, and the investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 1.6%.Private investment increased by 17.6%.Infrastructure investment increased by 25.7%.Investment in energy intensive industries increased by 51.0%.The investment in real estate development in the whole year was 1.681 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3% over 2021.Including: 1.183 billion yuan of residential investment, up 10.3%;The investment in office buildings was 36 million yuan, up 2.5 times;Investment in commercial business housing was 390 million yuan, down 0.8%.
In 2022, the total import and export volume of goods in Hami City will be 207 million US dollars, 1.6 times more than that in 2021.Of which, exports were 113 million US dollars, up 89.3%;Imports were 94 million US dollars, up 3.6 times.The goods import and export surplus (exports minus imports) is 19 million US dollars, 21 million US dollars less than that in 2021.
In 2022, the local fiscal revenue of Hami City will be 10.856 billion yuan, an increase of 36.7% over 2021.The general public budget revenue was 9.389 billion yuan, up 56.7%, of which the tax revenue was 8.032 billion yuan, up 67.4%;Non tax income was 1.357 billion yuan, up 13.5%.Local fiscal expenditure was 21.564 billion yuan, up 7.8%.The general public budget expenditure was 16.946 billion yuan, up 21.9%.
Hami City in 2022Per capita disposable income of residents32663 yuan, an increase of 3.8% over 2021.According to permanent residence,Per capita disposable income of urban residents40575 yuan, an increase of 2.5% over 2021.Of which, wage income was 24902 yuan, up 3.6%;Net operating income was 2833 yuan, down 3.4%;Net property income was 1356 yuan, up 0.7%;The net transfer income was 11483 yuan, up 2.0%.The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 21871 yuan, an increase of 6.0% over 2021.Of which, wage income was 7108 yuan, up 11.6%;Net operating income was 9053 yuan, up 0.9%;Net property income was 902 yuan, up 18.8%;The net transfer income was 4809 yuan, up 6.0%.[3]
primary industry
In 2022, the planting area of crops in Hami will be 848500 mu, 2.8% less than that in 2021.Among them, grain sown area was 383700 mu, up 7.6% year on year;The cotton planting area was 271700 mu, up 1.2%;The oil planting area was 9500 mu, down 42.2%;The sown area of melons and fruits was 75300 mu, down 2.5%;The vegetable planting area was 201000 mu, up 4.6%;The sown area of other crops was 87500 mu, down 34.0%.
In 2022, Hami will have 222300 mu of garden fruits, down 1.2%, of which 81300 mu will be planted with grapes, down 10.6%;The planting area of jujube was 53500 mu, down 25.4%.
In 2022, Hami's grain output will be 142000 tons, up 7.7%;The cotton output was 35400 tons, up 5.9%;The oil production was 1600 tons, down 53.0%;The output of melons was 183300 tons, up 9.3%;The vegetable output was 59600 tons, down 6.1%.Fruit output was 133300 tons, down 2.3%, of which grape output was 114500 tons, down 6.5%;The output of jujube (dry products) was 7100 tons, down 20.2%.
In 2022, the total output of beef, sheep, pig and poultry meat in Hami will be 22200 tons, an increase of 7.3%, including 6700 tons of beef, an increase of 7.9%;The mutton output was 8000 tons, down 5.1%;Pork output was 6900 tons, up 29.8%.Milk output was 21100 tons, down 5.3%;Egg production was 2600 tons, down 5.5%.At the end of the year, the number of cattle, sheep and pigs on hand was 972800, up 2.5%;The number of cattle, sheep and pigs sold in the whole year was 616800, down 1.2%.[3]
the secondary industry
In 2022, the total industrial added value of Hami City will be 46.565 billion yuan, an increase of 13.6% over 2021.Among them, the added value of industries above local scale increased by 27.1%.In industries above designated size, by economic type, the added value of state-owned enterprises increased by 14.6%, joint-stock enterprises by 26.8%, foreign-invested enterprises, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan invested enterprises by 38.3%, and private enterprises by 22.8%.In terms of industry, the mining industry grew by 41.8%, the manufacturing industry grew by 22.1%, and the production and supply of electricity, heat, gas and water declined by 2.3%.In terms of light and heavy industries, light industry decreased by 3.9% and heavy industry increased by 27.1%.
In 2022, among the major industries above designated size in Hami City, the added value of coal mining and washing industry will increase by 46.9% over 2021, the power and heat production and supply industry will decrease by 3.3%, the oil, coal and other fuel processing industry will increase by 21.0%, the nonferrous metal mining and dressing industry will increase by 42.1%, the ferrous metal mining and dressing industry will increase by 1.6%, and the nonferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry will increase by 7.9%,The gas production and supply industry grew by 17.2%, and the chemical raw material and chemical product manufacturing industry grew by 45.3%.
In 2022, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size in Hami will be 30.542 billion yuan, an increase of 88.8% over 2021.In terms of economic types, state-owned holding enterprises realized a total profit of 13.076 billion yuan, up 66.7%;Share holding enterprises reached 29.61 billion yuan, up 89.2%;Enterprises invested by foreign investors, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businessmen reached 927 million yuan, up 75.4%.In terms of industry, the mining industry realized a total profit of 16.998 billion yuan, an increase of 1.5 times;The manufacturing industry was 6.93 billion yuan, up 88.9%;The production and supply of electricity, heat, gas and water reached 6.615 billion yuan, up 16.3%.The annual cost per 100 yuan of operating income of industrial enterprises above designated size was 53.76 yuan, 5.15 yuan less than that in 2021;The operating income profit margin was 31.99%, 8.19 percentage points higher than that in 2021.At the end of the year, the asset liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size was 63.5%, down 4.0 percentage points from the end of 2021.The sales rate of industrial enterprises above designated size throughout the year was 98.9%, 1.9 percentage points lower than that in 2021.
In 2022, the added value of Hami's construction industry will be 11.227 billion yuan, the growth rate will be the same as that of the previous year.The total profits of local general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification levels reached 178 million yuan, an increase of 56.5% over 2021, including 133 million yuan of state-owned enterprises, an increase of 22.1%.[3]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
In 2022, Hami wholesale andretailThe added value is 2.892 billion yuan, an increase of 0.1% over 2021;The added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services was 5.68 billion yuan, up 10.9%;The added value of accommodation and catering industry was 457 million yuan, down 17.2%;The added value of the financial industry was 2.62 billion yuan, up 7.5%;The added value of the real estate industry was 1.008 billion yuan, down 6.3%;The added value of other service industries was 11.483 billion yuan, the growth rate was the same as that of the previous year.
In 2022, Hami's post and telecommunications business revenue will be 1.144 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over 2021.33000 postal letters, 13100 parcels and 2.609 million express deliveries were completed.Postal service revenue was 190 million yuan, up 3.9%;Telecom business revenue was 954 million yuan, up 10.4%.At the end of 2021, there were 126400 fixed telephone subscribers, a decrease of 1400, or 1.1%;At the end of 2021, there were 804800 mobile phone users, an increase of 12600, or 1.6%;At the end of the year, there were 376800 Internet users, an increase of 32000 or 9.3% over the end of 2021.
In 2022, Hami will achieve a total retail sales of social consumer goods of 10.988 billion yuan, 6.7% lower than that in 2021.By business location, the retail sales of urban consumer goods reached 10.319 billion yuan, down 5.5%;Retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 669 million yuan, down 22.4%.By industry, the retail sales of wholesale industry was 3.467 billion yuan, up 5.0%;The retail sales of the retail industry were 6.381 billion yuan, down 5.6%;The retail sales of accommodation industry was 182 million yuan, up 15.7%;The retail sales of catering industry were 959 million yuan, down 38.7%.By scale, the retail sales of units above designated size were 7.026 billion yuan, up 13.1%, of which the retail sales of wholesale and retail businesses above designated size were 6.895 billion yuan, up 13.7%;Retail sales of accommodation and catering above designated size were 131 million yuan, down 9.7%.The retail sales of units below the designated size were 3.962 billion yuan, down 28.9%, of which the retail sales of wholesale and retail businesses below the designated size were 2.953 billion yuan, down 26.1%;The retail sales of accommodation and catering under the designated size were 1.009 billion yuan, down 35.9%.By commodity category, among the units above the designated size, grain, oil and food increased by 0.6%, beverages by 1.1%, tobacco and alcohol by 4.2%, clothing, shoes and hats, knitwear and textiles by 1.2%, cosmetics by 3.5%, daily necessities by 5.8%, hardware and electricity by 15.6%, sports and entertainment by 0.9%, books, newspapers and magazines by 2.0%,Household appliances and audio-visual equipment decreased by 6.9%, Chinese and western medicines increased by 37.5%, cultural and office supplies decreased by 13.0%, communication equipment decreased by 30.4%, petroleum and products increased by 25.9%, building and decoration materials decreased by 30.7%, electromechanical products and equipment increased by 1.6 times, and automobiles decreased by 8.4%.
By the end of 2022, the balance of various RMB deposits of financial institutions in Hami City was 107.807 billion yuan, an increase of 20.669 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and 23.7% over the end of 2021.Among them, the balance of household deposits was 64.818 billion yuan, up 16.4%;The deposit balance of non-financial enterprises was 23.716 billion yuan, up 51.0%;The balance of government deposits was 19.269 billion yuan, up 22.6%.
By the end of 2022, the balance of various RMB loans of financial institutions in Hami City was 82.391 billion yuan, an increase of 5.717 billion yuan over the beginning of the year and 7.5% over the end of 2021.Among them, the household loan was 9.303 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.47 billion yuan or 13.6% over the beginning of the year;Loans to non-financial enterprises reached 73.088 billion yuan, an increase of 7.187 billion yuan or 10.9% over the beginning of the year.The deposit loan ratio of financial institutions was 76.4%, down 11.6 percentage points from the same period in 2021.
In 2022, the total premium income of Hami Insurance Company will be 2.275 billion yuan, 2.6% lower than that in 2021.Among them, property insurance premium income was 826 million yuan, down 3.5%;Life insurance premium income was 1.449 billion yuan, down 2.0%.Expenditure on various types of insurance claims was 772 million yuan, down 9.5%.Among them, property insurance paid 498 million yuan, down 1.4%;Life insurance paid 274 million yuan, down 21.3%.
In 2022, Hami will receive 7.7492 million tourists, down 42.6% from 2021;Tourism revenue reached 6.712 billion yuan, down 4.6%.At the end of the year, there were 10 star hotels in the city, including 5 four-star hotels, 3 three-star hotels and 2 two star hotels.21 travel agencies.[3]
Politics
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Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee: Sun Tao[28]
Deputy Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee and Mayor:Wulamujiang Reyimu[29]
In 2022, the highway freight volume of Hami will be 37.5503 million tons, 10.7 times higher than that in 2021;Highway passenger traffic volume was 498300 person times, down 37.0%.[3]
Hami State Airport
social undertakings
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education
By the end of 2022, there will be one adult college in Hami, with 1204 college students enrolled, 11.2% less than that in 2021;3390 students, up 0.3% over 2021;1145 graduates, an increase of 29.2% over 2021.There is one regular college with 2014 enrollments and 6369 students (including 316 enrollments in the attached secondary vocational class and 804 students).
By the end of 2022, there will be one secondary vocational school of various types in Hami, with 1054 students enrolled, 3303 students enrolled and 544 graduates graduated.There were 8 ordinary high schools, with 3688 students enrolled, up 8.7%;10708 students, down 1.4%;3779 graduates, up 4.2%.19 junior high schools, with 6394 students enrolled, up 7.0%;18333 students, up 2.2%;6021 graduates, up 7.7%.49 ordinary primary schools, with 6518 students enrolled, down 10.0%;40289 students, up 1.7%;6070 graduates, up 6.9%.There was one special education school with 174 students, down 7.0%.93 kindergartens, 19357 children in kindergartens, down 5.6%.
In 2022, the enrollment rate of primary school age population in Hami City will be 99.97%.Among them, the enrollment rate of rural school-age population is 99.94%.The enrollment rate of the school-age population in junior high school is 100.00%.Among them, the enrollment rate of rural school-age population is 100.00%.[3]
By the end of 2022, Hami City has 382 medical and health institutions, including 57 hospitals and health centers, 4 maternal and child health care centers (stations), and 1 specialized disease prevention and treatment center (stations).Hospitals and health centers have 3002 beds.There are 4951 health technicians, including 1795 licensed (assistant) doctors and 2142 registered nurses.There are 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and 119 health technicians from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.There are 37 township hospitals with 514 beds and 838 health technicians.[3]
In 2022, Hami won three key R&D projects in the autonomous region and 12 municipal science and technology projects, including 8 industrial projects and 4 agricultural projects.At the end of the year, there were 36 national high-tech enterprises, 1 autonomous region level high-tech industrial development zone, 1 national agricultural science and technology park, 2 national level Star Creativity, and 10 municipal level Star Creativity.There is one autonomous region level maker space, one municipal level maker space, and one municipal science and technology incubator.
In 2022, Hami granted 797 patents, including 27 invention patents.Totally 107 valid patents.[3]
Cultural undertakings
By the end of 2022, Hami's cultural system will have 4 art performance groups, 4 museums, 4 public libraries, 4 cultural centers and 47 cultural stations.[3]
museum
social security
At the end of 2022, Hami City will participateBasic endowment insuranceThe number of people was 311300, an increase of 12000 over the end of the previous year.Among them, 97800 people participated in basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, an increase of 10000 people.457700 people participated in basic medical insurance, an increase of 2000 people.Among them, 180400 people participated in basic medical insurance for employees, an increase of 2900 people;277300 people participated in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, a decrease of 2700 people.109800 people participated in unemployment insurance, an increase of 10100 people.126400 people participated in industrial injury insurance.116900 people participated in maternity insurance, an increase of 1800 people.At the end of the year, a total of 15000 people in the city enjoyed the urban minimum living security and 5900 people enjoyed the rural minimum living security.
By the end of 2022, Hami City will have 5 social service institutions and facilities, 1080 beds and 368 adoptions.There are 22 community service centers and 228 community service stations.[3]
Historical culture
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Historical culture
Cultural Relic
Yuegongtai Xiheigou Site Group
Yuegongtai Xiheigou Site GroupLocated in the front gentle slope of the north foot of Balikun Mountain in Balikun Kazak Autonomous County, the site group is distributed from southwest to northeast. The site group reaches Xiheigou in the west, has entered between the peaks and valleys in the north foot of Tianshan Mountain in the south, reaches Yuegongtai Mountain in the east, and is bounded by Lanwanzi Village in the north.According to the survey, the site is about 3 kilometers long from north to south, about 5 kilometers long from east to west, and covers an area of about 10 square kilometers.There are stone terraces, stone enclosure foundation sites, stone tombs and rock paintings in the site area.In the west of the site group, stone structure building sites are the main sites, and tombs and a small number of rock paintings are scattered among them. Among them, hundreds of rock paintings are distributed in the foothills outside Xiaogoukou.Hundreds of tombs are distributed on the hillsides on both sides outside the curved gully in the middle of the site group.A large number of rock paintings are distributed on the mountain front slope from the Bend Valley in the east of the site cluster to Yuegongtai. The rock paintings are most densely distributed on the hillside outside the mouth of Wangou and Dazhigou.[13]
Fengtun Site in HamiLocated in Hami, there are 51 beacon cherts of all ages, which is the most and best preserved area in Xinjiang.Among them, Balikun Kazak Autonomous County has the largest number of beacon cherts, 29 in total, while Hami City and Yiwu County have 19 and 3 respectively.The earliest beacon towers in Hami were built in the Tang Dynasty, and there are still four Tang beacon towers in the territory, namely, Laksumu beacon towers in Hami Second Castle, Xiamabulak beacon towers in Liushuquan, Santang Lake beacon towers in Balikun, and Kuotuxona beacon towers in Yiwu Qianshan.Most of the preserved beacon towers were built in the Qing Dynasty.The highest density of beacon towers is from the county seat of Balikun Kazak Autonomous County westward to the line of Sarchok, where there is one every 2-3 kilometers, and there are 13 beacon towers facing each other. The city is like Cen Shen's poem: "The cold post is as far away as the point, and the border beacon towers look at each other".[14]
Huancaigou Stone CarvingLocated 45 kilometers north of Hami City, this stele was originally carved in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In addition, the four characters "Tang Jiang Xing Ben" in regular script and the last line "Zhenguan" and "June of the 14th year" in the last line are inscribed on the stele for Tang people to use the Han stele.It is said that this was the place where Fan Lihua rested on the march in the Tang Dynasty, and Ningyuan General in the Qing DynastyYue ZhongqiGarrison Balikun, when passing by here, saw the colorful pebbles in the ditch, and ordered it to be renamed as Huancai Ditch.[15]
Ruins of the ancient city of LafuqikeIt is located on both sides of Karluk Canal in Sibao Village, Hami City.There are two cities in the east of the canal and one city in the west of the canal.In the east and north of the canal, the city is 180 meters from north to south, 150 meters from east to west, the foundation is 3.5 meters wide, and the remnant height is about 2 meters. There is a watchtower in four corners, and house foundations and mounds can be seen in the city.The southeast city of the canal is a little small, each side is about 100 meters long, and the residual height is about 3 meters. A lookout tower is built in the northeast corner, which is about 10 meters high.Only Dongyuan remains in the ancient city of Quxi, with a residual length of nearly 100 meters.Going north along the canal, there are many relics such as beacon towers and Buddhist temples on the hills.[16]
Gais TombIt is located in Dayingmen Village, a suburb township in the southwest of Hami City. It is known as "Saint Tomb", also known as "Green Arch Worship".Covering an area of 8 mu, Gaisi Tomb faces south in the north. It is an Islamic building with a civil structure and a height of about 10 meters. It is divided into upper and lower parts.The cornice vault is supported by 24 logs. The whole cemetery is rectangular (long and narrow from north to south), and the rear is the main building of Gaisi Tomb.The tomb is about 15 meters high and divided into two parts. The upper part is an arched dome, covered with green glazed bricks, and the lower part is square;There are cloisters outside, 7 in the north and 7 in the south, and 6 in the east and west.Surrounded by a 50 cm high wooden fence, it is exquisite in structure and majestic in shape. Seen from afar, it looks like a shining green agate embedded in the Hami oasis.In the center of the tomb is the grave platform of the Saints of Gais. The platform is 2 meters wide, 3 meters long and 1.70 meters high. The whole grave platform is surrounded by thick cloth with white flowers on a blue background.The tomb platform is covered with silk and embroidered blankets offered by pilgrims from all over the country. There are mirror frames and brocade scrolls on the wall. The Koran scriptures are written on the white wall six or seven meters high in the hall.In front of the tomb, there are bungalows in the east for tomb watchers to live in, and a large cemetery for pilgrims in the west. The yard is shaded with trees, solemn and quiet.[17]
Gais Tomb
Baiyanggou Buddhist Temple Site
Baiyanggou Buddhist Temple SiteIt is distributed on both sides of the Baiyang River, and the main buildings are concentrated on the west bank. There are not only Buddhist temples, but also grottoes, stupas, and so on. There are few preserved buildings on the east bank.The main hall in the site is on the west bank, with a clay seated Buddha in the middle. In front of the seated Buddha, there should be a statue of the King on both sides of the hall, leaving only two bases.There is a grotto on the north side of the main hall. The murals inside the grotto are completely destroyed, and there is a square central column in the middle.Behind the main hall is a group of buildings. Because the statue of sitting Buddha in the main hall is built against the cliff of the mountain, this group of buildings can be said to be built directly behind the statue of Buddha.More than 30 meters north of the main hall, there is a hill with grottoes.There are also some regularly arranged pits on the mountain in the east, which may be the traces left by the wooden components used in the original civil architecture in front of the cave.There are still some building sites on the top of the hill, which can be inferred that there were houses and pagodas.Most of these grottoes are center pillar grottoes, some of which are connected to each other, and some of them still have very few murals, such as the Little Thousand Buddhas.The building behind the main hall looks like a quadrangle. It seems to have wing rooms on the east, west and north. It should be a monk's room. There is an earthen platform near the north. The overall layout is like a place for lecturing.There is a small meditation room in the south of the building, which is well preserved.There is a stupa more than 300 meters south of the building area of the main hall.It is round and broken, full of vicissitudes of life.About 3 meters to the east of the pagoda, there is a meditation room. The top plane is square, and square ridges protrude from each side. It is speculated that there might be decorations such as pagodas.On the small earthen terrace not far from the south of the stupa, there is a small temple. It faces south from north. Three houses are juxtaposed from east to west. A lower door opening opens on the north wall of the easternmost room, leading to the back.There is another wall behind the north wall of the temple. Between the two walls is a ramp corridor, from which you can climb onto the roof of the temple. There may have been a pagoda on it.[21]
Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Art (Hami Muqam)It is a large Uyghur music divertimento with a long history, large length and complete structure spread in Hami, eastern Xinjiang. There are 12 sets of "Qiongdur Mukam" and "Uruk Duer Mukam", among which 7 sets include two movements (i.e. two sets of tracks), 258 tracks and thousands of lines of lyrics.During its formation and development, Hami Muqam“Izhoule”On the basis of, it has absorbed the music and art nutrition from the Central Plains, Central Asia and West Asia to varying degrees, reflecting the characteristics of cultural diversity in terms of lyrics, style, structure, etc.In history, Hami Muqam has gone through the process of spreading and integrating from folk to palace, and finally back to folk. Through the continuous singing and sorting out of folk artists, it has formed a complete structure of divertimento.Each set of Mukam is composed of a loose preface, multiple songs with 4/4, 7/8, and 5/8 rhythms, and multiple song and dance songs with 2/4 rhythms, reflecting typical integrity characteristics.The naming method of Hami Mukamu has kept the Uygur tradition, and the names of each set of Mukamu have kept the Uyghur names all the way, such as "Uruk Duer Mukamu", "Hi Hi Yolan Mukamu" and "Ganikam Mukamu", which are very unique among Mukamu in Xinjiang.[8]
Uighur SenemIt is an indispensable part of the daily life of the Uygur people in Hami City. The Uygur people hold a Massey Love party every festival, wedding ceremony, and gathering of relatives and friends, and enthusiastically jump up the sinem at the party to celebrate.Sainaim has a long history, mainly originated from the oases in southern Xinjiang, which are engaged in agricultural life, inhabited by ethnic groups, and highly developed culture.Since the 16th century, under the guidance of Kedirhan, Yarkandi, Amani Lohan (Nafis) and other musicians, the Twelve Mukams formed through the excavation, collection and sorting of many folk musicians have absorbed the Sainaim that has long been popular among the people, and become a part of the poor Naierman in every Mukam. Sainaim is still widely spread in its independent form.
Wubao Sainaim is one of the popular traditional Uyghur song and dance arts in Wubao area, mainly composed of "Sainaim", "Baladedinga", "Yaerdai", "Yaerdai", "Yaerdai", "Yaerdai", "Maliburi Sayaltola", "Bribulikzi", "Tolhai", "Baierdai Shaqiqin Kiayra", "Tolaka Day Mansanha", "Tahedi Kaikachuerda"It is composed of 9 divertimentos, including love songs, life songs and various folk songs expressing the people's joys and sorrows.
Kaqun Sinaim is a traditional song and dance performed with the accompaniment of Uygur hand drums, Dutal, flutes, Aiczech, Rewap, Tabar, Suona and other national instruments. It consists of nine Sinaim, 51 tunes (songs) and 150 Kushak (poems) with rich content.The performances are divided into four parts: Mukam, Senem, Salakqushurge (the last part) and Maisilev (Maisilev with 15 single tunes, including more than 100 Kushak songs)MaixilevEntertainment folk games will be interspersed between performances to set off the atmosphere.[9]
Xinjiang QuziAccording to the content, the repertoire can be divided into two categories: elegant and popular. According to the performing profession, it can be divided into literary opera and martial opera, and according to the musical structure, it can be divided into overtones and minor.It is mainly composed of sitting singing, which can be performed on professional stage, and can also be played in farmhouses and fields.During the performance, Sanxian, Banhu and Erhu are the main instruments, and other instruments such as flute, flick, tile, etc. are selected according to the situation of the performers. Most of the sermons are in local dialect.In the long-term performance practice, Xinjiang tunes play an important role in enriching the cultural life of the people, maintaining national unity and border stability.In addition, it also plays an important role in the inheritance of national traditional culture and ethics.[10]
Uygur embroidery
Uygur embroideryIt is a folk embroidery art with national characteristics, which is mainly popular in Hami, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.It was formed and developed on the basis of Islamic culture by learning from and integrating Han Manchu culture and Buddhist culture.Almost all Uyghur women are skilled in embroidery. Before getting married, girls should study various embroidery skills diligently to complete the daily necessities necessary for marriage, such as embroidery pillows.Uighur embroidery has various forms of expression, among which four types of "flower cap", "pillow flower", "garment border flower" and "coat single flower" can best reflect the cultural characteristics of the Uighur people.In terms of craftsmanship, Uygur embroidery has absorbed some skills of Suzhou embroidery and Beijing embroidery, and formed a variety of embroidery methods, such as flat embroidery, knot embroidery, pan gold and silver embroidery, cross embroidery, tie flannel embroidery, grid embroidery, and comprehensive embroidery.The Uygur embroidery art in Hami is the product of the Uygur multi culture and the local culture of Hami, and has research value in ethnology and folk art.Protecting and inheriting this excellent national art is conducive to strengthening national unity, promoting national integration, and making important contributions to the construction of a harmonious society.[11]
Xinjiang Uygur Mai Xi Re Fu (Uygur Kuoke Mai Xi Re Fu)
Xinjiang Uygur Mai Xi Re Fu (Uygur Kuoke Mai Xi Re Fu)Its origin is directly related to the worship of "Tengger" by the Uighur ancestors in Hami City. In the 8th century, words related to the worship of "Tengger" have appeared in the inscriptions in Turkic and Uighur inscriptions.It usually starts at the beginning of the winter after the autumn harvest and ends at the beginning of the snowy winter next year (held between January and March 21). It is a special way for farmers to spend the winter safely and celebrate the New Year, which shows their joy of harvest and their wish for a better harvest in the coming year.Kuok Mexilev is held indoors, and other Mexilev have no venue requirements.Kuokmai Xirepu directly reflects the knowledge and belief of ancient Uygur residents about oasis farming culture, and shows the simple natural view and strong humanistic spirit of Uygur people.[12]
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Hami Huiwang Mansion
Hami Huiwang MansionIt was the residence of Uygur leaders in Hami region after the Qing Dynasty. It was built in the 45th year of Kangxi (1706) of the Qing Dynasty, and was designed and built by the first Hui king of Hami, Ebaidulayan, who invited Han craftsmen to build on the basis of the original Mongolian palace.As a building bearing the history of hundreds of years, what Hami Huiwang Mansion witnessed and commemorated is not the unworthy deeds of a certain Huiwang, but the patriotic feelings of successive Huiwang to safeguard the reunification of the motherland.[22]
Hami Huiwang Mansion
Balikun Lake
Balikun LakeKnown as "Puleihai" in ancient times, it is located 18 kilometers northwest of the county seat of Balikun Kazak Autonomous County.Balikun Lake is a salt water lake with an altitude of 1585 meters. The lake is formed by the confluence of spring water around it. The maximum water area is more than 800 square kilometers.Commonly known as "Xihaizi", it is a major landscape of Balikun Kazak Autonomous County.Balikun Lake plays a vital role in improving the groundwater level of the whole Balikun grassland, maintaining the ecological balance of Balikun wetland, regulating the climate of the basin, and increasing rainfall.Around it, especially on the vast grassland in the east of the lake, there are many pools, reeds and lush pastures.The vast wetland is not only an ideal pasture, but also a paradise for a large number of waterfowl and other wild animals to live and multiply.Every spring, summer and autumn, geese, wild ducks, white gulls and other countless waterfowl live and multiply here, often flying across the lake in groups, or looking for food in the lake, adding vitality to Balikun Lake.There are also abundant mirabilite and salt pans in the lake. The lake water produces aquatic artemia, whose eggs are known as "golden sand" and are excellent bait for feeding prawns.[26]
Balikun Lake
Local specialty
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Santanghu Hami Melon
Santanghu Hami MelonHistorically, it was used as a tribute for the Qing court to eat. Since the 1990s, Balikun Kazak Autonomous County has developed the cultivation of Hami melon, which is famous for its good quality.Santanghu Hami melon is oval in shape, with bright yellow skin and fine reticulated surface.There is a clear boundary between the peel and the pulp. The pulp is orange, 4-6 cm thick, tender, crisp, sweet and refreshing.Sandy loam soil is suitable for its deep plough layer, suitable soil structure, good physical and chemical properties and high soil fertility.Ambient air quality reaches《Ambient air quality standard》Level I air environment quality standard specified, and irrigation water quality reaches《Water quality standard for farmland irrigation》Standards.The late maturing Hami melon with a growth period of about 110 days, high yield, high quality, and strong disease resistance suitable for the local area is selected as the main cultivar.[18]
Santanghu Hami Melon
South Lake Hami Melon
South Lake Hami MelonThe shape is oval, the skin color is mostly green or yellow, and the whole body is covered with dense net lines. The average weight of a single melon is 2-3 kg.The early and middle ripening Hami melon with a growth period of 85 to 100 days, high yield, good quality and strong disease resistance suitable for the local area is selected as the main cultivar.The boundary between the peel and the pulp is clear. The pulp is mostly orange. The taste is fragrant, mellow, crisp and sweet.Soluble solids>13%, total acid ≤ 0.7g/kg, reduced ascorbic acid>8mg/100g.Quality and safety regulations: The production and planting of Nanhu Hami melon meet the requirements of the national standards of the People's Republic of China, such as the National Food Safety Standard - Limits of Pollutants in Food, the National Food Safety Standard - Maximum Residue Limits of Pesticides in Food, and so on.There are no industrial and mining enterprises in the production area of the South Lake Hami melon planting area, and the environment is pollution-free. The environmental quality of the origin must meet the requirements of Green Food - Environmental Quality of the Origin. The atmosphere and soil within the territory meet the relevant national standards.A complete production management record file has been established throughout the production and planting process of South Lake Hami melon.[19]
South Lake Hami Melon
Hami mutton
Hami muttonIt is located in the eastern part of Tianshan Mountains, with mountains and basins alternating, and forests, grasslands, snow mountains and glaciers integrated.The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. In the north, Karlik Mountain and Balikun Mountain are 2000-3000 meters high, and the highest point is 4886 meters above sea level. The central part is a gentle alluvial plain, and the southern part is a middle and low mountain area and Tuha Basin.There are 226 glaciers, 75 valleys, 53 springs, and the average annual surface runoff is 945 million cubic meters, mainly concentrated in the main vein of the East Tianshan MountainsKarlik MountainBalikun Mountain.Water resources are mainly supplied by Tianshan glacier snow melting water, atmospheric precipitation and bedrock fissure water, and seasonal rivers such as Yiwu River, Liutiao River, Baiyang River and Shichengzi River run through the territory.The climate is dry and hot, belonging to temperate continental arid climate, with drought and little rain all the year round.The annual average temperature is 1 ℃, the annual precipitation is 220.5 mm, the annual evaporation is 1630 mm, and the frost free period is 98 days.There are 58.51 million mu of usable grassland, mainly alpine meadow, alpine grassland, mountain meadow, temperate grassland and plain desert grassland.Hami sheep mainly grow in alpine pastures over 1500 meters, which can be divided into summer pastures, spring and autumn pastures, winter spring and autumn pastures, winter pastures, four season pastures, etc. The vegetation is luxuriant and diverse, with 749 kinds of plants belonging to 58 families, mainly including high-quality forage grass of gramineae and leguminosae, and salt tolerant plants such as Suaeda salsa, Puccinellia salina, Salsola salsa, Salsola collina, Ceratoides.[20]
Hami mutton
Hami melon
Hami melonIt is famous at home and abroad. It became a tribute in the Qing Dynasty and was named Hami melon.In December 2008, Hami melon was protected as a national geographical indication product.[23]
red date
red date Ranking the first in China, the ancients once lamented that "the big date doubted the immortal clock".In February 2010, Hami jujube was protected as a national geographical indication product.[23]
Hami cotton has good quality and high yield.High quality mutton is unique.Focusing on the construction of large-scale and standardized agricultural production bases, modern agricultural demonstration parks, jujube standardization parks, and modern animal husbandry demonstration parks, characteristic agriculture has become the most stable and potential industry in Yizhou District.In addition to thousands of years of rich agricultural knowledge, a large amount of scientific and technological investment, as well as Hami's unique natural resources such as large temperature difference, strong sunshine, low precipitation, and irrigation of mountains, rivers and groundwater, all together constitute the dominant resources of Hami's characteristic agriculture.[23]
Honors won
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In November 2023, it was named "National Food Safety Demonstration City".[27]
