Eicosapentaenoic acid

Chemical organic matter

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This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" to examine.

Eicosapentaenoic acid is a kind of organic compound , the molecular formula is C twenty H thirty O two , molecular weight is 302.451, it is colorless to yellowish transparent liquid at normal temperature, tasteless, odorless, and has a certain smell after oxidation.^[1] Health use.

Chinese name: Eicosapentaenoic acid
Foreign name: Eicosapentaenoic Acid
chemical formula: C twenty H thirty O two
molecular weight: three hundred and two point four five one
CAS login number: 10417-94-4

Melting point: -54 ℃
Density: 0.943 g/cm³
Flash point: 93 ℃
MDL No: MFCD00065716
BRN No: one million seven hundred and fourteen thousand four hundred and thirty-three

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Physical property data

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Character: colorless to yellowish transparent liquid at normal temperature, tasteless, odorless, with certain odor after oxidation.

Density (g/mL, 25/4 ℃): 0.943

Melting point (º C): − 54

Refractive index: n20/D1.4977

Flash point (º C): 93^[2]

Ecological data

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Generally, it is not harmful to water. Do not discharge materials into the surrounding environment without government permission.^[2]

Molecular structure data

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1、 Molar refractive index ：96.55

2. Molar volume: 321.3

3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K): 785.6

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 35.7

5. Polarization rate: 38.27^[2]

Calculate chemical data

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1. Reference value of drainage parameter calculation (XlogP): 5.6

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1

3. Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 2

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 13

5. Topological molecule polar surface area (TPSA): 37.2

6. Number of heavy atoms: 22

7. Surface charge: 0

8. Complexity: 398

9、 Isotope atom Quantity: 0

10. Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0

11. Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0

12. Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers: 0

13. Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0

14. Number of covalent bond units: 1^[2]

Properties and stability

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Unstable, easily oxidized and cracked. Natural EPA mainly exists in diatoms and other plankton.^[2]

Storage method

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Sealed nitrogen filled and dark packaging. Store at low temperature and away from light, and pay attention to prevent oxidation and deterioration.^[2]

synthetic method

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Method 1. Use fish liver or shredded fish as raw material

The refined fish oil is obtained by processing fish liver or minced fish. After the refined fish oil is pre concentrated by urea inclusion, the extraction pressure is 11-15MPa and the extraction temperature is 35 ℃; Under the condition of rectification pressure of 11-15MPa and rectification temperature of 40-85 ℃, EPA+DHA is purified to 90%. Two step separation method is adopted to purify EPA to 67% and DHA to more than 90%.

Fish oil fatty acid ethyl ester[ Supercritical CO2 extraction ]→ [Separate] EPA

Method 2: Take herring offal as raw material

Made from herring offal Polyunsaturated fatty acids The total content of EPA and DHA is 64.8%.

Method 3: Arachidonic acid As raw material

EPA was prepared from arachidonic acid by desaturation.

Arachidonic acid [desaturation] → EPA

Method 4. Supercritical multi-component fluid precision distillation technology

Method 5. Extracting fish oil by light alkali hydrolysis

Method 6. Extracting fish oil by potassium method

The extraction rate of fish oil was 24.4%; The acid value is 2.58; Iodine value is 309; Saponification value is 178.7; Peroxide value 0.070%; EPA content is 15.05%.^[2-3]

security information

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Dangerous transport code: UN32658/PG3

Safety sign: S26S45S36/S37/S39

Hazard sign: R34^[3]

Health use

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Autoimmunity Defects. Exists in fish oil Ω - 3 in fatty acid (including EPA) has been proven to reduce harmful immune reactions and be effective in treating inflammation caused by autoimmune deficiency, such as arthritis 。

The health of the circulatory system. Omega-3 fatty acids have been proven to promote the health of the circulatory system and prevent cholesterol and fat from accumulating on the arterial wall. Fish oil supplementation can also reduce diabetes hypertension 。

Growth and development. It is necessary for normal growth and development to keep the content of omega - 3 fatty acids in the body in an appropriate balance position. Nutrition experts recommend that infants should absorb various types of omega-3 fatty acids from their daily diet and supplements. As required by these recommendations, baby EPA absorbed in daily diet shall be less than 0.1%.

Other situations. Omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA, have significant effects on lung disease, kidney disease Type 2 diabetes The treatment of large intestinal ulcer and segmental ileitis will play a positive role.^[3]

Edible source

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food

You can eat Cold water fish For example, wild salmon (not raised in the fishery) Mackerel 、 sardine and Herring To obtain EPA.

Salmon is one of the sources of EPA

other

EPA is also present in fish oil supplements. Some foods may also contain vitamin E To keep it fresh.^[3]

Recommended dosage

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Take 2-3 portions of fatty fish every week or 3-4 grams a day Fish oil capsule It can provide proper amount of omega - 3 fatty acids for your body. Besides, if you just need to add DHA , you can choose to take 200 mg daily from seaweed DHA extracted from. When you need to take supplements, please follow the guidelines on the drug label and storage requirements. Some medicines need refrigeration. Do not use products that have expired.^[3]

matters needing attention

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Fish oil capsule contain DHA And EPA. Supplements containing EPA are not recommended for infants and young children, because they will destroy the balance of DHA and EPA in the human body during early development. Therefore, pregnant women should be careful when taking fish oil supplements. You can take EPA free DHA supplements to avoid this damage.

Taking fish oil capsules may have side effects, such as loose stool, waist discomfort and constant hiccups. In addition, it will also lead to Coagulation time Slightly extended. Therefore, Coagulation function People who are abnormal or taking anti lipid drugs should consult their health consultant before taking fish oil capsules. In the process of digesting fish oil capsules Oxidation resistance Need to improve. Therefore, together with vitamin E Taking these supplements together can ensure this improvement.^[3]

Relationship with drugs

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and aspirin Taking omega-3 fatty acids together will affect several types of coronary artery The treatment of thrombosis is effective. If you suffer from this disease, please consult your therapist to see if this treatment is suitable for you.

Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce some cyclosporine Cyclosporin (used to reduce the incidence of transplant recipients Rejection reaction The probability of treatment). If you want to add new drugs or supplements to the existing medication or diet, please consult your therapist.

EPA has been proved to be able to improve the drugs used to treat severe chronic psoriasis (low-dose etretinate and a noted Adrenocortical Hormones ). If you suffer from chronic psoriasis, please consult your doctor to see if this mixed drug therapy is effective for you.^[3-4]

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