The State of Arizona, located inU.S.ASouthwest of.It connects to the eastNew Mexico, South andMexicoAdjoinColorado RiverAndCaliforniaOpposite, northwest boundaryNevada, northUtahWith a total area of 295000 square kilometers,[1]State capitalTRABTECH（Phoenix）。
Arizona is also known as the Grand Canyon State. The state flower is columnarcactus。State birds areWren。[1]
four hundred and eighty trillion and five hundred and twenty billion six hundred and two million six hundred and twenty-three thousand nine hundred and twenty-eight
climatic conditions
Subtropical continental arid and semi-arid climate
Arizona used to beIndianHopi , Papago, Pima, ApacheNavajoResidence of.In 1540, the Spanish expedition arrived here in search of the legendary seven golden cities.In 1776, the SpanishTucsonEstablish settlements.After Mexico's independence, New Mexico, including Arizona, was established in 1824.1848US Mexico WarLater, it belongs to the United States.Established on February 14, 1912, it became the last state among the 48 states in the United States to join the Union.There are more than 90000 Indians in the state, belonging to 14 tribes, living in 19 reserves.[2]On October 14, 1989,Kaiping CityIt was officially concluded as a sister city with Mesa, Arizona, United States of America. Guan Junyi, mayor of Kaiping, and Deng Weili, mayor of Mesa, signed a friendly cooperation agreement between the two cities.[7]
administrative division
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Arizona governs 15 counties and the state capitalTRABTECH（Phoenix）。
Native American tribe of the same name, later calledQuechan people
190,557
14294 square kilometers
geographical environment
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landforms
Arizona's position on the map of the United States
The whole prefecture can be divided into two natural geographical regions:Colorado PlateauIt is a part of the state, accounting for 2/5 of the total area, including the Grand Canyon, with an altitude of 1200-2400m and a flat surface.Colorado RiverIn the northwest of the stateColorado Grand CanyonIt is 1800 meters deep and has stepped cliffs on both sides. The scenery is magnificent.The central part of the plateau is an extinct volcano covered with forest, and Humphrey Peak (3851m) is the highest point in the state.The south belongs to basin and mountain area.The southeast mountains belong toThe Rocky Mountains；The southwest is a large basin among mountains, including Pingye, which together account for 3/5 of the total area of the state.The Colorado River is a large river that flows into the Pacific OceanGulf of CaliforniaIt has become a trickle, and more than 99% of the flow is intercepted in the United States.[2]
climate
As the terrain fluctuates violently, the climate of the whole prefecture changes greatly.In winter, some parts of the Colorado Plateau are cool and some parts are cold.Located in the north of the middleFlagstaffThe average temperature in January is - 3 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 19 ℃.The capital in the south central partTRABTECHThe average temperature in January is 11 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 33 ℃.There are few clouds and many sunny days. The annual precipitation in the whole prefecture is about 330 mm. The annual precipitation in the peak area is more, between 500 and 1000 mm. The snow in the winter peak can reach 1.5 meters deep.The annual precipitation in the desert area of southwest China is only about 50~150 mm.[2]
natural resources
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plant resources
Arizona
According to the type of vegetation, 10% of the prefecture is covered by forest, 25% is woody community area, 25% is grassland, and 40% is desert shrub area.The most common type of cactus in the desert is the columnar cactus, on which the owl hides.cactusThere is a kind ofwestern hemisphereWild boar is drought resistant.There are also sand turtles, scorpions and ferociouslizard, rattlingRattlesnakeAnd the dreaded venomous lizard.As Arizona moves northward, the terrain is higher, the climate is cooler and the rainfall increases.There are other animals and plants on the ground, including luxuriant grass, trees, deer, big wild catsLong nosed raccoon。Higher areas have forests.[2]
Mineral resources
Rich in minerals, it is the largest copper mine producing area in the United States, and its main minerals include copper, gold, silver, oil, etc.The output of copper accounts for 50% of the country's total, with an annual output of 5 million grams of gold and 35 million grams of silver.[2]
Population and nationality
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Arizona Scenery
Arizona has a population of about 6.48 million (2011), ranking 16th in the United States.Among them, 75.5% are white (63.8% Hispanic), 5.0% are Native Indians, 3.1% are African Americans, and 1.8% areAsianAmerican, 0.1%HawaiiOr descendants of Oceania, 11.6% belong to other races and 2.9% belong to mixed races.Phoenix is the capital and the largest city of Arizona.[3]
Economic overview
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In the early period, Arizona's economy relied on five Cs, namely coppercotton(cotton), cattle (cattle)citrus(Citrus) and tourism climate (climate) toprimary industryMainly.After the Second World War,manufacturing industryIt has developed rapidly and has taken a leading position in the economy.The main sectors are aviation, power, telecommunications, aluminum products, etc.Arizona is the largest copper producing area in the United States, accounting for 60% of the country's copper production. In addition, Arizona is one of the four major cotton producing areas in the United States, accounting for 47% of the country's long staple cotton production.[1]
foreign trade
Arizona's total trade exports in 2011 were 17.5 billion US dollars, up 11.8% year on year, ranking 27th in the United States, down 3 places from 2010.Mexico is its largest export market, with an export volume of US $5.74 billion, followed by Canada, China, Japan, the United Kingdom and Germany.The main export products are computers and electronic products, transportation equipment, machinery equipment, agricultural products, mineral products, electronic instruments and equipment, metal manufacturing, etc.[3]
In 2011, the import volume of the state was 17.56 billion US dollars, up 12.4% year on year;The import amount ranked 26th in the United States, down one place from 2010.Mexico is its largest source of imports, with imports of 6.17 billion US dollars, followed by China, Japan, Canada and Malaysia.The main imported products are computers and electronic products, machinery and equipment, agricultural products, transportation equipment, electronic instruments and accessories, etc.[3]
manufacturing industry
After the Second World War, the manufacturing industry developed rapidly and still played an important role in the economy. The main sectors are aviation, power, telecommunications, aluminum products, etc.Arizona's manufacturing industry is dominated by high-tech industries, and its metal smelting industry is quite developed, including aerospace, environmental protection, optoelectronics, and electronics and semiconductors.Phoenix Contact and Tucson are two major industrial centers, with aluminum smelting, cotton ginning, aircraft parts, electronic computers and other industries.The state is close to the vast emerging markets in the western United States, andLos AngelesThe distance between the two major ports on Long Island and the southwest of the United States is not far. In addition, they are close to the Mexican border, and can use a large number of cheap labor to develop manufacturing by OEM.[3]
Electronic industry
Another important industry in Arizona is the electronics industry.There are about 150 enterprises, mainly engaged in the research and development of precision electronic parts, electronic design software, positioning system, laser, electronic data transmission and storage, as well as the production and service of large optical lenses and parts.[3]
social undertakings
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education
There are 2580 primary and secondary schools in Arizona, 220 of which are public schools, and the total number of students exceeds 1.1 million.There are 86 colleges and universities in the state, and the famous colleges and universities are Arizona University, Arizona State University and North Arizona University.arizona state university It is one of the five largest and best "university cities" in the United States. Founded in 1885, it has 18 colleges and 12 schools.[3]
tourism
Meteorite crater
There are 34 national parks, national forests, wildlife reserves and other scenic spots in the state, and the main tourist areas areColorado Grand CanyonColor desert, petrified forest and meteorite crater.[2-3]
Transportation
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There are four interstate expressways in Arizona, namely No. 40, No. 17, No. 10 and No. 8, connecting the east-west expressway trunk lines.In terms of railway facilities, there are two trans American railway lines passing through the state, the South Pacific line in the south and the Santa Fe line in the north.There are also four interstate railways connecting cities.Phoenix Contact and Tucson have perfect international airport facilities, 14 major airlines in the United States take off and land flights every day, and open direct flights with 50 major cities in the United States.[3]
Famous people
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John McCain
Jon Kyl (Jon Kyl) is a Republican senator from Arizona.[4]
John McCain(John Sidney McCain III), an American politician and a Republican heavyweight, once served as a senior federal senator of Arizona, belonging to the "moderates" in the party, and ran for the presidency of the United States in 2008.[5-6]
Abortion ban
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On April 9, 2024, the Supreme Court of Arizona ruled that the ban on abortion enacted in 1864 could be enforced, almost prohibiting any abortion in the state.Once the ruling of Arizona was announced, it aroused strong dissatisfaction among Democrats. The Attorney General of Arizona declared that the ruling was "unreasonable and an insult to freedom".US President Biden condemned the Arizona abortion ban as "cruel" and "extreme".Some analysts pointed out that Arizona may become one of the states with the most fierce competition around women's abortion rights in the 2024 US general election.[9]
