The name of the capital area around the capital in the Han Dynasty
Jingzhao isXi'anIt is the ancient name of the capital of the capital city of the capital city of the capital city of the capital city of the Han DynastyZhou DynastyWang Ji and later Qin Dynasty's capital city called the capital jurisdiction.Such as《Water injectionIn Volume 15, there is a saying that "when Luoshui comes out of Beijing, it will be threatened to go to Luoxian County and be lifted up";《Sui Shu·Geography records: "JingzhaoLantian CountyRelevant officials. "It is also the second level in ancient timesAdministrative unitThe scope of jurisdiction is equivalent to Xi'an, Shaanxi and its surrounding areas.
After the Qin Dynasty unified the whole country, it was implemented throughout the countryCounty system, two levelsadministrative managementIn Xianyang, the capital, there is an internal history, which does not belong to any prefecture or county, but directly under the central government.
The internal history governs the counties around Beijing,administrative divisionIt has the same name as the official position and is a county level organization. TodayXi'anThe municipal jurisdiction is within its jurisdiction.
These three are not only administrative divisions, but also official titles, which are equivalent to prefectures,Joint jurisdictionGyeonggi region.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Beijing Zhaoyin, Zuo Fengyi and You Fufeng were restored, and they were subordinate to theSili Xiaowei Headquarters。Zuo Feng Yizhi moved to Gaoling and you Fufeng moved toHuaili(Xianyang todayXingping）。
Emperor Wen of the Three KingdomsHuang ChuIn the first year (220), Beijing Zhaoyin was changed toJingzhao County。In the second year of the Huangchu period (221), the emperor was granted the title of Duke Qin, and Jingzhao County was the State of Qin. In the third year of the Huangchu period, it was renamed Jingzhao State.
Emperor Wei MingIn the third year of Qinglong's reign (235), Emperor Xun was appointed King of Qin, and Jingzhao State was changed into the State of Qin.King of Qi（Cao Fang）In the first five years (244), it was changed to Jingzhao County. Today, Xi'an belongs to five counties, exceptZhou Zhi、Huxian CountyOutside the jurisdiction.In the Western Jin Dynasty, Jingzhao Prefecture was still set up in Chang'an, and its jurisdiction was smaller than that in the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty.
Both the Sui and Tang dynasties were in Chang'anHan Chang'an CityAnother new town was built in the south, which was called by the Sui Dynastydaxing 。Tang GaozongYonghuiIn the fourth year (653), it was renamed Chang'an City.
In the capital area around Chang'an City, the Sui and Tang dynasties all set up Jingzhao Yin (prefecture, government) or Yongzhou, which was a prefecture level system to unify more than 20 counties such as Chang'an and Daxing (changed to Wannian in the Tang Dynasty).
After the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an was no longer the capital of the country, but still had considerable importance, so it was designated as an important western town by several royal dynasties.
Five generationLater Tang Dynasty, renamed Chang'an asJingzhao Mansion, as the northwest and southwest of the countryRegionalAn important town.AfterNorthern Song DynastyandJin DynastyJingzhao Mansion was also taken as a regional key town controlling northwest and southwest China, which was highly valued by the rulers of previous dynasties.
Kublai khanestablishyuan dynasty, set up in the west of TongguanShaanxi ProvinceHe took Jingzhao Mansion as the governing place of Shaanxi Province, and granted his third son, busy Gela, as the King of Anxi. He built a luxurious and magnificent Anxi Mansion in the east and north of Jingzhao Mansion.Later, the Yuan government changed the name of Jingzhao Mansion to Anxi Road andFengyuan Road。
Jingzhao Mansion
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① In the Han Dynasty, the office of Jingzhao Yin was called Jingzhao Mansion.
② Tang DynastyGuannei RoadIt is one of the prefectures under its jurisdiction, and has jurisdiction over 23 counties including Wannian, which is the administrative organ of the Gyeonggi region.
tang xunzongIn the first year of the Kaiyuan era (713), Yongzhou was changed to Jingzhao Prefecture, where the chief was the herdsman, and most of them were princes;The actual chief is Yin, who judges the government affairs;set upShao YinTwo people, Zoelli government affairs, the end of the year more on the plan;SubordinateSilu joined the armyAnd Si GongSilos, Secretary of State and other officials.
administrative division
In the first year of Kaiyuan (713), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed Yongzhou into Jingzhao Mansion.Ten thousand years of governance (today's ShaanxiXi'anCity).
After the Tang Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty still referred to the area under its governance as Jingzhao Mansion, just like the Tang system, and also called it Jingzhao Mansion.
In all previous dynasties, the imperial family was stationed by their powerful officials, such as Kublai Khan in the early Yuan DynastySouthern Song DynastyAfter the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the following year, the ninth year of the Zhiyuan era (1272), he named his third son, Mangela, King Anxi. Soon, Jingzhao Mansion and Jingzhao Mansion were renamed Anxi Mansion and Anxi Mansion.
Introduction to Jing Zhaoyin
In the first year of the Taichu era (104 BC), the right internal history was changed into the capital sign Yin, and the eastern half of the original right internal history was divided into its jurisdiction. Because it belongs to the Jifu area, it is not called a county.The position is equivalent to that of county magistrate, but participationcivil official post。The governance lies in Chang'an.three countriesThe jurisdiction of Wei was renamed Jingzhao County, and its official name was renamed Taishou.The Western Wei Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty were still called prefectures, and the prefect was changed to Yin.
At the beginning of the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, the governor of Yongzhou was changed to the governor of Beijing, and a few Yin were added to manage the affairs of the government.Later generations will not buy it, but it is customary to call it the location of the capitalexecutiveIt is a sign of Beijing.The official position isTop four productsOn.ManchuThat is to say, Kyoto and more than 30 nearby counties are divided into onespecial administrative region, saidShuntian Mansion, long official titleShuntian Mansion Yin。In the early years of the Republic of China, it still followed the system of the Qing Dynasty, and its jurisdiction was reduced toWanping CountyAnd more than 20 counties.In October 1914, it was renamed Jingzhao, and its chief executive, Jingzhao Yin, issued the《Beijing Zhaoyin Official System》The Jingzhao Yin Office was established, and the status of Jingzhao is the same as that of the province.In 1928, Beijing Zhaoyin Official System was abolished.
Traceability: In the early Tang Dynasty, there was no Jingzhao Mansion.The administrative body where the capital is located is Yongzhou Prefecture, which is held by a highly qualified princeYongzhou Animal Husbandry，Tang Taizong, Zhongzongyejong I have held this post before I ascended the throne.In fact, these princes are mainly named after the general outline. The real leader of Yongzhou is the governor of Yongzhou.
Xuanzong in the first year of Kaiyuan in the Tang DynastyLi LongjiThe first Jingzhao Yin wasMeng Wenli。
11th century BC
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In the 11th century BCZhou YuanZhou people in the region moved the activity center to the Fenghe River basin in the southwest of Xi'an City.father of the first Zhou kingFengjing was established on the west bank of the Fenghe River, and its son, Queen Wu, was established on the east bank of the Fenghe RiverHaojing, unifying the whole country, creating a long history of Xi'an as the political, economic and cultural center of ancient China.
Abundant pickaxeThe two capitals face each other across the riverWestern Zhou Dynastydynastypolitical center，FengjingIt was a place for offering sacrifices to the ancestors until 770 BCKing Ping of ZhouBefore the capital was moved to Luoyang, this capital city has been regarded as the "Zongzhou" by the vassals all over the country.
the warring statesThe Qin State moved its capital successively in the eraQueyang(TodayYanliang DistrictWutun Township) and Xianyang, which is now the suburb of Xianyang near the urban area of Xi'an.After the Qin Dynasty unified the country, many famous palaces were built in the northern suburbs of Xi'an, such asEpang Palace、Zhangtai Palace、Xingle Palace, Xingong, etc.Implemented locallyprefectures and countiesTwo levelsAdministrative systemIt is established that the Inner History District governs all the counties around the capital (the Inner History Administrative District has the same name as the official post, and is a county level administrative system), and the jurisdiction of Xi'an today belongs to its jurisdiction.
At the end of Qin Dynasty, the Chu and Han Dynasties fought, and the Xianyang Palace was destroyed.In the seventh year of Emperor Gaodi of the Han Dynasty (200 BC), Chang'an (the name of a village gathering in the suburb of Xianyang in Qin Dynasty) was established as the capitalWeihe RiverSouth Bank).HuidiChang'an City Wall was built at that time, with an urban area of 36square kilometreThe perimeter of the city wall is 25.7 kilometers.The main palaces are located in the south of the city, and the palace area accounts for more than 1/2 of the total area of Chang'an City.Except for palacesGovernment officeThere are 9 business districts and 160 residents in Luli outside the dignitary and palace workshops.City sizeIt is grand, densely built, accessible and convenient.In the second year of Emperor Gaodi of the Western Han Dynasty, Weinan, Zhongdi and Heshang prefectures were set up in the original historical site of the Qin Dynasty, which respectively have the jurisdiction of Xi'an today.
In the ninth year of Emperor Gaodi (198BC), the three prefectures were revoked and the internal history was restored, and Chang'an was ruled.
Emperor JingdiTwo years ago (155 BC), the left and right internal history were divided. In the first year of Emperor Wu's Taichu (104 BC), the right internal history was changed to Jingzhaoyin in the east, Youfufeng in the west, Zuo Fengyi in the left internal history, known as "three auxiliary", and jointly governed the city of Chang'an.These three are both regional names and official names, which are equivalent to the prefecture and jointly govern the Gyeonggi region.
Four years of tax collection (first 89 years)Monitoring areaSili is subordinate to the Xiaowei Department, with three auxiliary departments.In the fourth year of the first year of Emperor Ping at the end of the Western Han Dynasty (4), it was divided into three parts: Beijing Zhaoyin, HuiguangAfterbearingLieer County.
In the late Western Han Dynasty,usurper who founded the Xin dynastyThe Han Dynasty was abolished as emperor, and the country's name was "new", changing Chang'an into Chang'an.In the first year (14) of the new Chaotianfeng era, there were three sub prefectures: Shi Wei, Yi Wei, Guang Wei, Jing Wei, Fu Wei and Lie Wei.
After the Tang Dynasty
After the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an City was no longer the capital, and its development was affected to some extent, but it was still an important local city.God blessThe first year (904),Han JianIn order to protect the national army, the Jiedu envoy guarded Chang'an and abolished the palace city andOuter City, Rebuild Zicheng（Imperial city）In the south, Zhuque Gate was closed, Yanxi Gate and Anfu Gate were closed, and Xuanwu Gate was opened in the north. It was Chang'an City in the Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.
In the first year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty (907), Jingzhao Mansion was changed to Yongzhou, and later to Da'an Mansion.Later Tang DynastyIsomorphismIn the first year, it was restored to Jingzhao Mansion.Later Jin Dynasty、Later Han Dynasty、Week afterIt has been used all the time and has jurisdiction over more than 10 counties, including Chang'an and Wannian.
Chang'an City in the Northern Song Dynasty was still one of the major commercial cities in China due to its declining population.In the area around Chang'an City, the Song and Jin Dynasties still set up Jingzhao Mansion in the city, which governs Chang'an and Wannian（Fan Chuan、Xianning）14 counties (Jin12 counties).At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Jingzhao Mansion was still set in Chang'an City, and it was changed to Anxi in the tenth year of the Zhiyuan era (1273)Executive Office。Huang QingIn the first year (1312), it was changed to Fengyuan Road.
Fengyuan Road was changed toXi'anFu, hence the name "Xi'an".Emperor Taizu of the Ming DynastyThe second son Zhu Mushuang was appointed King of Qin to guard Xi'an.The Ming Dynasty expanded the Chang'an City of the Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty to the north and east, forming the scale of the ancient city of Xi'an today.In the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu City was built in the northeast corner of Xi'an, occupying the presentNorth StreetEastEast Streetto the north of.Other streets and alleys are the same as those in the Ming Dynasty.
The Qing Dynasty continued to use the name of Xi'an Prefecture, governing 15 counties including Chang'an and Xianning, 1 prefecture, Xiaoyi (today's Zhashui)Ningshan(Today's County) and other 2 halls.
the Republic of China era
In 1913, the government of the Republic of China set up in GuanzhongGuanzhong RoadAnd has jurisdiction over 41 counties including Chang'an.Withdrawn in 1914Xianning County, merged into Chang'an County, ending the situation that one city was under the charge of two counties after the Han Dynasty.
In 1928, Chang'an City and its suburbs were divided into Xi'an City.
In 1930, it was withdrawn from the city and returned to Chang'an County.
In 1933, Xi'an was re established as one of the six municipalities directly under the Central Government of the Executive Yuan of the National Government.
In 1938, Chang'an County moved to Dazhao Town in the south of the city.Shortly thereafter, Xi'an was again revoked.
In 1941, Xi'an was re established as a city under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province.
In 1947, it became one of the 13 municipalities directly under the Central Government.
It was upgraded to a municipality directly under the Central Government in 1953 and changed toProvincial citiesAt the same time, the original 12 districts were adjusted to 9 districts (now the 6 districts in the main city plus Changle District, Afang District and Caotan District).Since then, the ownership relationship of Xi'an has not changed, but the counties under its jurisdiction have changed constantly, and it was not stable until 1983.
