Metallurgical industry refers to the industrial sector that mines, selects, sinters, smelts and processes metal ores into metal materials.Divided into: (1)Ferrous metallurgy industryThe industrial sector producing iron, chromium, manganese and their alloys, which mainly provides raw materials for modern industry, transportation, infrastructure and military equipment;(2)Non ferrous metallurgical industryIt refers to the metal refining industry departments producing nonferrous metals, such as copper smelting industry, aluminum manufacturing industry, lead and zinc industry, nickel cobalt industry, tin smelting industry, precious metal industry, rare metal industry, etc.[1]
1. The steel production process is gradually optimized.
Since the 1980s, the development scale of the iron and steel industry has significantly expanded. By the 1990s, international competition has become increasingly fierce. Most enterprises have shifted their development focus to reducing consumption, reducing costs, increasing varieties, improving production quality and environmental protection.The traditional metallurgical production process is operated in a cold environment, which has gradually improved in recent years. The steel industry has made significant progress, mainly in production process, process optimization, quality improvement and other aspects.
The technical aspects are mainly reflected in two aspects:
(1) The R&D of new processes has been increased to better replace the traditional production processes.The company has successively developed the technology of continuous casting and rolling for waiting posts, which occupies an important position in the development of iron and steel enterprises at present.
(2) The existing technical equipment and production process have been improved to a large extent.These two aspects of progress infiltrate and promote each other, making steelmetallurgyThe industry has taken a leap forward step and further moved towardsIntensificationdevelopment.
2. The output of iron and steel keeps growing.
In the process of development of metallurgical industry, due to its own characteristics, it is easy to be affected by many factors, such as domestic economy and international economy, which are mainly reflected in both domestic and international macro-economy.
(1) Domestic aspect.In recent years, the state has successively issued relevant macro-control policies to manage and support the metallurgical industry, with initial results.Due to the large production scale of the steel industry, the impact of low-level inspection and construction is extremely poor. The implementation of these policies has effectively controlled low-level repeated construction, strictly prohibited low-quality products such as "ground bar steel" from entering the steel market, avoided adverse impacts on the market environment, and effectively improved the standardization and rationalization of the steel market while purifying the steel market.At the same time, the consumption structure of various industries in society is also upgrading with the development of economy, and the urbanization process is accelerating. This social background has laid a good foundation for the development of steel enterprises.In recent years, the Western Development andThe Strategy of Revitalizing the Northeast Old Industrial BaseGradually, it has been highly valued by all levels of society and has also brought new opportunities for the development of iron and steel metallurgy industry.
(2) International aspects.In recent years, the world economy has developed in the direction of globalization. From the current situation, the development trend is good, making the global steel demand continue to grow, and the steel output of major enterprises is also increasing.[2]
China's development trend
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1. From the current situation, with the continuous development of China's social economyMacro policyIt will also make corresponding changes. Although the environmental constraints are serious, there should not be too much decline in recent years.
2. From the current situation, the demand of the international steel market will increase, but it will not increase too much, and the growth rate will be slow.
3. Becauseexcess production capacityThe steel industry in China will not change much in recent years, and the output has remained high[2]。
Problems in metallurgical industry
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metallurgical industry
1. There is periodicity.
Compared with other industries, metallurgical industry is very different, but also has certain industrial relevance and certain periodicity.With the continuous development of social economy, the demand for steel in all walks of life is strong, but due to the existence of certain economic cycles, the demand of the steel industry is significantly weakened, and the development is not very stable.In general, the iron and steel metallurgical industry has certain scale economy characteristics in the development process. However, due to certain problems in the investment and construction scale of the metallurgical industry in China, the performance of scale economy characteristics is not very obvious, so the disadvantages are not fully revealed, but the benefits brought are not enjoyed.
2. Overcapacity.
At present, the most common problem in the iron and steel metallurgy industry is overcapacity, which is also a problem in many industries.The serious overcapacity is not conducive to the development of China's steel industry, which may cause the steel market to continue to be "cold" and the price to plummet. From the current situation, China's steel production capacity is still growing year by year, which is a very scary situation.
3. There are problems in technical ability and innovation ability.
Although the relevant departments of our country have increased the research and development of metallurgical processes, some relatively advanced technologies still rely on the introduction of foreign technologies. Many high-grade steels and equipment cannot be self-sufficient, but must be imported. There are certain problems in technical ability and innovation ability.[2]
drainage design
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common problem
1. Water supply mode
Water consumption in industrial production, especially in metallurgical industry, is huge. At present, most metallurgical industry production enterprises in China use circulating water supply systems. This type of water supply system is convenient, efficient and simple to handle, but small water consumption points and large water supply are the main problems.The circulating water supply system is simple in composition. The water supply mode used in use is one pump one machine, and the overall water supply mode is single.Some metallurgical enterprises useCirculating water supply systemThere is only a single water supply equipment, so when carrying out metallurgical operations, there are many water points but small water consumption, which is difficult to meet the basic production needs.In addition, there are certain safety requirements for water use in metallurgical industry, but the enterprise adopts this water supply design, and the overall water supply mode is single. Incomplete equipment performance is prone to failure in the production process.
2. Design technical problems
In the process of metallurgical industry production, there are high requirements for the performance of basic equipment and the operation technology of staff. The water supply and drainage design of metallurgical industry is a key part of industrial design, which directly affects the efficiency and level of metallurgical operations.In water supply and drainage design, due to the low professional skills and overall skill level of designers, the final design effect is affected.There are obvious differences in basic water demand due to different water supply points in metallurgical industry production. For these reasons, designers neither understand the performance of relevant design, nor measure the pressure of water supply pipe and the water pressure of equipment in later operation in actual measurement, resulting in poor operation of equipment, negative pressure in water supply pipe or no water supply.
3. Drainage energy conservation
In the production process of metallurgical industry, the consumption of industrial raw materials and water resources is large, which is not conducive to environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.The design of water supply and drainage system in the industrial field is not only to provide necessary water resources for industrial production, but also to further promote the rational operation of drainage work. The concept of water supply and drainage includes two aspects: ① "water supply"; ②"Drainage".The industrial wastewater or sewage used in industrial production should be recycled or safely discharged after centralized treatment.However, in the water supply and drainage design of metallurgical industry, the relevant personnel did not investigate the drainage points, and the design of sewage treatment program was insufficient, which led to the improper treatment of industrial wastewater and affected the energy conservation and emission reduction of metallurgical industry production.[3]
Solutions
1. Piping design
The main part of the design of the water supply and drainage system in the metallurgical industry is the pipeline design. In the process of metallurgical production, different water supply points have different requirements for water consumption, so the water pressure problem should be handled well in the design of the water supply and drainage pipeline to ensure normal water supply and use.In the design and laying of water supply and drainage pipelines, it is necessary to ensure that there are multiple water supply points, and the water output of water supply points should also be controlled within a certain range.The metallurgical industry belongs to the industrial production field, and the industrial water consumption is large. The staff in the water supply and drainage system design do not understand the basic industrial processes and production procedures, which will seriously affect the final design results.In the design of water supply and drainage system pipes, it is necessary to carry out the design of the same system with large resistance. The water supply and drainage pipes should have enough diameter to ensure that the starting point and key pressure losses in the process of water supply and drainage of the system are minimized.In addition, when configuring pipelines, it is necessary to arrange the water supply sequence and the water flow distance in the pipeline to balance the pipeline pressure.
metallurgical industry
2. Connecting pipe design
In the design of water supply and drainage system, the operation of the system can be adjusted through the design of inlet and outlet connecting pipes of operating equipment.In order to further adapt to the modern industrial production mode in the social development, the metallurgical industry needs to adjust the equipment and process flow in time according to different production links in daily work.For the connection pipe part in the design of water supply and drainage pipeline, it is necessary to investigate the water inlet and outlet of different metallurgical equipment, and set the pressure gauge and valve within a reasonable range according to the measured data.In addition, in the process of system design, it is necessary to grasp the basic water supply demand of metallurgical equipment in timeConnecting pipeThe caliber of shall be adjusted appropriately.
3. Water supply and drainage design
In the process of economic development, China has put forward the guiding requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development, pointing out that economic development should not be in a hurry for success, but should adhere to the concept of scientific development and sustainability, and do a good job in environmental protection and energy conservation.In the design of water supply and drainage system in metallurgical industry, it is necessary to integrate the actual production water supply and consumption, control the water pressure, and reasonably arrange the aperture of water supply pipeline and drainage pipeline.Generally speaking, the impact of the hole diameter of water supply and drainage pipes is calculated and planned according to the water consumption of specific water supply points, while the drainage pipes should be connected with the sewage treatment equipment, and the recycling system design should be used to make the wastewater treatment and reuse or sewage centralized treatment and discharge up to the standard.[3]
Energy saving and consumption reduction measures
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Metallurgical enterprises should do well in energy conservation and consumption reduction from the following aspects:
(1) Metallurgical enterprises should be deeply aware of the importance of adopting advanced energy saving and consumption reducing technologies in the production process.It is a strategic idea and means for metallurgical enterprises to reduce production input costs and enhance market competitiveness to actively introduce advanced and mature energy saving and consumption reduction technologies and drive the saving of raw materials, fuels and materials.
(2) Metallurgical enterprises should actively grasp the world's scientific and technological frontier and introduce current advanced production processes and technologies.Comprehensively consider the process matching problem of the enterprise, and ensure that the new development projects of the enterprise are at a high starting point in terms of both technology and energy conservation;Those backward processes and obsolete equipment should be technically reformed or directly updated.Gradually realize the transformation from single equipment energy saving and consumption reduction to system energy saving and consumption reduction in metallurgical enterprises.
(3) Metallurgical enterprises should combine the introduction of advanced technology with the specific conditions of their own enterprises.According to the production and equipment capacity, when applying advanced energy saving and consumption reduction technologies, select advanced equipment and processes to avoid blind investment resulting in idle new equipment or waste of resources.
(4) We will increase investment in science and technology, and continue to study the issue of energy conservation and consumption reduction in production of new enterprises.Combine technology introduction and secondary innovation organically to form an independent enterprise with its own characteristicsenergy conservationConsumption reduction technology system.[4]
