Ovary, anatomical name.Located in womenpelvic cavityInner is a pair of parenchymal organs.It belongs to female gonad and is oblate and ovoid, including inner and outer sides, front and rear edges, upper and lower ends.The lateral surface is attached to the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity, located at the angle between the beginning of the internal and external iliac arteries, and the medial surface faces the uterus;The upper end is connected to the pelvic wall by the ovarian suspension ligament, and the lower end is connected to the uterus by the ovarian proper ligament;The posterior edge is free, and the anterior edge is attached to the mesentery, and there are blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves in and out.Its size and shape change with age: the surface is smooth in young female stage;After puberty, due to repeated ovulation, the surface formed scars, uneven;The ovary is the largest in sexual maturity, 2.5~5.0cm long, 1.5~3.0cm wide and 0.6~1.5cm thick.After menopause, the volume decreased significantly, while in elderly women, its length, width and thickness were only about 0.5cm.Its main function is to produce and discharge eggs and secrete sex hormones to promote the development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics.Generally speaking, the left and right ovaries discharge one mature egg every month alternately.
The incidence of ovarian cysts is high in women of childbearing age. Because ovulation, hormone secretion, endocrine balance, etc. of female reproductive organs are closely related to the ovary, the incidence of ovarian cysts is closely related to endocrine changes.
(2) Inflammation:
Cysts may be caused by the accumulation of inflammatory fluid and pus in the ovary, urinary system, uterus and accessories.At the same time, endometriosis will endanger the ovary and form chocolate cysts in the ovary.
(3) Body changes:
The change of internal environment is an important factor in the pathogenesis of ovarian cysts.Life habits, diet and psychological pressure will cause excessive acidification in the body, and the decline of body function, resistance and immunity will lead to ovarian and endocrine disorders, which will cause abnormal hyperplasia of ovarian tissue, resulting in cysts, and even cancer in serious cases.
2. Clinical manifestations
Ovary is a common site for women's tumors. Ovarian cysts, as a gynecological disease that seriously threatens women's lives, refer to cystic changes in the ovary. In a broad sense, they belong to one kind of ovarian tumors, which may have different shapes and properties, but regardless of their shapes and properties, they will develop into malignant tumors of the egg nest, namely ovarian cancer.
The symptoms of ovarian cysts vary according to the size, nature, development, secondary degeneration or complications of the tumor.Its clinical manifestations are discomfort and pain in the lower abdomen, increased leucorrhea, yellow color, peculiar smell, and abnormal menstruation. The patient usually has a solid and painless mass in the lower abdomen, and occasionally has pain during sexual intercourse.
3. Treatment
Surgical treatment is a method of western medicine treatment, and it is necessary to improve preoperative preparation, including patients' general symptoms and conditions, anesthesia scheme selection, instruments and related drugs, first aid measures, surgical methods, operations and scope.The operation plan was selected according to the patient's age, tumor nature, growth and location, adhesion, malignant metastasis, etc. Some patients with ovarian cysts needed biopsy before surgery because the nature of the tumor could not be determined in advance.Although there are many surgical treatment methods, the surgery has a great damage to the body, so the patients have a low choice rate of surgical treatment due to postoperative recovery, complications and other factors.
