Taxonomic system refers to the conceptual system of taxonomy that classifies individuals into corresponding categories according to their primary characteristics.That is to classify different individuals intohomogeneityOr to classify individuals out of the group by determining their non similarity.Science is carried out through classification and analysis.The cognitive structure of human beings changes the disordered state of experience into the classified ordered state to complete the cognitive process of the same standard.Classification is temporary and artificial, always subject to a limited purpose, and the classification system must be flexible and adapt to the purpose.Structurally, the classification system is like a house for storing the experience gathered, which must be changed to adapt to the change of experience.The commonly used classification system includes half division, such as subject and topic, reason and intuition, etc.There is also a weight sequence classification method, which is commonly used in psychological diagnosis.There are many statistical procedures for classification, which generally require indicators such as discrimination and reliability.[1]
Classification is the basis of building a classification system, and the principles and standards of classification determine the nature and function of the classification system.Systematic classification insists on the division of disciplinesSystematic principleOn the same level, the only standard is used to divide the category, forming a strict system structure that the upper and lower categories are subordinate to each other, and the same categories are mutually exclusive, which can reveal the development law of things and their internal relations.The first consideration of the classification of the network classification system category is to reduce the number of clicks and visual disclosure as much as possible. In order to highlight the popularity and ease of use of the category system, we will sacrifice systematicness at the cost of adopting multiple different classification standards in the same classification process, resulting in the intersection of category connotation and overlap of category extension.The system structure thus formed, although relatively "fashionable" and indeed convenient, lacks the significance of scientific understanding in methodology.
For example, in the secondary category "Movies and Film" of the Yahoo category "Entertainment"SohuIn the classification of "literature" category and other categories, subject matter, carrier, genre, type, era, region and other standards are used for classification. If the strict system classification principle of the same standard must be used for each classification, these categories need to be divided many times to form a more hierarchical category.For another example, Yahoo has adopted a multiple classification method for the secondary category "Libraries" of its main category "Reference", and Sohu has adopted a multiple classification method for its main category "corporate enterprises", which distinguishes libraries by nature and country, corporate enterprises by business content and region, and Sohu has also adopted a faceted allocation method in "countries and regions"Under the category, the websites included in the other 15 categories are reclassified by region.Such classification methods break the traditional classification rules, reveal and reflect the concepts and things of subordination at the same category level, and reveal and reflect the same category from multiple perspectives, which undoubtedly meets the requirements of netizens and highlights the ease of use of non category systems.
Mainly practical
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Systemic classification (such as DDC and China Law) focuses on discipline classification, emphasizing the systematicness of the category, while network classification focuses on subject classification, focusing on the practicality of the category.Most foreign classified search engines (such as Yahoo) set up categories based on themes, pursuing intuition and practicality, and rarely considering the systematicness of categories. Such a category system is called "subject index". Domestic classified search engines (such as Sohu) mostly set up categories based on themes, supplemented by disciplines,The classification system of the combination of subject and discipline has the characteristics of both the systematicness of discipline and the directness of subject.
The practicability of the network classification system by subject is obvious. It breaks the strict subordination of the system classification method and is not subject to the systematic discipline constraints. It often upgrades some categories that must be at a lower level in the discipline classification to basic categories or secondary categories, and separates basic categories or upper conceptual categories into lower categories,There are also some topics that cannot be classified in the discipline classification, and they are also crowded into the second and third level categories.
For example, in the 14 major categories of Yahoo, only "Science（natural science）”、“Social Science（social sciences）”And "Arts&Humanities" are the same or similar to the first level category of DDC. The main category "News&Media" is in the second level category of DDC, and the contents of the main category "Reference" are scattered in several second - to fifth level categories of DDC.For another example, the category of "companies and enterprises" of Sohu in the Chinese Law is the category of====(F27), the category of "life and service" is the category of===(TS97), and the category of "entertainment and leisure" is the category of==(F719.5). Philosophy, biological science, aerospace, etc., which belong to the basic category in the Chinese Law, are downgraded to the second and third level categories in Sohu, and the category of "message board/BBS/forum""The 53rd Miss World (2003)", "Working Literature", "University BBS" and other second and third level categories were originally impossible to establish in the Chinese Law, and also took a place in Sohu.
The network classification system is based on the principle of practicality, which places popular topics or categories with high click rates in a prominent position, attracting the attention of netizens and facilitating browsing and retrieval.However, it is also the practical principle of classification that causes the difference of classification systems of different search engines. The difference of classification systems not only provides a way to understand and organize network resources from multiple perspectives, but also brings some difficulties for netizens to become familiar with and use classified search engines.
The sequence of three categories is mainly based on the retrieval frequency and habits
The sequence of categories refers to the arrangement of homonymous categories.In the systematic classification, the sequence of homonyms adheres to the principle of logical order, or is arranged according to the natural evolutionary order (low level - high level), or is gradually increasing in complexity and quantity (simple - complex, less - more), or is arranged according to space-time order (first - later, near - far), etc., while network classification focuses on the retrieval habits of Internet users, and is arranged according to the retrieval frequency or word order.For example, Yahoo launched "Business&Economy" for the first time, followed by "Reference". Sohu's transition from "entertainment and leisure" to "countries and regions" clearly reflects the principle of diminishing importance.Yahoo's "Regional", Sohu's "Countries and Regions", "Companies and Enterprises" and other secondary categories that are regional in nature and difficult to distinguish in order all use alphabetical order.
In the sequence of homonymous categories, the network classification system first lists the categories with high retrieval frequency, highlighting important topics, catering to the retrieval habits and preferences of netizens, but inevitably weakening the logic of the sequence of categories.The Internet is always a dynamic world that cannot be grasped. The retrieval habits and preferences of netizens are all changing, and the retrieval frequency of categories is also changing, which is likely to cause turbulence in the classification system.Any classification system needs to be relatively stable, especially the network classification system needs to objectively analyze and grasp the changes in network resources and Internet users' interests, focus on improving the scientificity of classification, the systematicness of classification and the rationality of order, and strive for the relative stability of the classification system while constantly meeting the needs of network retrieval.
