Peking Mandarin

Chinese dialects

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mandarin It is the most widely distributed first class Chinese dialect. Beijing Mandarin, a branch of Mandarin, is Mandarin Standard tone 。 Mainly distributed in Beijing 、 Tianjin City Hebei province Chengde City Langfang City Zhuozhou City, Inner Mongolia Chifeng City Tongliao Municipal Zarut Banner 、 Naiman Banner 、 Hollingole City Kailu County^[1] Liaoning Province Chaoyang City Huludao city Jianchang County 、 Fuxin Part of the city.

Beijing Mandarin can be divided into Jingshi, Huaicheng^[2] Chaofeng tablet Four pieces of Shikepian (Shikepian is now included in the northern part of Lanyin Mandarin), with a population of about 15 million. Three tones Quartet , Ancient the entering tone It shall be placed flat, upward and downward, and shall be relatively uniform.

Chinese name: Peking Mandarin
Foreign name: Beijing Mandarin
Distribution area: North China 、 Northeast China 、 Northwest China

Nature: mandarin branch
Dialect slice: Jingshi film, Huaicheng film Chaofeng tablet , stone gram piece
User population: About 15 million

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brief introduction

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Beijing Mandarin is a branch of Mandarin Phonology Represented by three tones and four tones, the ancient entering tone is sent to the level, up and down and is relatively uniform. Beijing Mandarin is mainly distributed in Beijing, Tianjin, Chengde, Hebei Langfang City, Zhuozhou City, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning Province Some areas in Chaoyang City, Jianchang County of Huludao City and Fuxin City can be divided into Jingshi District, Huaicheng District Chaofeng tablet Four stone grams. The population is about 15 million.

Beijing Mandarin in Xinjiang is concentrated in Northern Xinjiang After the 1950s production and construction corps Gather and form. The Shike section of Beijing Mandarin was also included in the Northern Xinjiang section of Lanyin Mandarin.

Dialect partition

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Dialect slice	Distribution area
Peking master film	Dongcheng District, Xicheng District, Haidian District, Chaoyang District, Fengtai District Tongzhou District Daxing District, Changping District, Shijingshan District, Mentougou District
Huaicheng tablet	Fangshan District, Shunyi District, Beijing Huairou District 、 Miyun District Tianjin Wuqing District , Chengde urban area, Yingshouyingzi mining area, Chengde County, Luanping County, Xinglong County Longhua County Fengning Manchu Autonomous County, Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County, Zhuozhou City, Langfang City, Sanhe City, Xianghe County, Gu'an County, Dachang Hui Autonomous County
Chaofeng tablet	Chaoyang City, Lingyuan City Chaoyang County Jianping County, Kharqin Left Wing Mongolian Autonomous County, Chifeng City, the east of Ningcheng County, Linxi County, Kharqin Banner, Aohan Banner, Ongniud Banner, Keshiketen Banner, Balinzuo Banner, Balinyou Banner, Arukerqin Banner, Zharut Banner, Holingol City, Kailu County, some towns and villages in the west of Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, Naiman Banner, Jianchang County, Huludao City Chengde Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, Pingquan City
Shike tablet	Korla City, Shihezi City, Karamay City, Wenquan County, Toli County, Hebukesair Mongolian Autonomous County, Fuyun County, Jimunai County, Fuhai County, Burqin County, Habahe County

Historical evolution

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Since the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Central Plains standard pronunciation Move south as China official language The official and elegant speech of the official gradually divided into two branches, the north and the south. Six Dynasties Nanjing Mandarin For Chinese standard speech , Ming Dynasty Yongle When the capital of Beijing was established in, 400000 people were transferred from Nanjing to the north, exceeding the original population of Peiping. When the Qing Dynasty took over China, the old Beiping dialect gradually evolved Beijing dialect 。 It was established in the sixth year of Emperor Yongzheng's reign in the Qing Dynasty“ Zhengyin Library ”Beijing Mandarin was adopted as the standard language throughout the country. Later, Beijing Mandarin gradually replaced Nanjing Mandarin as the standard language in the mainstream of Chinese officialdom, which was also called Northern Mandarin , and are called Southern Mandarin Nanjing Mandarin corresponds to. The compilation and review of the national language was carried out in the late Qing Dynasty, and was drafted in the early years of the Republic of China National accent , based on Beijing Mandarin New Mandarin Since then, the national language based on Northern Mandarin has become Modern Chinese standard speech.

Popularization time

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Beijing Mandarin gradually replaced Nanjing Mandarin as the standard pronunciation of China in the Qing Dynasty, beiyang government Time has become the benchmark of "national language", New China was founded Later as modern Chinese (Putonghua) Standard tone 。

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