Nanyang Han Painting Museum

National first-class museum

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synonym Nanyang Han Painting Museum (Nanyang Han Painting Museum) Generally refers to Nanyang Han Painting Museum

Nanyang Stonecarved art Museum in Han Dynasty is located in Nanyang City, Henan Province Wollongong The dragon head at the south end is National AAA Tourist Attraction^[1] It is the earliest, largest and largest museum of stone carvings of Han Dynasty in China. The Han Dynasty Painting Museum was opened to the public in October of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), and then three new buildings were built, with a growing scale. In 2016, the total number of visitors was 653200, including 280651 local visitors, 367862 foreign tourists and 2085 overseas tourists.

According to the official website of Nanyang Han Painting Museum in April 2020, the museum has more than 2000 cultural relics. The Han Painting Hall covers an area of 53560 square meters, with a building area of 6000 square meters. It includes 9 main exhibition halls and 3 temporary exhibition halls. The overall building is in the shape of "T".

In 2000, Nanyang Han Painting Museum won the "2000 National Top Ten Exhibition Excellence Award"^[2] ； In 2008, it was rated as National first-class museum^[3] : In December 2019, it won the title of "Advanced Collective for Free Opening of Henan Provincial Museum".^[4] On July 27, 2023, it was identified as "the second batch of historical buildings in Nanyang City".^[18]

Chinese name: Nanyang Han Painting Museum
Foreign name: Nanyang Stonecarved art Museum in Han Dynasty
area covered: 53560 m²
Category: Thematic Museum
Opening Hours: 8：00-17：30

Ticket Price: Free Admission
Location: No. 398, Hanhua Street, Wolong District, Nanyang City, Henan Province
Time for Completion: December 1999
Collection: Yangwu, Leigong, etc
Collection quantity: More than 2000 pieces

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seven Visit information

Historical evolution

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Nanyang Han Painting Museum

Nanyang Han Painting Museum was founded on October 10, the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935). At that time, the museum was located in the Nanyang Public Education Museum (now the backyard of Wolong District Broadcasting Station), with 118 Han stone reliefs. The Sixth Administrative Inspector of Henan Province Luo Zhen He wrote the inscription of "Creation and Repair of Nanyang Han Painting Museum".

In 1957, People's Government of Henan Province Allocate special funds to rebuild the seven hole bridge and remove it from under the bridge Han Dynasty stone reliefs Dozens.

In 1958, the Henan Provincial Government allocated 28000 yuan to build another Han painting museum on the east side of the Wuhou Temple in Wolonggang, Nanyang.

In 1959, the construction of the Han Dynasty Painting Museum was started, with 11 sub rooms and 20 gallery rooms planned to be built. The exhibition hall has an exhibition area of more than 900 square meters, with a total collection of more than 500 stone reliefs. The method of inlaying stones between walls is still adopted for display, and more than 500 Nanyang Han Dynasty stone reliefs are collected and exhibited. On September 8 Guo Moruo Mr. Zhang inscribed the name of the Han Dynasty Painting Museum. The rebuilt Han Painting Museum officially opened on October 1. At the same time, two large round sculptures of the Han Dynasty were placed in front of the museum - Tianlu and Exorcism.

In the mid-1970s, the collection of Han Dynasty stone reliefs increased from more than 500 stones to more than 1000 stones, and the capacity of the exhibition hall became saturated again. In 1976, a new building was rebuilt on the northeast side of the original pavilion, and was completed and opened in 1979. The exhibition hall of the new hall covers an area of more than 1700 square meters, covering an area of 2750 square meters.

In the winter of 1978, the infrastructure of the Han Painting Museum was completed, and it was officially opened for exhibition in January of the next year. There are 187 fine stone reliefs on display, and the total number of stone reliefs in the museum has reached 1500.

On October 29, 1985, the former Nanyang Municipal Bureau of Culture and Broadcasting decided that Nanyang Han Painting Museum was an independent institution and a secondary unit directly under the administration of Nanyang.

In 1986, the project was approved by Henan Planning and Economic Commission to rebuild the Han Painting Museum. The foundation of the new museum was laid on July 1, 1988, officially started on August 25, and was completed by the end of 1999. It was officially opened on December 27, 1999.

On May 18, 2009, Nanyang Han Painting Museum officially opened for free.

Architectural pattern

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overview

Nanyang Han Painting Hall covers an area of 53360 square meters. The plane of the exhibition building is in the shape of "T". The total building area is 6000 square meters, and the total exhibition hall area is 2400 square meters. There are 9 main exhibition halls and 3 temporary exhibition halls. In the exhibition hall, there are more than 200 fine stone reliefs.

Exhibition hall

Nanyang Han Painting Museum displays the paintings in categories according to the content of the portraits, which are in turn eight parts: production labor, architectural art, historical stories, social life, astronomy and mythology, angular arrival, dance and music, and auspicious immortality.

Architectural features

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The design of the imitation han exhibition building of nanyang han painting museum. The exhibition building is a white three storey imitation Han building, with peacock blue tiles on the roof, and white ridge eaves and walls. The combination of blue and white makes the exhibition building look simple and elegant. The plane form of the exhibition building refers to the most representative "cross shaped" and "pin shaped" planes in the plane of Han tombs. The designer combines the two and then processes and transforms them, The main exhibition building is in inverted "T" shape. Inspired by the Han paintings, the designer adopted the inverted "rising sub type" roof form for the main hall and auxiliary building of the exhibition building. The roof of the stairwells at both ends of the hall was also designed as a watchtower with full Han flavor. The circular exhibition hall behind the main building also adopted the form of circular arch on the top of the main tomb of the Han Dynasty. In addition, the use of architectural design elements of the Han Dynasty, such as dougong, glazed tile and big cornice, restored the architectural design style of the Han Dynasty. At the three ports of the inverted "T" landscape architecture, three green spaces are set aside in the form of enclosed patios to add life to the rigorous architecture.^[5]

The landscape layout characteristics of Nanyang Han Painting Museum are reflected in its site selection. The site selection of the new Nanyang Han Painting Museum makes full use of the Wolong Hill, a highland in the western suburbs of Nanyang City, which not only makes the landscape layout of Nanyang Han Painting Museum "high and concave, deep and winding, steep and hanging, flat and flat", but also forms the Han culture landscape area in the western suburbs of Nanyang City together with the Temple of Marquis Wu in the north. This combination of natural environment and cultural environment, Make the landscape layout of Nanyang Han Painting Museum more attractive.^[5]

Collection

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overview

According to the official website of Nanyang Han Painting Museum in April 2020, there are more than 2000 pieces of cultural relics in the museum and more than 200 pieces of fine portrait stones in the exhibition hall. In the museum, there are eight major parts on display, including productive labor, architectural art, historical stories, social life, astronomy and mythology, angle, dance and music, and auspicious immortality. The portraits of productive labor mainly include "farming", "fishing", etc; Architectural portraits mainly include double towers, halls and pavilions, which are the concrete embodiment of the architectural achievements of the Han Dynasty; The historical stories mainly include two peaches killing three soldiers, Hongmen Feast, Ximen Leopard governing Ye except Wu, Zhao's orphans, etc. These portraits are an extreme propaganda of Confucian loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, righteousness and morality; The content of social life portraits is complex, including life scenes of dignitaries and dignitaries throwing pots and feasting, riding and hunting, fighting chickens and running dogs, and paying homage to each other; There are also many images of servants and attendants, such as holding a comet, carrying a lamp, holding a toilet box, holding a halberd and a shield; Astronomy and mythology include portraits with astronomical value, such as the sun and moon shining together, the sun and the moon converging, the Big Dipper, the comet, the Cowherd and Zhinv constellation, the Canglong constellation, and many mythological images and stories closely related to astronomy, such as the sun, the moon god, Chang'e flying to the moon, Yi shooting ten days, Lei Gong, Feng Bo, Yu Shi, He Bo, Fu Xi, Nuwa, and so on. These portraits are integrated with celestial phenomena and myths, and have dual values of natural science and humanities; The Jiaoda portraits have fighting skills, fighting against tigers, stabbing tigers, fighting bulls, etc. The people and animals in these portraits are exaggerated and full of appeal, which fully demonstrates the spirit of the times of advocating martial arts and being full of challenges; There are various figures of dance, acrobatics and musical instrument playing in the portraits of dance and music. Jian Drum Dance and Qipan Dance show their respective styles; The flying sword jumps over the pill, and the red narrow handstand is colorful. These portraits show the prosperous scene of singing and dancing in the Han Dynasty, and are also vivid expressions of the unprecedented prosperity of Nanyang culture and art in the Han Dynasty; There are many auspicious birds and animals such as dragons, phoenixes, deer, turtles, etc., and there are also scenes of people playing with dragons and riding tigers. These portraits, which are filled with immortality and surrounded by auspicious clouds, are just the pictorial reflection of the popular idea of heaven man interaction and immortal soul in the Han Dynasty.

Collection

brief introduction	picture
Yangwu: A large bird is carved on the stone in the shape of flying, and its belly has a round wheel to represent the shape of the sun. This bird is Yangwu, the divine bird carrying the sun in myth and legend.^[6]
Thunder bus: a car carved in stone, pulled by three winged tigers, with clouds as wheels and drums in the car. There are two people in the car, the driver in the front and Lei Gong in the back. The ancients believed that the thunder in the sky was the sound of thunder striking the drum. The portrait of Lei Gong's trip indicates a good year with good weather.^[7]
Xu Aqu watched the dance and enjoyed the music: the stone sculpture was divided into upper and lower grids. On the left side of the upper grid, a child sat on the couch to watch children's games. The words "Xu Aqu" are engraved in the blank space in front of the child. The next frame is a hundred dance performances, or flying swords and dancing pills, or dancing drums, or playing the piano, or playing the panpipe. The left side of the portrait is engraved with 136 characters of official script inscription, which tells the story of the tragic death of the tomb owner Xu Aqu at the age of only five years in the third year of Jianning (170 years) of Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His family is very sad. It is an earlier epitaph found in China. This portrait stone went to Japan to participate in the "Big Three Kingdoms" exhibition in March 2008.^[8]
Chang'e Flying to the Moon: A full moon is carved on the top left of the stone, with toads in the moon. A woman should be called Chang'e. She has a snake's tail and faces the moon wheel to fly up. There are stars and clouds in the picture. According to the legend of the Han Dynasty, Yi obtained the elixir from the Queen Mother of the West. After stealing it, his wife became the moon essence toad. In July 2010, this stone went to Japan to participate in the Henan Cultural Relics and Treasures Exhibition, the Source of Chinese Civilization.^[9]
Touhu: Touhu is a popular drinking game in the Han Dynasty. A pot is placed in the picture, and the guest and host hold several arrows to cast the pot in turn. The winner of the pot is the winner, and the loser is fined one cup of wine. A drunken man on the left is sitting on the ground supported by the waiter. The portrait reflects the prevalence of drinking and wine culture in that era. In 2009, this stone went to Beijing and Italy to participate in the Qin and Han Dynasties - Roman Civilization Exhibition.^[10]
The officials of the Zhihu Gate were carved on the back of the south gate of the middle and back room. The picture is carved with a person, wearing a crown, decorated with a red belt at the bottom, wearing a red collar gown, holding a wat in both hands, standing sideways, and decorated with a curtain at the top. The doorman painted his lips red and his feet white. This picture is inverted and another person is carved. The heads of the two people are located at the lower part of each other's robes, which should be wrong. It is not on display.^[11]
The title ring of White Tiger Shop is carved on the front of the south door of the middle and rear room. The picture is carved with a white tiger, with its head raised and mouth opened, its back arched and its tail cocked, and its head ring and triangular zigzag pattern carved below. The tiger's mouth and Pushou's eyes are painted red, and the eyes of Pushou are sketched with ink pen.^[11]
The title ring of Zhuque Shop is carved on the front of the north gate of the north back room. The red rosefinch is carved on the screen, spreading its wings and raising its tail in a flying manner. The lower part is carved with head ring and diamond pattern. Spread the head and eyes in red.^[11]
Name: Han relief stone with "Xu Aqu" inscription Time: Eastern Han Dynasty Dimensions: 112 long, 71 wide, 11 thick (unit: cm) Collection unit: Nanyang Han Painting Museum The portrait is divided into two parts, the upper part is for Ah Qu to watch the game, and the lower part is for music and dance^[19]	Han Dynasty stone relief with inscription "Xu Aqu"

Cultural Activity

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Activity construction

In June 2017, in order to welcome the arrival of "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day", Nanyang Han Painting Museum actively carried out publicity activities around the theme of "Cultural Heritage and the Belt and Road".^[12]

On the morning of November 7, 2017, the "Ocean Wide Sheep City - Guangzhou and the Maritime Silk Road Picture Exhibition" (Nanyang Station), jointly organized by Nanyang Han Painting Museum, Guangzhou Nanyue Palace Museum, and the Office of the Leading Group for the Protection of Guangzhou Maritime Silk Road Historic Sites and the Application for World Heritage, was held in the exhibition hall on the third floor of Nanyang Han Painting Museum.^[13]

On May 18, 2019, Nanyang Hanhua Museum held the activity of "Museum as the cultural hub: the future of tradition" on the occasion of the International Museum Day, and carried out various publicity and education activities.^[14]

academic exchange

On July 11, 2017, Niu Tianwei, director of the Hanhua Research Office of Nanyang Hanhua Museum, was interviewed by the production team of "Henan History and Culture Expo - Folk Houses" of China Education Television.

On July 29, 2017, Niu Tianwei, director of the Hanhua Research Office of Nanyang Hanhua Museum, was invited to give a lecture to the history class of Nanyang Normal University. The lecture was entitled "Museums and Museology".

In November 2017, Niu Tianwei, the director of the Han Painting Research Office of Nanyang Han Painting Museum, was invited to Zhengzhou to give a lecture on the "Zhengzhou Jinshi Inheritance Training Class". The lecture was titled "Inheritance and Development Skills of Han Stone Portraits", and taught the students rubbings skills.^[15]