Differentiation characterA word or meaning originally recorded in one word is recorded in two or more words to distinguish its meaning.Character symbols are required to be different from each other, but because of the extension of meaning or the borrowing of homophones, the word recording functions of Chinese characters are often combined.
Because of the meaning of the wordExtensionAnd literalLendingFor other reasons, a word often bears multiple functions of memorizing words or multiple meanings of a word.In order to make characters record language more clearly, people use more glyphs to share the recording function of charactersdifferentiation。The glyphs used to share the function of recording Chinese characters are called differentiated characters.The original font with multiple recording functions is called source font.[1]
Differentiation function method
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1. Differentiate functions by borrowing other words[2]
In order to divide multiple recording functions of a word, people sometimes use other words to share, so that the meaning is more clear.
Example: He He refers to the purpose, and woman you.
2. Differentiate functions by using variant characters
Variant characters are the form redundancy generated in the process of character creation or writing. In order to reduce the number of characters, the redundant characters can be canceled after the recognition of variant characters.Differentiating the functions of characters by using variant characters will endow different functions to different forms of variant characters, so that the original redundant forms will perform their respective functions.
For example: you (you) - you (sound like you, plot, plan), heng - enjoy, chopsticks - write.
3. Differentiation function of creating new characters
The most common way to differentiate the functions of source characters is to create new characters.The way of creating new characters includes adding components on the basis of source characters, replacing components on the basis of source characters, or modifying the form of source characters.
For example: its -- Ji, to -- obituary, mother -- no.
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1. Original meaning of differentiation[2]
After some words are occupied by the commonly used borrowed meaning or extended meaning, a new word will be created to assume its original meaning.
For example, which is familiar, which is natural, which is burning, which is not dusk, which is violent (the original meaning of violent is: drying (drying)), which is exposed, which is beneficial, which is excessive, which is necessary, which is waist, which is bird, which is original, which is source, which is state, which is end, which is toe, which is responsibility, which is debt.
2. Differentiation extension
When the extended meaning is far away from the original meaning, sometimes new words will be created for the extended meaning to separate the extended meaning.
The original meaning and borrowed meaning shared the same word. Later, in order to distinguish them, the borrowed meaning was differentiated with new characters.
The meaning of the source word is very broad, and later part of this meaning is assumed by the differentiation word, and the meaning of the source word and the differentiation word becomes more specific.
For example: receive - grant, wish - curse.
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Differentiation character
The traditional word "history" on the cover of the 2013 Forbidden City Calendar has aroused some discussions.Some scholars believe that this is a special word. "History" means passing through, and it should not be used here. It should be used as "calendar" or "combination".In response to this, the Palace Museum Cultural Tourism Editorial Office said that the cover and spine of the book continued to use the words of the 1935 edition of the Palace Museum Calendar cover, "Li" was the differentiation word of "Shi", so the word "Shi" in the Han script was used.[1]
