North Island (August 2, 1949 -), formerly known asZhao Zhenkai"Beidao" is a poetMunkThe pseudonym given to him is also his most influential pseudonym.ZhejiangHuzhouPeople, born in Beijing.Chinese contemporary poet and writerHazy poetryOne of the representatives is a folk poetry publication《today》Founder of.
Beidao has successively wonThe Nobel Prize in LiteratureNomination, Swedish Pencil Society Literature Award, American Western Pencil Society Center Free Writing Award, Logo Agna International Poetry Festival Poetry AwardGuggenheim Fellowship , Golden Flower Ring Award, the highest honor of the Struga International Poetry Festival in Macedonia, and the Literature Award held by Japan's Da Companion Family, and were selected asAmerican Academy of Arts and ArtsLifetime honorary academician.[17]
Beidao, originally from Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, was born in Beiping (Beijing) in 1949.
In September 1965, he was admitted to BeidaoBeijing No.4 Middle SchoolHigh School Department.[1]Recalling less than a year of study and life in No. 4 Middle School, Beidao frankly said that this was the most important turning point in his life.At that time, because of poor mathematics, No. 4 Middle School put great pressure on Beidao to learn.[2]
From 1969 to 1980, Beidao worked as a construction worker in Beijing Liujian for 11 years.
Beidao once recalled that after graduating from high school in 1969 and working as a worker in Beijing Urban Construction Company, in the spring of 1970, when Beidao and several friendssummer palaceWhile rowing, a friend recited in the bowindex fingerThe poem, which gave Beidao a strong shock, then began to write poetry.
It was recalled that North Island began to write poems after spending some time at the seaside in 1970. The poems are full of images about the coast, ships, islands and lighthouses.
Around 1973, North Island andBeijing No.4 Middle School16% of the students often get together for literary salons;Also with literary youthShi TieshengThey kept close literary contact.
While writing new poems, Beidao also wrote many short and medium stories, such as Wave, On the Ruins, The Moon on the Writing Paper, No. 13 Happiness Street, Returning Strangers, etc.Under the background of all the mainstream ideologies at that time, whether writing new poems or novels, Beidao was "backward looking" and "opposite" to the mainstream ideology.
Founder magazine
In 1978, North Island andMunkAnd others《today》Magazine.One evening in early autumn of 1978, North Island andMunk、Huang RuiAfter drinking some white wine in Huang Rui's yard, Beidao proposed to set up a literary magazine, so Today was born.
The pseudonym of Beidao also came from the founding of Today.At that time, North Island and Munk founded《today》Magazine, I think I should have a pen name.Once, when the two accidentally rode at night, Munk remembered that North Island was a southerner, but had always lived in the north. At that time, North Island published a poetry collection called Strange Beach, which also mentioned many islands.He looks cold and independent. Munk thinks it is very suitable to call him "North Island".
Today was closed in 1980.
In early 1981, North Island《New observations》He was an editor of the magazine, and later transferred to China Report of the Foreign Languages and Culture Bureau as a literary editor.[3]
In 1985, Beidao was transferred to Changping County as a cadre of Beijing Feida (Group) Company.After staying there for more than half a year, he became a freelancer.
In the spring of 1987, I went to North Islandbritain, a visiting scholar in a university.
Foreign experience
In 1989, Beidao immigrated abroad for some reason and once lived in a foreign countrySwedenHe waited for seven countries to write and look for opportunities to read his poems.
In 1990, Kitajima immigrated to the United States and taught at Davis University in California. In the same year, under the auspices of Kitajima, Today's literary magazineNorwayThe second issue is still distributed around the world, and its online version and forum are also famous in Chinese literature circles around the world.
In 1994, Beidao returned to China, was detained when entering Beijing, returned to the United States, and taught inUniversity of California DavisLater, as a visiting scholarDurham UniversityLecturer in Chinese Department.
In October 2001, he returned to China to mourn for his father, and in 2002, he announced his withdrawal from China's human rights.[4]
Return to the motherland
In 2004, North Island's prose collection《Book of Failure》It was published in mainland China for the first time in 15 years.
Essays of Beidao in August 2005《Rose of Time》Published by China Literature and History Publishing House.[5]
In 2007, North Island receivedThe Chinese University of Hong Kong's letter of appointment.In August, Beidao officially moved to Hong Kong to reunite with its family and end its drifting life in Europe and the United States for nearly 20 years.
In 2008, Beidao's prose collection《oil lamp》Published in mainland China.
December 2008, North Island andMunk、Shu TingAnd other invited poets to attend the Chinese University of Hong KongChongji College"Today's Yesterday and Tomorrow - Poetry Music Evening" held by Lixishen Concert Hall.[6]
In 2009, Beidao's prose collection《Blue House》And《Midnight Gate》Published in mainland China.
In 2010, North Island's prose collection《The city gate opens》Published in mainland China.
In 2010, North Island was elected by unanimous vote《Zhongshan》The magazine is the first of the top ten Chinese poets in contemporary (1979-2009).[7]
In March 2010, Beidao hosted a public lecture on blog posts of the Chinese University of Hong Kong under the theme of "Space for Imagination and Creation".[8]
On October 30, 2013, "Rose of Time - Night of North Island Poetry"The Chinese University of Hong KongOfRun Run ShawMore than 600 people entered the hall, setting a record for the same series of events held by the sponsor.
On November 25, 2013, Beidao attendedShantou UniversityInternational Poetry Festival.
On September 22, 2014, the school for migrant workers' children from Beidao to Shoubaozhuang, South Fifth Ring Road, Beijing——Dandelion Middle SchoolTeach children to read poems.
On October 6, 2014, Beidao attended the "Third Grand Canal International Poetry Festival" in Hangzhou.
On October 17, 2014, Beidao returned after 45 years of absenceBeijing No.4 Middle SchoolAnd expressed his hope to return to Beijing No. 4 Middle School to start classes.[2]
In June 2015, North Island andLi TuoCompile together《Prose for children》Published in mainland China.
On August 8, 2015, Beidao attended the cross-border poetry activity of "the first reader" in Shenzhen.
On November 25, 2015, he attended the opening ceremony of the 4th Hong Kong International Poetry Festival.
On February 27, 2017, Beidao attended the "Art Qingyun Poetry Exchange Meeting".
On May 24, 2018, the individual exhibition of North Island painting was opened at the Horizon Gallery in Paris, and the exhibition album of the same name, "Now North Island", was launched.[11]
On July 3, 2021, Kitajima was awarded the Second Japanese Matsuda Family Literature Award.[17]
The Sleepwalker in August is a poem created by Beidao, a modern poet. The work is from the Collection of Beidao Poems.The poem says "out of control". In an era when time and space are reversed and black and white are reversed, people who are depressed or who have been depressed are hoping to stay in the blind movement!
"Selected Works of Beidao" is a book written by Beidao, which contains 130 poems of contemporary Chinese poet Beidao, including "Just a Moment to Hear", "Troubled Autumn", "A Portrait" and "Landscape above Zero".
The Polish Visitor is a prose from the Blue House, written by Beidao in the contemporary era.Beidao, whose real name is Zhao Zhenkai, was born in Beijing in 1949, and his ancestral home is Huzhou, Zhejiang.He is a contemporary Chinese poet and one of the representatives of misty poetry.
Today was founded on December 23, 1978 and hosted by Beidao, Munk, etc.It publishes novels, poems, reviews and a small amount of translated foreign literature.Although novels occupy a large proportion, their main influence is poetry.
Selected Poems of Beidao, written by Beidao, is a book published by New Century Press on January 1, 1986.This work won the Third Excellent Poetry Collection Award of the Chinese Writers Association in 1988.
"Fluctuation" is the most famous novella in Beidao (Beidao, formerly known as Zhao Zhenkai, a contemporary Chinese poet, is one of the representatives of obscure poetry. In 1984, the Chinese University of Hong Kong published the Chinese and English version of "Fluctuation", while the mainland version was Huacheng Publishing House in 1986. In 1984, Hong Kong published the Chinese and English version of "Fluctuation".The novel tells the love of a pair of young people and the stories of several characters in the Cultural Revolution
Prose for Children is the latest work jointly edited by poet Beidao and writer and literary critic Li Tuo.It includes 46 essays involving 45 modern and contemporary Chinese writers.The selected items, regardless of style, style, content, theme, and purpose, all reflect the solemn attitude and excellent skills of the writers, and are also the best learning and imitation models for the latecomers.
Poetry for Children is a book published by CITIC Press in 2014 by Beidao.Beidao personally identified and selected the short poems that he thought were most suitable for children to read and comprehend, and published them to the world. "Leave a work for children", realizing the poet's long cherished wish.
"Ending or Beginning" is a collection of many poems by Beidao, a contemporary Chinese poet, with seven volumes in total.Poetry is concise and exquisite, imaginative and rhythmic. Whether it is gentle or heroic, refined or rough, implicit or unrestrained, it always unconsciously touches the weakest link in our hearts, making us forget to leave.Try to read carefully. Maybe at that moment, we suddenly understood, understood the essence that we had never understood, and experienced poetry
The Blue House is a collection of essays by the poet Beidao, which describes what he saw, heard, recalled and experienced at home and abroad.Beidao's prose is as beautiful and elegant as his poetry. Whether he writes about people or narrates, he talks about it in a gentle and natural way, which makes people easy to read.
The Gate of Midnight is a collection of essays by Beidao, a contemporary Chinese poet.The book has 20 articles.The Gate of Midnight records some people and things that Beidao, a contemporary Chinese poet, has encountered at home and abroad since he moved abroad in the 1980s.
this moment
Author nameNorth Island
Work time2016-11
Now is a book published by the 21st Century Publishing House in 2016. The author is Beidao.
Beidao is an important representative of the Obscure Poetry School that emerged in the late Cultural Revolution. His most famous poems, such as Answers, Everything, Declaration, and Ending or Beginning, have shocked countless Chinese people and expressed the criticism, doubt, and confusion of the generation growing up in the Cultural Revolution after the loss of faith.Beidao's poetry is cold, speculative, critical and energetic. It always explores and even interrogates the truth and value of human beings, times and even self in the paradox and fracture.Beidao once said: "Poets should build their own world through their works. This is a sincere and unique world, a world of integrity, justice and humanity."
Beidao's poetry creation began in the late ten years of turmoil, reflecting the voice of a generation of young people from confusion to awakening. The absurd reality of the ten years of turmoil has created the poet's unique "cold lyric" way - surprising calm and profound speculation.In his calm observation, he found how "the world split from the eyes of flies" caused the overall collapse of human values, distortion and alienation of human nature.He wanted to "establish a world of his own through his works, which is a sincere and unique world, a world of integrity, justice and humanity." In this world, Beidao has established its own "rational court", taking reason and humanity as the criterion, to re-establish the value of people and restore human nature;Mourning the martyrs and judging the executioners;Ridicule the strange and alienated world and reflect on history and reality;Calling for the wealth of human nature, looking for "the lake of life" and "the red sailboat".[1]
Beidao, with a sober rational spirit, gambled on youth and made his own judgment on the distortion and alienation of human nature.Beidao restored the existence of poetry as a kind of literature in China, continued the decades old tradition of modern Chinese poetry with his own creation, and successfully modernized it to stimulate the growth of a new generation of poets.
Kitajima always looks at the real life around him with a critical and even harsh eye, removes its mask of hypocrisy and exposes its pale essence.With a sober rational spirit, Beidao made his own judgment on the distortion and alienation of human nature.In his early poems, he presented a "confrontational self", and he firmly believed that his pursuit was correct and uncompromising.For example, the famous Answer: "Despice is the passport of the despicable,/Nobility is the epitaph of the noble,/Look, in the gilded sky/full of the curved reflections of the dead." "Tell you, the world/I -- no -- phase -- believe!/Even if there are a thousand challengers under your feet/then count me as the 101st."[12]
In the work Answer, "I don't believe that the sky is blue/I don't believe in the echo of Lei/I don't believe that dreams are false/I don't believe that death has no retribution."[15]This kind of sentence has obvious pessimism, but the belief in challenging destiny contained in it is unswerving, giving people a kind of courage born in despair.This is the biggest feature of Beidao poetry.From this poem, we can also see that the early period of Beidao still has a clear romantic complex.[12]
artistic characteristics
The combination of sober thinking and the metaphor and symbolic image produced by intuitive thinking is the remarkable artistic feature of Beidao poetry. The paradoxical epigrams with high generalization have created the unique artistic power of Beidao poetry.His poetry collections include Reading Notes of Sun City, Selected Poems of Beidao, Selected Poems of Gucheng on Beidao, etc.[1]
Beidao's poetry has a cold style and hard texture in art.Such as《get lost》: "A stray thin Gongying/led me to a blue gray lake", "Harmony": "cigarette butts flicker bright and dark/wild cats are lonely/the sea is far away"《limit》: "In the forest across the bank/passing a lonely wild pigeon/flying towards me".His subjective feelings are so inseparable from the real world, which results in two themes of his poems. On the one hand, he hates "the world split from the eyes of flies" and attempts to judge it with the two yardsticks of humanity and rationality.On the other hand, when he did this, he felt lonely and helpless.The combination of these two emotions makes his poems present a deep sense of tragedy.[12]
North Island and the same periodHazy poetryCompared with people, they have more sober thinking characteristics.But his thinking about life and history is expressed through intuitive images.Metaphor, symbol, synaesthesia“Montage”These artistic techniques are widely used in his poems.The poetic images he uses are thin, hard and strange, like a heavy hammer hitting on the face, giving people a great shock.He is good at using paradoxical epigrams with a high degree of generality, such as "Motherland": "She was cast on a bronze shield/against the black panel wall of the museum", "In the bronze mirror of the dawn": "In the bronze mirror of the dawn/what is presented is the dawn/sailors from desperate patience/experience the happiness of stones", "The Art of Poetry": "The dream of fragile bones is still standing in the distance/like a scaffold that has not been demolished", these sentences have distinctive images and unique feelings.[12]
Staging of creation
domestic
The early poems of Beidao presented a "confrontational self". The poet believed that his pursuit was correct and was unwilling to compromise.In the Answer, "Look, the gilded sky/is filled with the curved reflection of the dead." "Tell you what, the world/I - no - Xiangxin!/Even if there are a thousand challengers under your feet/then count me as the 101st." "I don't believe that the sky is blue/I don't believe in the echo of thunder/I don't believe that dreams are false/I don't believe that death has no retribution."These verses, though full of strong pessimism, are still sonorous and forceful, showing the author's firm belief in challenging fate and giving people the courage to fight against rebirth.This poem was written in 1976, which is his most famous work. Many readers at that time could recite it backwards, and its influence was unparalleled. His subsequent poems could hardly surpass this poem.
Other verses on the North Island, such as "a lost thin Gongying/led me to the blue gray lake" ("Lost"), "cigarette butts flickering bright and dark/wild cats alone/the sea is far away" ("Chord"), "the forest on the other bank/passing a lonely wild pigeon/flying toward me" ("Boundaries"), reflect the cold and solemn wind of his poetic art and the sense of loneliness in his heart,Let readers feel that the poet seems to be inseparable from the real world, and always feel lonely.It can be concluded that Beidao had actually heard the "sound of broken dreams" before going abroad.
abroad
Beidao, living abroad, often feels the suspension of mother tongue.In "Local accent", Beidao said: "I speak Chinese in the mirror and feel that the motherland is a kind of local accent. Therefore, I am afraid of the feeling of alienation brought by this remote motherland.In another article, he said: I like the tone of Chinese and the feeling that it hangs in another context.
Honorary Doctor of Literature, Brown University
Having lived in a foreign country for nearly 20 years, Beidao has already deeply realized that what he has experienced is a lonely journey, and he still has a sense of belonging despite being homeless.The title of the poetry collection "At the End of the World" may serve as the best summary and footnote of his foreign living state. His prose is fresh and beautiful, like a precious oasis of soul, which enables him to rest and live alone at the end of the world;The article is full of humor, observation, memory and response. Its pure words can not only reveal themselves, but also wash all living beings.
Long term drifting in foreign lands.The objective distance has changed the relationship between North Island and its mother tongue, becoming closer and more realistic.He said: For a person who writes in Chinese in a foreign country, his mother tongue is the only reality.In addition to Brodsky's three metaphors of sword, shield and space capsule, Beidao added wounds to his understanding of his mother tongue.
Beidao uses a lot of words in his poems, such as motherland, hometown, accent, mother tongue, nostalgia, homesickness, etc.It can be seen that they have become the defense shield, spiritual castle and refuge of North Island in foreign countries.Poison reflects the exiles' complex love for their motherland.There were so many misunderstandings that the poet begged God to "Give Me Another Name" and "I Cry for the Rest of My Life with This Moment", so that the "Mother Tongue Sun" would rise on the sea and shine on the exiles.The exiles' love for their motherland is as eternal and thick as Love among the Mountains. The exiles' call for love for their distant motherland is like a shrill cry from Ancient Times to the Present.During this period, the poetry of Beidao was a "cold landscape" with cold outside and hot inside.
Award record
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Literature
Award time
Award Name
award-winning work
Award results
2021-7-3
The Second Da Companion Family Literature Award[17]
Award
2017-09
The Second China Foshan Long Poetry Award
Award
2015-12
"Poet Laureate Award" of Cross Strait Poetry Festival[10]
Award
2015-03
The highest honor of the Macedonia Struga International Poetry Festival "Golden Flower Ring Award"
Award
two thousand and eleven
Honorary Doctor of Literature, Brown University
Award
2010-11
Zhongshan Magazine is the first among the top ten contemporary Chinese poets (1979-2009)[7]
Award
two thousand and nine
The Second Zhongkun International Poetry Award
Award
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six
He was rated as one of my favorite young and middle-aged poets by Star
Award
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-six
The Third National Excellent New Poetry (Poetry Collection) Award of the Chinese Writers Association[19]
Zhao Jinian: Beidao's father (1921-2003), a financial expert, worked in the Chongqing Central Trust Bureau in his early years. Before liberation in 1949, he participated in the revolutionary work led by the underground party organizations in Shanghai's financial system. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a cadre of Shanghai Insurance Company. In the 1960s, he served as the deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Movement. After the Cultural Revolution, he was transferred back to the People's Insurance Corporation of China.One of the founders of New China's insurance industry.
Sun Meili: Beidao mother (1922-2013), born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, doctor.[1]In the summer of 2013, Beidao's mother died at the age of more than 90.On May 24, Beidao returned to its hometown Huzhou.
Shanshan: Beidao Sister (1953-1976). On the afternoon of July 27, 1976, Shanshan took several girls to swim in Man River.The upstream reservoir was flooded that day, and the current was swift. A pair of little sisters were swept away, and the sister disappeared in the vortex.Shanshan grabbed her sister and took her to the bank. She lifted her to the bank with all her strength. She was swept away by the torrent because of exhaustion.The next morning, the body was found downstream.He was only twenty-three years old.Beidao wrote poems for her sister, including Song of the Small Wooden House written on Shanshan's 23rd birthday, Twilight: Ding's Beach written on Shanshan's last return to Beijing in 1975, Boundaries written after Shanshan's death in July 1976, Requiem, which escorted Shanshan's ashes back to Beijing from Hubei in 1998, and Beidao wrote poems on the tomb cover.
Gan Qi: Beidao's current wife, whose ancestral home is Jiangxi, married Beidao in 2004.[1]The two have a son Doudou.
Shao Fei: former wife of Beidao, born in Beijing in June 1954.The two have a daughter, Tian Tian.In 2003, his marriage with female painter Shao Fei broke down.
Tian Tian: Beidao Daughter[13]He was born in 1985. He was reunited with the United States when he was 10 years old. He returned to Beijing when he was 15 years old and moved back to the United States when he was 17 years old. He once went to university in Beijing and is now studying for a master's degree in a Dutch Academy of Fine Arts.Beidao wrote many poems for his daughter, including essays "Daughter", poems "Painting for Tian Tian's 5th birthday", and "Starting for TT's 24th birthday".[13]
Doudou: son of Beidao, born on Christmas Eve 2004, with his current wife Gan Qi.
Zhao Yannian: Uncle Beidao (1924-2014), father of Beidao (Zhao Zhenkai) Zhao Jinian is the elder brother of Zhao Yannian.He was a professor of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts.[14]
Character evaluation
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With profound, powerful and unforgettable verses, Beidao has made a voice to his motherland and the world, and composed a movement of freedom and expression.He once wrote: "I don't believe that the sky is blue, I don't believe in the echo of thunder, I don't believe that dreams are false, and I don't believe that death has no retribution." These verses inspired the young people's desire to change the world.[1]（Brown University President Ruth Simmons)
Kitajima's creative works are very important in aesthetic significance and poetic uniqueness, full of new ideas and metaphorsBeidao's poetry became the voice of that generation in China in the 1970s, and he is widely considered as one of the most important contemporary Chinese writers.His poetry transcended the boundaries that literature of that era could reach.（MacedoniaComments by Elizabeth Kanceska Milevska, Minister of Culture)
North Island has driven the internationalization of Hong Kong's new poetry.(Scholars, literary criticsLi OufanProfessor)
The Hong Kong International Poetry Festival is a gift from North Island to Hong Kong.(PoetLiao Weitang）
