This entry is missingOverview, add relevant content to make the entry more complete, and it can also be upgraded quickly. Hurry upeditCome on!
Enterprise resources(Enterprise Resource)。In different socio-economic stages, the understanding of enterprise resources is different.Some modern scholars believe that enterprise resources refer toenterpriseIt is owned, controlled or available in the process of providing products or services to the society and can help realizeBusiness objectivesOfproduction factorsCollection of.We should understand enterprise resources from a broader perspective everything that can be transformed into support, help and advantagesmaterialandImmaterialAll are enterprise resources.
Enterprise resources can be divided into external resources and internal resources.The internal resources of an enterprise can be divided into:human resources, financial resourcesinformation resources、Technical resources, management resources, controllable market resources, internal environment resources;The external resources of enterprises can be divided into: industrial resources, industrial resourcesMarket resourcesExternal environmental resources.
Resource classification
Announce
edit
Tangible Resources
Mainly refers toFinancial resourcesAnd physical resources, which are enterprisesOperation managementGenerally, the value of the activity basis can be calculated through the current accounting method.
Financial resources
It is the monetary embodiment of the enterprise's material and non-material elements, which is specifically reflected in the fact that what has occurred can be recorded in the accounts by accounting methodsMonetary measurementOfeconomic resources , includingcapital、Creditor's rightsAnd other rights.It includes not only the size of static scale, but also the dynamic turnover status. To a certain extent, it also includes the ability and level of enterprises to acquire and control these resource elements.The tools that reflect the financial resources of an enterprise are a series offinancial statements。In the enterprise financial resource system, the most important resource is capital.Financial resources are business capabilities of enterpriseseconomic baseIt is also the basic condition for the formation and development of other resources.
Physical resources
It mainly refers to the material formfixed assets, including factory workshops, machinery and equipment, tools and appliancesMeans of production, land, housing and other enterprise properties.Because most fixed assets have large unit value, long service life, strong material form and poor liquidity, their value mostly showsLaw of diminishing marginal returnsOf course, some fixed assets still haveuse valueAnd value, and even increase in value, such as commercial stores in prosperous areas).In traditional industries, fixed assets are an important part of the enterprise resource systemEnterprise strengthImportant sign of size.
Intangible resources
It mainly includes space-time resourcesinformation resources、Technical resources、Brand resources, cultural resources andManage ResourcesEtc.be relative toTangible Resources For example, intangible resources seem invisible without obvious material carriers, but they have become the basis for supporting the development of enterprises and can bring incomparable advantages to enterprises.
Spatiotemporal resources
It refers to the economic time and economic space that enterprises can use as public resources in the market.Time resources (economic time) refer to natural time or calendar time directly or indirectly developed and utilized by human labor.Spatial resources (economic space) refer to the natural space directly transformed and utilized by human labor and undertaken the operation of realistic economic factors.The maxims such as "time is money" and "time is not as good as place" respectively illustrate the importance of time resources and space resources.
Technical resources
Broadly speaking, technical resources include direct and indirect technologies that form products, as well as production process technologies, equipment maintenance technologies, financial management technologies, and production and operation technologiesmanagerial skills。In addition, technical resources should also include skillsinformation gatheringAnd analytical technology, marketing methods, planning skills, negotiation and sales promotion skills and other market development technologies.Technical resources are important factors that determine the business achievements of enterprises, and their effectiveness depends on a certain level offinancialandMaterial resources。
information resources
Information resources refer to the movement state and change mode of all things in the objective world and the subjective world, as well as their internal meaning and utility value.The information resources of an enterprise are composed of various internal and external information materials related to enterprise operation.Information resources play a supporting and reference role in the resource structure of enterprises, and are characterized by universality, sharing, value-added, processability, and multi utility. "Know yourself and know your enemy, and you will be safe in every battle" is the best interpretation of using information resources to add value to the overall resources.
Brand resources
It is a resource composed of a series of intangible factors that indicate the identity of an enterprise or its products.Brand resources can be subdivided intoProduct brand、Service brandandCorporate brandThree types.Brand resources, especiallywell-known trademark Our brand (also known as famous brand) is crucial to the success or failure of enterprise operation, and famous brand is crucial to the maintenance of enterpriseCustomer loyaltyIt has incomparable advantages in developing new markets and promoting new products.
Cultural resources
Is created byCorporate image、Corporate reputation、Enterprise cohesion, organizational moralemanagerial styleAnd a series of intangible factors with cultural characteristics.Compared with tangible resources, they lack direct quantitative characteristics and an objective data base. They exist in the minds of evaluators in the form of a series of social images or cultural images, and are inseparable from their carriers. The formation and development of cultural resources are the cumulative results of the effectiveness of other resources, which can be transferred to the merged or controlled companies and newly established enterprises,Corporate imageBrand reputationIt can also be transferred from the original product tonew productMedium.
Manage Resources
Management is a dynamic creative activity that effectively integrates enterprise resources to achieve the established goals and responsibilities of the enterprise.It directly affects and even determines the overall effectiveness of enterprise resources.Management resources should includeEnterprise management system、OrganizationEnterprise management strategy.
human resources
It refers to the total number of external personnel existing in the enterprise organization system and available, including their physical strength, intelligenceinterpersonal relationshipPsychological characteristics and a summary of their knowledge and experience.On the one hand, human resources represent a certain material existence - the number of personnel, and more importantly, intangible materials such as the internal physical strength, intelligence, interpersonal relationships, knowledge and experience, and psychological characteristics of these employees.Therefore, human resources are tangible and intangible unified resources.It is the most important key resource in the enterprise resource structure, the carrier of enterprise technology resources and information resources, the operator of other resources, and determines the level of effectiveness of all resources.
Market resources
It refers to those that are not owned or controlled by the enterprise, but exist in the market, and are unique because of the strong competitive strength of the enterprisebusiness strategySkills and a wide network of relationships can be used for their own resources.In modern economyeconomic performanceAnd functional market transactions. Generally speaking, market resources mainly include the following:
Relationship Resources
It refers to the reason why the enterprisefinancial institutionSuch as the good relationship between individuals or organizations to obtain resources that can be used outside the enterprise, which should be paid special attention to is customer relationship resources.The long-term good cooperation between the enterprise and the customer establishes customer loyalty, so that the customer becomes powerful in the enterprise operationcompetitive edgeIs an important resource.
Leveraged resources
It means that although not owned by the enterprise, the enterprise canOEMProductionfranchise、Franchise chain、Virtual operationAnd other means for our use.OEM production, franchising, franchise chain and other methods can often leverage more resources with less investment for their own business services. The use of such resources is very similar to the leverage principle in physics.
social resources
It mainly refers to the events or characters that can be used by the society and can bring advantages or business help to the enterprise itself, especially the celebrities, objects and various influential events in the real society.In real business, many enterprises hire various celebrities to inscribe for themselves or do publicity activities at great expense, which is a typical example of using social resources.
Historical and cultural resources
It refers to cultural resources widely existing in society, such as various historical celebrities, historical stories and cultural legends.The key is to explore and apply it first.Sometimes, the historical and cultural resources are some myths and literary stories with certain positive influence fabricated by the enterprise itself.
Other market resources
In addition to the above mentioned material or spiritual forms that can be used by enterprises and form a certain competitive advantage or bring support, help and benefits to enterprises.The so-called opportunity is omnipresent, the key is to see the broad horizon of operators and the level of strategy.The same is true for enterprise management. As long as we are good at using our brains, we can also use many seemingly worthless things, such as garbage, and turn waste into treasure in waste purchase companies.
