Ancient calendar, generally referring to the ancient calendar orLunar calendarThe ancient Chinese calendar is mostly the lunar calendar, while the modern Chinese calendar is the combination of the lunar calendar and the solar calendar.
The basic elements of the ancient Chinese calendar - sun, qi and new moon.China will start fromShang DynastyAdopted since the timesGan Zhi Ji Ri。From Jiazi to Guihai, 60 stems and branches were recycled in turn."Qi" is an element of the Gregorian calendar in the Chinese ancient calendar, and it is a year from the winter solstice to the next winter solstice（Regression year)。A year is divided into 24 "qi", calledtwenty-four solar terms。Divided equally by timeFlatness。Divided equally according to the distance taken by the sun in a yearStationary gas。From the winter solstice, every other qi, such as severe cold, rain, spring equinox, etc., is called medium qi;The other twelve, such as Xiao Han, Beginning of Spring, Waking of InsectsSolar term。New moon is the lunar calendar element of the ancient Chinese calendar.HeliocentricEclipticThe time with the same longitude is called Shuo.The speed of the moon around the earth is uneven, and the period of its speed change is called a perigee moon.Annual apparent motion of the sunThe speed of is also uneven.Its change cycle until the end of the Ming Dynasty has been considered as a regression year (see year, month).Since the movement of the sun and the moon is uneven, the time between two successive new moons is also unequal.However, after long-term observation and statistics, a relatively stable average can be obtained, which is called aNew Moon。The new moon calculated from the new moon is called Pingshuo.The real new moon is obtained by correcting the uneven movement of the sun and the moon in Pingshuo, which is calledDefinite new moon(SeeOutlook)。
The civil calendar in ancient China can be divided into three periods according to the changes of Qi and Shuo: ① From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the early Tang Dynasty, the period of Pingshuo and Pingqi was used. ②From the beginning of the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was the period of calming Qi and fixing Shuo. ③After the Qing Dynasty, it was the period of Dingqi and Dingshuo.
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gǔ lì ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄧˋ
Ancient Calendar
(1) It is generally called the ancient calendar.
The Book of the Sui Dynasty, the Biography of Art, Zhang Zhouxuan: "The stars are old. See you later. All the ancient calendars think so."
《Redords of the Grand History of China·In the almanac, "The past was in ancient times, and the calendar was built in Mengchun", Tang Sima Zhen asked for privacy: "The ancient calendar is called the Yellow Emperor《Adjusting calendar》There used to be Shangyuan《Primordial calendar》All of them take Jianyin as the positive, which is called Meng Chunya. "
(2) . It refers to the lunar calendar.Also known as the summer calendar, the lunar calendar, and the old calendar.
