Imbibition

The way plants absorb water

Imbibition: When the starch grains and proteins of macromolecules are in the gelation state, there are large and small gaps between these macromolecules, and the water molecules will quickly Diffusion or Capillary action Equal entry Gel: Set & Match Inside, polar water molecules are combined with hydrophilic gel, and expand Process.

Chinese name: Imbibition
Foreign name: imbibition
Mainly: Nonliving body

Water absorption mode of plants: Imbibition and Infiltration
Imbibitive cell: Cells at growth points, stem seed cells, etc
Osmotic cells: Mature plant cells with vacuoles

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Water absorption mode

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Imbibition

There are two ways for plants to absorb water: imbibition and Infiltration 。

Principle of imbibition

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It is a nonliving physical process plant cell At the center of formation vacuole The main water absorption method before. Plant tissues contain many such substances, such as cellulose, pectin, starch and protein, which have strong hydrophilicity. When they are not saturated with water, they have a strong potential to absorb water. The most obvious example is air dried seeds, because they store a lot of protein or starch. The binding trend of protein and water is greater than that of starch, so the imbibition of legume seeds is very obvious. The imbibited object expands due to the adsorption of water molecules, and its pressure is very large. For example, if the dry seeds are filled with rock cracks, the imbibition pressure generated by its water absorption can cause rock fracture.

Imbibition mode

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It is the way that plant cells without vacuoles absorb water, such as growing point The principle is that there are a lot of hydrophilic substances in the cells, which can absorb a lot of water from the outside. Living cells and dead cells can absorb water through swelling.

Infiltration principle

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It is a way for mature plant cells with vacuoles to absorb water. The principle is: the protoplasm layer has selective permeability. There is a concentration difference between the solution inside and outside the protoplasm layer, so water molecules can diffuse from the side with low concentration of solution to the side with high concentration of solution through the protoplasm layer. The osmotic pressure of the solution is related to the amount of solute molecules in the solution. The more solute molecules in the solution, the higher the osmotic pressure, and vice versa. When comparing the osmotic pressure of the two solutions, take the amount of solute molecules in the two solutions as the standard for comparison. If the solute molecules are the same, the mass fraction can also be compared. The cell that can absorb water through osmosis must be a living cell. A mature Botany Cell is an osmotic system. The best example to verify the absorption or loss of water through osmosis is the separation of mass wall and Plasmolysis restoration Experiment. Excessive fertilization at one time causes "seedling burning", which is due to the sudden increase in the concentration of soil solution, which makes it difficult or impossible for the root cells of plants to absorb water. One of the reasons why most crops in saline alkali land cannot grow normally is that the concentration of soil solution is too high. Preserved fish and meat are not easy to deteriorate, because the high concentration of salt solution causes bacteria and other microorganisms to lose water and die.

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