Lipscom

American physicist

Lipscomb, William Nunn，1919～2011）， American physicist, chemist, Academician of the American Academy of Sciences , Academician of the American Academy of Science and Arts.^{[1 ]}

Chinese name: Lipscom
Foreign name: Lipscomb，William Nunn

Occupation: Physicist, chemist
Key achievements: Academician of the American Academy of Sciences, Academician of the American Academy of Science and Arts.

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He was born in Cleveland, Ohio on December 9, 1919. Graduated in 1941 Kentucky State University 。 Won in 1946 California Institute of Technology doctorate. the Second World War During the period, he worked in the United States Research and Development Program, 1946-1959 University of Minnesota Teaching. Since 1959, he has been a professor in the Department of Chemistry of Harvard University, and soon served as the dean of the Department.

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Lipscom began systematic research on borane, carborane and a series of derivatives after 1949. The structure of borane was studied as early as half a century ago, but the complexity of the diversified structure of borane and its derivatives was not really explained. Lipscom utilizes low temperature X-ray diffraction method Several borane structures were determined. According to his determination results, the representative structure of borane molecule is a cage like three-dimensional structure, which has been verified by NMR experiments. His research results show that borane is a kind of“ Electron deficient compound ”, of Three center two electronic key Structure. Thus, the B-H-B and B-B-B bonds can be explained, and the complex structure of borane molecule can be satisfactorily clarified. He also calculated the possible number of boranes and their ions by mathematical methods, and predicted their structures. He also deeply studied the valence bond theory of complexes, localized molecular orbitals, group theory, intramolecular rotational barriers, molecular electricity and magnetism, and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum The structural principle of these compounds, as well as their reaction characteristics and laws, are further clarified theoretically. Lipscom was awarded in 1976 for his outstanding contribution to the study of borane structure Nobel Prize in Chemistry 。 He has written "Borohydride" and "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Borohydride and Its Related Compounds", etc

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