Single lens refers to the lens composed of only one piece of optical glass, including planoconvex lens, planoconvex lens, biconvex lens, biconvex lens, crescent lens
Linear amplification: the ratio of image length to object length given by the lens[1]。
Angular magnification: the ratio of the angle of view of an object or image when using a lens to the angle of view of an object when using no lens at the clear viewing distance[1]。
The lens does not magnify the angle of view of the object. Its role is to make the object closer and form a clear image in the retina.The objective of a microscope is linear magnification, and the eyepiece is angular magnification.The total magnification of a microscope is the product of the two, which is actually angular magnification.The magnifying glass generally separates the linear amplification from the angular amplification, because when the object is at the focus of the lens, the linear amplification becomes infinite and the angular amplification is finite[1]。
Refractive/diffractive hybrid single lens
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The traditional Kenier eyepiece consists of a double glued lens and a single lens. It is the simplest eyepiece system that can simultaneously correct astigmatism, coma and vertical chromatic aberration.Its achromatism is completed by double gluing lens[2]。
The designed refractive/diffractive hybrid single lens has a flat base surface and a spherical surface on the other side.The design steps of the refractive diffractive hybrid system are as follows: Step 1: under the condition of keeping the power distribution of the system unchanged, replace the double glued lens in the Kenel lens with a refractive single lens.Step 2: Make the diffractive surface plane, input the vertical chromatic aberration and effective focal length function in the optimization function, optimize the structural parameters of the lens where the diffractive surface is located and the first term of the phase function of the diffractive surface, so as to achieve achromatism and keep the total optical power unchanged.After completion, the vertical chromatic aberration and effective focus function in the optimization function are deleted.Step 3: Input the vertical axis aberration function into the optimization function to optimize the second term of the diffraction surface.Realizing the correction of monochromatic aberration.Step 4: Add effective focal length and distortion function to the optimization function, optimize the system under the condition of keeping the effective focal length of the system unchanged, and achieve the best correction of astigmatism, distortion and vertical aberration[2]。
Single lens parameter optimization software
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At present, there are software for optimizing the geometric parameters of single lenses of various shapes, which can be used in conjunction with optical system design software, optical part drawing software, optical process software, optical part online management software, etc[3]。
The functions of single lens automatic optimization design software mainly include: ① determining reasonable initial parameters and correcting unreasonable original parameters; ②If the center thickness is not given in the original data, first determine the center thickness according to the process factors; ③Determine the curvature radius of the lens according to the refractive index n, focal length f, aperture D, central thickness CT; ④In the tolerance range of the center thickness, calculate the radius variation range caused by the change of the center thickness when the focal length is fixed; ⑤According to the focus error range, calculate the radius variation range under certain thickness conditions; ⑥Synthesize ④ and ⑤, and calculate the total variation range of radius according to the corresponding functional relationship; ⑦Within the radius variation range, find out the qualified templates from the template library. ⑧Considering all the required sample radius and other technical parameters, the balance analysis is automatically optimized, and the optimal solution with good process performance, low manufacturing cost and minimum focus error is selected.For example, according to the actual situation of the initial data, the best matching scheme of the part thickness and the template radius can be automatically selected to obtain the best design result. ⑨If no template meeting the design requirements is found in the inventory template, the calculated nominal value will be taken as the design result, and a mark will be made in front of the result to remind the technologist to prepare for the processing process in advance.Using the design method reported in this paper, more than 1000 sets of single lens light of different types can be completed. The running time of this parameter design is ten minutes[3]。
This software can be used in conjunction with optical system design software, optical parts drawing software, optical process software, optical parts online management software, optical parts online management software?More restores[3]。
