You Taibo (Gu Taitong), Yin GaozongWudingForty yearsBing ShenFourth birthday in early April, founding the country“Gouwu”, taking the state name as surname, the first monarch of the State of Wu, reigned for 49 years and died in the fourth year of WuyiBing YinOn the fifth day of March, he died at the age of 91 and married Mr. Bu,Wu'sThe first ancestor of Kai family.King Tai Gu of ZhouBullThe eldest son.Buried in Wuxi, Jiangsu ProvinceHongshan(It was called Huangshan in ancient times).
[Story] In 1123 BC, the Tai Wang intended to pass the throne toSeasonal calendarHis son Chang, Tai Bo and his younger brotherZhong YongRelocate to JingmanGouwu, establishWu kingdom。
[Textual Research]《The Book of Songs·Emperor Yi said: "The emperor and the state oppose each other, since the Taibo and Wangji".Confucius"Taibo, it can be said that he has been extremely virtuous! Three things make the world give way, and the people have nothing to gain." Liu Zhaoyun:“Wuxi CountyDonghuang MountainThere is Taibo Tomb. Go to the Tomb Ten BoundariesShangpingThere are old houses, but their wells still exist. "
《Wu Taibo Family》Said TaiboZhong YongBothKing Tai of ZhouSon,Seasonal calendarBrother.Among the brothers, Ji Li is the most famous, and his son Chang (laterKing Wen of Zhou）MoreA virtuous monarchTalent.King Tai of Zhou intended to let Ji Li and Chang's father and son inherit the throne, so Taibo and Zhongyong escaped from the central Shaanxi Plain to avoid the Jing Barbarians, and their bodies and hair were cut off.Week afterfather of the first Zhou kingSon ofKing Wu of ZhouAfter the victory of conquering Zhou and destroying Shang Dynasty, after looking for Taibo and Zhongyong, seeZhou ZhangHe has become king in Wu, so he was granted the younger brother of Zhou ZhangYu ZhongYu Xiaxu (i.e. Anyi, Shanxi todayXiaxian CountyOne Belt).So far, the story of Taibo and Zhongyong abdicating their seats and running away ended.Today's ShanxiZhongtiao MountainBranch ofWestern Zhou DynastyIt has been called Yushan Mountain, also known as Wushan Mountain. Yuzhong's land is near Wushan Mountain.YuPhonemeIt is "Wu". It can be seen that the words Yu and Wu have the same or similar sound in ancient times and can be used interchangeably.[12]
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Seasonal calendarAnd his sonJichangAll of them were wise. Therefore, the father of the ancient duke had the idea of setting Jili as the successor so that he could pass the throne to Jichang.The Taibo knew what his father, Gu Gongdan, was thinking. In order to help his father, he and his second younger brother Zhongyong moved tocollective name of four counties in HunanThe place is tattooed to show that you cannot inherit the throne to avoid the seasonal calendar.[4]After arriving at Gouwu, Taibo did not marry. After governing Gouwu for 49 years, he died at the age of 91. After his death, he was buried on Hongshan Mountain. It was said that he was located in Zhongyong, the second younger brother.So far, Taber has created two worlds, one is Zhou Tianxia, the third younger brother, and the other is Wu Tianxia, the second younger brother. His virtue is so noble that later generations will respect him and be respected as the supreme virtueConfucius, Three Rang Wang, the ancestor of Jiangnan culture.At that time, King Wu of Zhou Keyin, after begging Taibo and Zhongyong, won Zhou Zhang.Zhou Zhang had already ruled Wu, so he was granted the title.Yu Zhong, the younger brother of Zhou Zhangdi, was granted the title of "Xia Xu" because he was in the north of Zhou.[6]It is said that on the way through the Taihang Jiuquan Mountain (today's city of JinWuwang Mountain）, later generations renamed it Wuwang Mountain in memory.
Taibo andZhong YongSettle down together after avoiding Jing ManMerry(Now Wuxi, JiangsuPlum Village）。Indigenous peoplesHe believed that Taibo had morality and righteousness, and there were more than 1000 families following him, and he established Taibo as the local monarch, honoring him as Taibo Wu“Gouwu”。[5]However, whether the Taibo brothers have arrived in the south of the Yangtze River is an inconclusive statement. It was Liu Zhao, the magistrate of Wuxi in the Southern Dynasty, who started this statement when he annotated the Annals of the Later Han Dynasty.It has been difficult to determine exactly where Meili is in the ancient books.《Master Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals》The Seven Years of Duke Ai: Abbess WuSlaughter outSaid, "Uncle Duan entrusted the governmentZhou RitesZhongyong's successor, with his hair cut off and tattooed, is not polite. "
Shang dynastyLast year,central plainsThe princes of the region used soldiers frequently, and the Taibo was afraid of the danger of soldiers, so he built them in Meili PingxuCity wallIt is called "Gu Wu", but there is no historical record of this saying and there is no localsite of an ancient cityIt's just that someone in Wuxi speculated like this today.It is said that after Taibo established the capital of Meili, he vigorously built water conservancy and developedagricultural production, once "wear and drain for drought and waterlogging".Legend has it that Taibo made the cutBodu River, it flows through Fangqian, Meicun, Dangkou, untilCaohu LakeWith a total length of 43 kilometers, it is the first artificially excavated river in ancient Chinese history.WuxiQingming BridgeA common name“Bodu Port”One action is to make the port more convenient.The excavation of the Bodu River has benefited the local people from time to time.ConfuciusIn The Analects of Confucius, Taibo said: "Taibo is the most virtuous person. Three things make the world better, and the people have nothing to gain." Taibo's virtue of making the world better and developing the south of the Yangtze River has been respected by later generations.
The Taibo has no children. His younger brotherZhong YongSuccession.Taibo was buried at the south foot of Huangshan Mountain (later named Hongshan Mountain) in Meilidong (today's Hongsheng Town).King Wu of ZhouAfter destroying the Shang Dynasty, they sent people to find Zhongyong's descendantsZhou Zhang, officially canonizedZhou ZhangHe is the monarch of the State of Wu.Taibo is respected by later generationsWu CultureThe ancestor of.
Legends
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Wu Taibo[7]
TaiboZhou DynastyThe throne was given to his third brother, and then he took his second brother to the east. The great uncle was moved by his noble demeanorcollective name of four counties in HunanThere are more than 1000 families attached to him.So TaiboTaihu BasinRebuild the country“Gouwu”, and todayWuxiMerry(now known as Meicun Township) built the early city as the capital.The Taibo went to Wu and brought the seeds of Central Plains civilization to the backward Jiangdong region.But TaiboZhong YongIn the new living environment, the people were brave to open up, and over the years, the people were rich, and finallySoutheast ChinaStand firm.For future generationsWu kingdomLay the foundation.After the death of this noble pioneer, he was buried in Meili Pingxu, the last foothold of his eastward migration and the stronghold of his new world in the southeast.
The Statue of Wu Taibo in Biography of Ancient Sages[8]
It is said that after the death of Taibo, all the people in Wu were in grief, and the cry was loud.The people scrambled to offer flowers to his body, and there were no flowers left all over the mountain.Many people who left behind could not bear to go home empty handed. They gathered together to discuss. Tai Bo liked planting hemp best when he was alive, so everyone gathered hemp bunches and tied them around his waist to express people's respect and condolences.After thousands of years, these two customs have been passed down among the people, thus formingChinese nationFuneral customs of mourning for the dead elders.Wu changed his residence in Meili toAncestral TempleThis is today's Taibo Temple, also known as Zhide Templeyield the throneTemple.Taibo Temple was rebuilt on the basis of the ancient temple site of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In front of the main hall is built in the Ming DynastyThe stone archway, wrote "Supreme VirtueMingbang”The four characters are striking.Famous poet of Tang DynastyTortoise shellHe Taibo TempleOdeThe saying goes: "The old city is desolate, the virtues are desolate, and the nave is wet with pepper every year. Recently, father and son have fought for the world, and they don't believe that there is a king who can let go." Later generations of poets and writers have many poems and writings about the Temple of Taber.
It is said that the ninth day of the first lunar month is Taibo's birthday, so on this day, people in Meili area go to pay homage to him.On the Tomb sweeping Day of the lunar calendar, there are more solemn festival activities to worship Taibo Temple in Meili Village.
Historical evaluation
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Confucius"Taibo is a man of great virtue. Three things make the world give way and the people have nothing to gain."[9]
Taibo Tomb is built of blue marble, more than 2 meters high and more than 3 meters in diameter;The top of the tomb is filled with loess, and the grass is green all the year round.The tombstone is square, with three simple and elegant seal characters "Taibo Tomb" carved on the front.In front of the tomb stood two tall and majesticornamental columnThe Chinese watch is carved with a powerful lion.Built in front of the tomb for sacrificeEnjoy the hall, built in 1818.Carved on the stone beside the hall doorQi YanhuaiA couplet written in praise of Taibo's greatest merit and virtue. Its text is: "Different aspirations lead to the killingThree concessionsThe two worlds have made the same contribution to the development of the ancient Jiangnan. "
Bodu River
Bodu River[10]
Bodu River, formerly Taibodu, located in JiangsuWuxiOfQingming BridgeNearby.At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Wu TaiboMerryCreate TickWu kingdomLater, in order to irrigate and discharge floodChinese historyThe first artificial river "Bodu River".The Bodu River has a history of more than 3000 years and a total length of 43 kilometersPlum VillageTo Goose Lake.During the Spring and Autumn Period,King Helu of WuAttack the State of Chu and the King of Wu in the westking of Wu during the Spring and Autumn PeriodNorthern ExpeditionQi State, all passed through the Bodu River.[10]
Taibo Temple, also known asZhide TempleRangwang Temple, located in Wuxi, Jiangsu ProvinceMeicun TownAlong the Bodu River.In the second year of Yongxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (154),Emperor Huan of the Han DynastyIn memory of Wu Taibo, the imperial edictWujunThe chief guard, Mi Bao, stands at Taibo's old house.[11]
The existing Taibo Temple isMing and Qing architectureIn front of the temple stands a pool, on which stands a single hole arched stone bridge, called "Xianghua Bridge".Qiaobei graniteThe stone archway, engraved with "Zhide"Mingbang”Four words.To the north of Stone AltarLattice star gateThere are six stone columns, 6 meters high, carved with cloud dragons and cranes.Lingxing Gate is the first entrance building of Taibo Temple, three rooms wide.There are courtyard wing rooms behind, nine in the east and nine in the west.Ancient cypresses still exist in the yardLaurelOne for each.[11]
Taibo Hall is five rooms wide.In 1983, when the Taibo Temple was renovated, a statue of Taibo was made, 4.5 meters tall.There are 28 statues of Taibo and Zhongyong descendants on both sides.In 1987, Lu Dingyi and Zhao Puchu wrote "Taibo Temple" and "Supreme Virtue and High Wind" plaques respectively.Next to the Temple of Taber, the archway of "The First Ancient Town in Jiangnan" has been erected, and "Taber Garden" is under construction.On May 25, 2006, Taibo Temple and Tomb, as ancient buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, were approved by the State Council to be listedThe sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection unitsname list.[11]
Taber well
Taber well
Taibo Well, also known as Rangwang Well, is located in the east of Zhide Hall, with clear and delicious water.It is said that Taber chiseled for local residents to use water.However, according to textual research, Taibo Well was built in the Warring States Period.Since the Temple of Taber was built, it has always been the kitchen well of the Temple of Taber.Liu Zhao of the Southern Dynasty《Notes to Later Han Dynasty》Record:“Wuxi CountyEast, Mount Huangshan Taibo Tomb.How can people cultivate respect.There is an old house ten miles from the tomb, but the well still exists. "《Records of Wu》It is recorded that "Wu built Meili Pingxu, a city where there was a house. The old site and well still exist."
Poets of Tang DynastyLi ShenIn his later years, he lived in seclusion in the Taibo Temple and left many poems and essays in the templeWhere is todayThere is a spring in the well of Pingxu;After Liang Hong's heavy dredging, it has lasted for thousands of years. "
Wuwang Mountain
Wuwang Mountain
be locatedShanxiprovinceJinchengCity, the place where Taibo traveled to Wu.According to the Ming Dynasty《Zezhou Prefecture Annals》On "WuShenshan CountySix li in the southwest, the branch of Jin and Pu, the temple worships Taibo Zhongyong. "It is said that it was widely planted hereapricotTrees are used to purify folk customs.
