Coagulant refers to the general name of the agent added in the process of aggregating unstable colloidal particles (or particles formed during coagulation) to form aggregates.Coagulant, containing macromolecular coagulant and coagulant aid, can destroy the stability of colloidal particles in water, reduce the repulsive force between them, thus forming small flocs, achieving solid-liquid separation and purifying water quality.It is used for the treatment of metal processing wastewater, meat processing wastewater, phosphorus containing wastewater, fluoride containing wastewater, papermaking wastewater, and gas washing water.
1、FlocFast forming, good activity and good filtration.
2. No need to add alkaline additivesDeliquescence, its effect remains unchanged.
3. It is suitable for wide PH value, strong adaptability and wide use.
4. The treated water has less salt.
5. Can be removedheavy metalAnd contamination of water by radioactive substances
purpose
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Coagulant can remove bacteria, odor, fluoride, aluminum, chromium, oil, turbidity, heavy metal salts, radioactive pollutants, and has a wide range of uses in the purification of various water sources.
1. Purify drinking water and domestic sewage.
2. Purifying industrial waterindustrial waste water, mine, oilfield reinjection water, purified water production, metallurgy, coal washing, leather and various chemical sewage treatment, etc.[2]
3. Industrial production application, papermaking sizing, printing and dyeingBleaching and dyeing、Cement accelerator, precision casting hardener, refractory adhesive, glycerin refining, fabric wrinkle prevention, medicine, cosmetics and other industries, waste water can be recycled.
4. In the refining industry, it is used for water separation with good effect.
Polymer flocculantDilution method: In order to achieve the best flocculant effect and economic benefits, users can determine the optimal dosage per thousand tons of water through experiments according to different source water turbidity, different seasons and different reaction conditions.When used, the product is prepared into 3% - 5% aqueous solution (calculated by the weight of the product)
1. Dissolve the solid product into liquid by adding water in 1:3, and then add 40-80 times of clear water to dilute it to the required concentration before use.
2. The dosage can be determined according to different turbidity of raw water. Generally, when the turbidity of raw water is 100-500mg/L, the dosage per thousand tons is 1-10kg.[3]
Introduction to common coagulants
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alum
Alum, also known as alum, alum, potassium alum, potassium alum and potassium alum, is a kind of potassium alum containingCrystal waterA double salt of potassium sulfate and aluminum sulfate.Colorless cubic crystal, usually octahedral in appearance, or polymerized with cube and rhombic dodecahedron, sometimes attached to the container wall with {111} surface in the shape of hexagonal plate, belongs to α - type alum complex salt, which has glass luster.Density 1.757g/cm3, melting point 92.5 ℃.At 64.5 ℃, 9 molecules of crystal water are lost, and at 200 ℃, 12 molecules of crystal water are lost, which are soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.Alum is sour, cold and toxic.Therefore, it has antibacterial and astringent effects, and can be used as traditional Chinese medicine.Alum can also be used for preparationAluminium salt、baking powder, paint, tanning, clarifying agentMordant, paper making, waterproof agent, etc.
Solid aluminum sulfate
Solid aluminum sulfate is white lustrous crystal, particle or powder.It tastes sweet.Stable in air.Some crystallization water will be lost at 86.5 ℃, and all crystallization water will be lost at 250 ℃.When heated, it expands violently and becomes spongy.It decomposes intoSulfur trioxideandalumina。Weathering occurs when the relative humidity is about 25% lower.It is easily soluble in water, almost insoluble in ethanol, and the solution is acidic.Insoluble alkali salt precipitates after long boiling.The relative density is 1.62.Aluminum sulfate is a widely used industrial reagent, which is often confused with alum (i.e. aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate).Aluminum sulfate is usually used as a flocculant in drinking water purification and sewage treatment equipment, as well as in paper industry.
Ferric trichloride
Ferric trichlorideChemical formula: FeClthree。Also known as ferric chloride, it is a dark brown crystal, and also has thin flakes,melting point282℃、boiling point315 ℃, easily soluble in water and with strong water absorption, it can absorb moisture in the air and deliquescence.When FeCl3 precipitates from aqueous solution, there are six crystal water, FeClthree·6HtwoO，Ferric chloride hexahydrate is an orange crystal.Ferric chloride is a very important iron salt.
Mainly used for metaletching, Sewage treatment.Etching includes the etching of copper, stainless steel, aluminum and other materials. It has the advantages of good effect and low price for the treatment of raw water with low oil content, but it has the disadvantage of yellowing water color.It is also used for printing and dyeing cylinder engraving, electronic industrial circuit board and fluorescent digital cylinder production.Construction industry for preparationconcreteTo enhance the strength, corrosion resistance and water resistance of concrete.It can also be used with ferric chloride, calcium chlorideAluminium trichloride, aluminum sulfate, hydrochloric acid, etc. are used as waterproof agents for mud concrete in inorganic industry to manufacture other iron salts and inks.The dye industry is used as an oxidant in the dyeing of indigo dyes.The printing and dyeing industry is used as a mordant.Metallurgical industry is used as chlorination intrusion agent for extracting gold and silver.Organic industry is used as catalyst, oxidant and chlorination agent.The glass industry is used as a hot colorant for glassware.Soap making industry is used as coagulant for recovering glycerol from soap waste liquid.[4]
