Sir, a Chinese word, its pronunciation is: xi n sheng.LiteralDeclaration of intentionPeople born earlier and older than themselves;In addition, the meaning of "first contact with strange things" is extended to "first contact with strange things".Therefore, in ancient times, it was said that other people's teachers meant to learn from others“DarkerFirst, the teacher means ".[1]
1. Teacher, such as Mr. Zhou (the meaning is the same as that of Mr. Zhou).
2. Honorable title for intellectuals and adults with certain status.
3. It used to refer to the person in charge of accounts or engaged in clerical work.For example, he is inpawnshopMr. Dang.
4. The old term refers to storytelling, face to faceDivinationPeople who take feng shui as their career.[1]
5. Another name for doctors: "Go to see your husband when you are sick".
6. Call someone else's husband or call yourself your husband (specific purpose:Personal pronounOr attributive;For example, your husband and my husband).
After the 7.80s, all men can be called Mr., such as Mr. Wang and Mr. Li.
usage
The word "sir" is always used as a titleSurname addition, called Mr. X, but in ournational cultureIt has another meaning, that is, the title of the teacher on the three feet platform.
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1. First born sonFirstborn。
Poetry·Daya · Shengmin》"On the eve of Christmas, sir,"Zhu XiJi Chuan: "Sir, the first birth."
2. Father and brother.
"Etiquette · Yousi": "His teacher's talent is a threat."Zheng XuanNote: "Sir, elder brother."
《Mencius, MessageNext:“Song KengWhen Mencius met him on a rocky hill, he said, 'Where will you be, sir?' "Zhao Qinote: "The elder of a bachelor's degree is called Mr
"Warring States Policy · Qi Cesan": "Mr. Mengchang sat down and said, 'I would like to hear that you have something to make up for your shortcomings'." Yao Hong noted, "Sir, the elder is the one who lives first."
The epitaph of Madame Song Gumeng written by Ye Shi of Song Dynasty: "The choice of words in essence is the legal words of the elders."
4. Weighingteacher。
《Book of Rites · Yuzao》: "(Boy) If he is free, he will stand in the north and south of the master. When he sees the master, he will enter from the person."Kong YingdaShu: "Sir, teacher."
Chuang Tzu Ying Emperor: "Lie Tzu said, 'Hey, Mr. Zi is dead, but not alive.'"
Song Dynasty·Zeng GongTaiyuanWang'sThe epitaph reads: "The wife's surname is Wang... He is a man who knows well and has strong memories, who has read books and maps, and whose descendants have learned from him."
Ming·Tao ZongyiThe Record of Stopping Cultivating, Duan Bentang: "After the prince finished his education, Xu ordered the left and right to abstain, saying," In this place of study, the elder is in front, and you dare to desecrate the brothels like this. "
Lu Xun"Letters to Xiao Jun and Xiao Hong": "I really worked as a teacher and professor for many years, but I haven't forgotten that I was born as a student."
5. Scaleresign from an official postThe.
"Etiquette · Scholars' Courtesy": "If you are not a gentleman, you will say goodbye when you see him. If you cannot say goodbye, you will say that you have not seen him." Zheng Xuan notes: "Sir, you will be an official."
Qing Dynasty·Wang YinzhiAccording to the Classic, "The gentleman who has already become an official is a gentleman, and the gentleman who has not become an official is a gentleman."
6. Scholar'sGeneral name。canSelf styled, also known as a person.
"Records of the Historian · Supplement to the Three Generations of the World": "Master Zhang asked Mr. Chu."Sima Zhenexpound sth. obscure"Mr. Chu's name is Shaosun." This isChu ShaosunCall yourself Mr.
Selected Works · Huangfu Mi:“Xuan YanSir said: 'The ancients called it Fu without singing.' "Li ShanNote: "Mi said in her preface: 'I started to aspire to study and I named myself Mr. Xuanyan'... Sir, it is also the general name of scholars."
Southern Dynasties, Liang Dynasty·Sinking contract"Book with Tao Hongjing": "Mr. Furrow is vulgar, detached and far away."
Song Dynasty·Wu Zeng"Memorabilia II": "Today's teacher teaches moreHuman officialsThings are not explained. "
7. Formerly known asFacial、Divination、Sing a song、to practice medicine, LookGeomantic omenPeople waiting for a job.
Historical Records·Biography of Huaiyin Marquis》：“﹝Kuai Tong() Say by looking at peopleHan XinHe said: 'The servants taste the art of receiving people'.Han Xin said, 'How do you like people, sir?' "
"The Southern History · Jishizhan Biography": "(Shizhan) was over 40 years old and suddenly failed to achieve his goal, but he planned the salary and life of Mr. Wang, the diviner of Jiangling."
Qing Dynasty·Li Yu"Huang Begs for Phoenix - False Disease": "Please come here and feel his pulse carefully."
《Negative exposure to gossip》The second nine times: "Shun Lin has come back at this time, so he went forward to pour wine, and Mr. Lin pulled outside the doorHuqinShun Lin sang a song of "Sang Yuan Hui", and everyone applauded. "
8. Formerly known as instrument or managementOfficial dutiesPeople.
The Historical Materials of the People's Anti British Struggle in Sanyuanli · Survey of Guangzhou Workers' Participation in the Anti British Struggle in Sanyuanli: "Each line has a 'Mr.' who is elected by workers to be responsible for documents and foreign negotiations."
9. Wife calls husband.
Han Dynasty·Liu Xiang"Women's Biography of Chu Yuling's Wife": "I fear that my husband's life will not be saved."
The term "sir" has a long history.However, in different periods of history, the term "Mr." was used for different objects.
The Analects of Confucius: "If you have wine and food, you will have meals." Note: "Sir, father and brother also." It means that if you have wine and food, you will honor your father and brother.
《Mencius》"Sir, why do you say that?" This "Sir" refers to the elderly and knowledgeable people.
here we arethe warring statesIn the era, the "National Policy": "Sir, why do you sit here?" They all refer to virtuous elders.
In the Han Dynasty, the word "old" was added before "Mr.".
In fact, in ancient times, this word was mainly used to address teachers. The first word to use "Mr." to address teachers began in《Qu Li》"Obey Mr. Yu and talk to others without being rude." Note: "Sir, old people teach scholars".
Of course, most of the former teachers, that is, "Mr.", were men, and gradually became intellectuals and people with a certain identitymanThe honorific title of.
Ming·Zodiacal week《Public Biography of Jie Huan and Yuan》: "Mr. Dong（Dong Qichang）Said: 'Public（Yuan Keli）The talent is also a number of instruments, and the mind is used for four considerations. ""According to Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty and Yuan Keli, the former teacher and examiner of Huang Daozhou, the author of this article, in the same year, "Mr." here still has the meaning of traditional address.
Youming · Dong Qichang《Jie Huan and Yuan Gongxing》"Oh, alas! Nian Qichang and Gong (Yuan Keli) were held at the gate of Mr. Lu Zongbo in Lanyang." The "Mr." here also refers to Dong Qichang and Yuan Keli's teachersMinister of RitesLu Shusheng。
After the Revolution of 1911, the term "old man" became popular again.In the communication field, when meeting each other, people who are mature are all called "old men".
After the 1980s, "Mr." was used more widely.Women also refer to themselves and other people's husbands as "Mr.".
