Debtor country

Countries with more capital input than capital output in international credit relations

Debtor countries are countries where capital input is greater than capital output in international credit relations. The fact that a country becomes a debtor does not necessarily mean that its economic strength is not strong. to develop capitalist country Although there is a lot of debt, the proportion of debt in GDP is not large, especially the proportion of net external debt. and Economy of developed countries With strong strength, sufficient foreign exchange and gold reserves, good balance of payments, sound and developed financial system, and strong ability to repay foreign debts, there was no debt crisis. The economic strength of the developing countries is far less than that of the developed countries, and it is difficult to cope with serious debts. Finally, the debt crisis broke out in 1982. The causes of the international debt crisis are complex, both external and internal.^[1]

Chinese name: Debtor country
Foreign name: net debtor

International credit relationship: The formation of the world economy at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century
main cause: Weak economic development and lack of rationality

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Creditor country

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stay International capital flows In process export of capital Greater than capital input country be called Creditor country Countries whose capital input is greater than capital output are called debtor countries.

International credit relations

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The international credit relationship of debtor countries was established at the same time as the formation of the world economy at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. stay Monopoly capitalism During the free capital period, a small amount of international credit activities began to change into a large number of export of capital And become an important means for monopoly capitalism to expand its foreign economy and seek high profits. the First World War Previously, Britain, France and Germany, supported by their powerful economic forces, became the largest international credit activities Creditor country , of which Britain is in the three countries export of capital 41% of the total. the Second World War Before and after, American economy Its position rose rapidly, and it was the largest in the world until the early 1980s Creditor country 。 Its external export of capital Total amount (including portfolio investment 、 direct investment Foreign "aid", loans, etc.) in 1950, it was 54.4 billion US dollars, and in the late 1970s, it soared to 606.7 billion US dollars.

Causes

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The main reasons for the formation of debtor countries are: ① the domestic economy is weak, its structure cannot bear the requirements of economic growth, and the debt accumulation is increasing; ② Lack of reasonable economic development international economic order 。 The former, such as the United States, has occurred since the mid-1980s Creditor country Transition to debtor countries. The latter is like the majority developing country In 1990, the total external debt increased from 831 billion dollars in 1982 to more than 1.32 trillion dollars, and the debt of the entire debtor country accounted for 50% of the world's gross national product.

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