The 1948 London Olympics was the 14thSummer Olympic GamesOn July 29 August 14, 1948britainLondonHold?In 1908, London hosted the 4th Olympic Games. Forty years later, the world's athletes gathered here again.This is becausethe Second World WarThe first Olympic Games held after a 12 year hiatus wereOlympic MovementA new starting point for.In the long war, people have experienced the pain of their homes being destroyed and their relatives dying, but here they have also experienced the happiness of peace and friendship.the Second World WarLater, many countries got rid of colonial rule.Although they had no time to send well-trained players to participate in the event, they were invited to participate in the event.The number of participating countries and regions reached 59, a record number.
This Olympic Games is basically the same as the last one, with 17 major events and 136 minor events.Only cancelledHandballAnd was listed in the women's kayak for the first time.
The 1948 London Olympics was the first to be televised, althoughbritainIn fact, few people have their ownTelevision。womanRowingFor the first time, the project was listed in the Olympic Games,DenmarkKaren Hoff won the gold medal.17-year-oldU.S.ACompetitor Matthias is engaged indecathlonHe won the gold medal in this event only four months later. He is also a man in the history of the Olympic GamesAthleticsWin on the projectgold medalThe youngest player.The two players who won the championship in 1936 successfully defended their title 12 years later.They participated in the women's foil eventHungaryAthlete Eric and participants in Canadian style double 1000 meter rowingCzechoslovakiaPeople Borzak.NetherlandsCompetitor Cohen is the world record holder of six events, but according to the rules at that time, each player was allowed to participate in only four events. As a result, she won all four events: 100 meters, 80 meters hurdles, 200 meters and 4 × 100 meters.PianistFranceOstmayer wonShot-putanddiscusGold medals in two events.Takaki was in 1938HungaryPistol shooting team wonworld championAt that time, his right hand, the gunman, had been blown up by a grenade.Takats then practiced shooting with his left hand. Ten years later, he won an Olympic gold medal in the pistol rapid fire event.
Basic information
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In 1908, London hosted the 4th Olympic Games. Forty years later, the world's athletes gathered here again.This is the first Olympic Games held after 12 years of interruption due to the Second World War. It is a new starting point for the Olympic Movement.In the long war, people have experienced the pain of their homes being destroyed and their relatives dying, but here they have also experienced the happiness of peace and friendship.After the Second World War, many countries broke away from colonial rule.Although they had no time to send well-trained players to participate in the event, they were invited to participate in the event.The number of participating countries and regions reached 59, a record number.There are 4062 athletes, including 385 women and 3677 men.The top three countries with the largest number of players are: Britain 313, the United States 303, France 285.However, because the war has affected sports, some talented athletes are old and young athletes have not undergone systematic training, so the overall competitive level is not high. The General Assembly only broke four world records, which is relatively rare in the history of the Olympic Games.
In 1948,britainCapital ofLondonAs the host city of the 14th Olympic Games, Britain has specially designedThe emblem of the Olympic Games。The right picture shows the emblem of the 14th Olympic Games.
Bidding process
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In 1945,the Second World WarIn October of that year, the British Olympic Committee applied to the International Olympic Committee to hold the 14th Summer Olympic Games in London.At that time, the flames of war had just been extinguished, and countries were busy with post-war work. London was the only one that applied to host the event.Britain easily won the right to host.Although the war has ended, the wounds left by the war are still visible everywhere.Life is difficult, the economy is depressed, and all walks of life need to be restored.London was no exception. Many people in Britain opposed hosting the Olympic Games under difficult circumstances at that time.The British Olympic Committee has done a lot of publicity work. It has gone everywhere to overcome many difficulties. In the case of lack of funds, it has also built the Olympic Village and repaired some stadiums, so that the preparations for the Games can be completed on schedule.[2]
In the case of lack of funds, make full use of the existing venues and facilities, instead of building the Olympic Village, athletes are placed in military camps, schools, or even private homes.Due to the lack of food, many participating delegations have to bring their own food, including staple food and non-staple food. For example, the Chinese delegation has brought rice, non-staple food (including vermicelli and pickles) and canned food from China;Some countries also donated some food to the London Olympic Games Preparatory Committee.
The opening ceremony
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In London on July 29, 1948Wembley Stadium The opening ceremony of the 14th Olympic Games was held.
Athlete representative swear: Donald Finlay (athlete)
Torch relay
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Torch and transmission route
The Olympic Games will be held from July 29 to August 14, 1948.At 4:00 p.m. on July 29, the King of EnglandGeorge VIOpening of the Conference.British Prime Minister Clement Attlee delivered a friendly speech.The Olympic flame was lit by British track and field athletesJohn Mack On behalf of the athletes, Donald Finlay, a track and field athlete from another host, swore the oath.
In 1948, London hosted the first Olympic Games after World War II.The Olympic torch relay passes through 7 European countries. It started on July 17 and lasted 12 days. It passes through Greece, Italy, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the United Kingdom.1416 torchbearers participated in the 3365km journey, which ended on July 29.
In order to reflect the theme of peace in the 1948 London Olympic torch relay, a lot of activities embodying the symbolic meaning of peace were held during the relay from Olympia to London.For example, Dimitro, the first torchbearer, took off his military uniform, laid down his weapons, put on his sports clothes and began to pass the torch before taking over the torch.[2]
medal
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Medal front
The obverse of the medal is the traditional goddess of victory.She held a palm leaf in her left hand and a corolla worn by the winner in her right.The image of the Goddess of Victory of this Olympic Games was designed by Florentine artist Cassioli, and was selected as the positive pattern of the Olympic medal in the design competition organized by the International Olympic Committee.
On the right side of the front of the medal is engraved the words "London 1948 - the 14th Olympic Games", and the background is the ancient Roman arena pattern.
Back of medal
On the back of the medal, an Olympic champion was surrounded by the crowd, and the scene was jubilant.The Olympic Stadium is in the background.
From 1928 to 1968, the design of 1928 was followed for the Olympic medals.until1972 Munich Olympic GamesAt that time, the Munich Organizing Committee broke through the original design, adopted the design of Gerhard Marcks, a representative of the Bauhaus School of Architecture, and changed the pattern on the back of the medal.
hero
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Blankers Koen
Dutch female player who is the mother of two childrenBlankers Koen Not only won the 100 meter hurdles, 200 meter hurdles and 80 meter hurdles, but also was the main player in the relay race.Her momentum of winning the championship was stopped by the rule that women can only participate in three single track and field events.At the same time, she also holds the women's world records in the high jump and long jump.
Elek, a Hungarian female fencer, won the first prize at the Berlin Olympic Games 12 years ago. In this Olympic Games, the sword edge remains unchanged, and the sword is still young. She won the championship again.It is rare to win the championship after 12 years.
In the 10000 meter race, Zatopec, a budding Czechoslovakia, won in 29:59.6.
The champion of the 5000m is Belgian Ralph, and the runner up is the 10000m champion Zatopec.
Italian Consolini won the first place in discus competition with a result of 52.78 meters, which is also a new Olympic record of this project.
Main Venue
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Main Stadium
Wembley Stadium The designer of is the architect Owen Williams (1890-1969).Williams is the leading British architect and the main representative of the application of concrete and steel skeleton construction methods in Britain. He designed the famous British Empire swimming pool from 1932 to 1934.As early as 1922, Williams attracted people's attention by introducing new materials that were originally used for aircraft and railway construction into building construction.He occupies an important position in the history of British architecture. He is neither an absolute promoter of modernist style nor a defender of traditionalism.Built in London in 1924, Wembley Stadium is a very traditional sports building, which shows the characteristics of the designer's works. The external wall is covered with reinforced concreteStructuralist architectureA pioneer of style.This ancient reinforced concrete surface gives the impression that it is made of ordinary building materials or is coated with plaster.With the cooperation of the architect Sir John Simpson, Maxwell Elton and the engineer Sir Owen Williams, Wembley was completed in 300 days with only 750000 pounds.25000 tons of concrete, 1000 tons of steel and more than 500000 rivets were used in the project.
When the last torchbearer passed through the gate and entered Wembley Stadium, it proved Coubertin's words: what is important in the Olympic Games is not to win but to participate.The essence of life is not to conquer but to strive for the best.
Although radio is still the most basic, we cannot forget that television has been developing.And TV broadcasting has been standardized for the first time, and the British 405 line standard has been adopted.
Journalists worried that the conditions of the Olympic Village in Richmond Park were too poor, and the athletes also worried about the quality of food supply.Several delegations solved their own problems: for example, the food supply of the American track and field athletes was delivered by plane every day. The French delegation decided to bring some wine in barrels, but the law stipulated that only bottled wine was allowed to be imported. The British customs tried to pour expensive liquids into the bottles, but France still complained that its wine was spilled too much.Italy brought its own pasta, rice and white wine.Argentina, worried about the shortage of meat, has its own livestock in Richmond Park.Livestock are killed every morning for daily supply.Barter is also very common.For example, Tosi and Consolini, Italian discus players who later became Olympic champions, left the room every night with pasta and wine, and returned with beef.
Omega used an electronic pistol at the beginning of the game and several imaging devices at the end.
In order to improve the starting in the short distance race, the starting gear was used.
Hungarian player Nemat won the first place in the hammer throw competition.In the wrestling competition, Turkey won six titles and Sweden won five.In weightlifting competitions, American athletes won four championships and Egyptians won two.In the gymnastics competition, the Finn got the best result and won the first place. In the men's swimming and diving competitions, the American players won all eight championships, which is unprecedented in the history of the Olympic Games.
There were obvious mistakes in the referee work of this Games, which left a bad impression.Especially in boxing and swimming competitions, we often see disputes and quarrels due to the unfairness of the host referee.However, the Olympic Games as a whole can be said to be very successful.This will play a positive role in promoting the development of the Olympic Movement and linking the past with the future.Probably because of the end of the war, people were in a relaxed mood. The audience of this Olympic Games was very enthusiastic. The ticket income exceeded 50000 pounds, and about 500000 Britons watched the game on television.
Event Star
The Dutch track and field player Cohen won the 100m, 200m, 80m hurdles and relay races.The rule that women athletes can only participate in three individual track and field events also limits her to win more championships.At that time, she still kept the world records of high jump and long jump.
Young all-around champion
Robert Matthias of the United States easily dominated the discus event in the decathlon. At the age of 17, he defeated Heinrich of France to win the first gold medal in the decathlon at the London Olympic Games.[3]
Chinese team
China sent 33 male athletes to participate in five events, namely basketball (10 people), football (18 people), track and field (3 people), swimming (1 person) and cycling (1 person).A total of 16 football teams participated in the game. The Chinese team first played Turkey and was eliminated after a 0-4 defeat.Basketball is 3-2 in the preliminaries, 2-1 in the losers, ranking 18th among the 23 teams.Wu Chuanyu, a swimmer and Indonesian overseas Chinese, lost the 100m freestyle race.He Haohua, an overseas Chinese from the Netherlands and cyclist, lost the 1000m race due to a fall injury.None of the others won the ranking.
