Haplotype,haploidGenotype) is a group of alleles in individual tissues that are completely inherited from one parent of both parents, also known as haplotype or haplotype.For example: three pairs of doubleAlleleThere are 8 kinds of haplotypes in total.Systematic research shows thatSNPAn individual ofgivenAlleles, this relationship is calledInterlocking imbalance(linkage disequilibrium, LD), this condition on the same chromosome is called haplotype.[1]
Chinese name
Haplotype
Foreign name
Haplotype
Alias
Haploid or haploid
Definition
A set of associated SNP alleles located in a region of a chromosome
A group of related groups located in a region of a chromosomeSNPAlleles are called haplotypes.Most chromosome regions have only a few common haplotypes (each with a frequency of at least 5%), which represent the majority of people in a populationPolymorphism。A chromosome region can have many SNPs, but only a few tagsSNPsCan provide most of the heredity in the regionpolymorphicpattern.
major function
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There are about 10 million people in all human groupsSNPThe frequency of rare SNP loci is at least 1%.adjacentSNPsThe allele of is inclined to be inherited to offspring as a whole.Haplotype map will describe the common heredity of humanpolymorphicpattern.It includesGroupAreas closely related to SNPs, haplotypes in these areas, and label SNPs of these haplotypes.At the same time, the haplotype map will also mark the areas where SNP loci are not closely related.
Medical Applications
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Researchers generally compare patients and non patients to find out the influence of certain diseases such asdiabetesThe gene of.In two groups of chromosome regions with different haplotype frequencies, it is possible to contain disease related genes.In theory, the researchers studied all 10 millionSNPAll sitesGenotyping, such areas can also be found.However, the cost of verification by this method is too expensive.Pass OrderSomatotypeIt is planned to identify 250000 to 500000 label SNPs, so as to provide 10 million SNP sitesinformation contentRoughly the same map.
HapMap will become the key information for researchers to identify relevant genes that have an impact on human health and disease, as well as on drug and environmental responses.All data generated by this project will be used for free.
The HapMap plan officially started from the first meeting of the HapMap plan on October 27-29, 2002, which is expected to last for three years.fromJapan, UKCanada, ChinaNigeriaCooperate with American scientists.
All relatedgenomeThe analysis of range is Haplotype Map (HapMap)[1]。
