acetic anhydride

Organic compound

Collection

zero Useful+1

zero

synonym Acetic anhydride (Acetic anhydride) generally refers to acetic anhydride

Acetic anhydride, an organic substance, chemical formula C four H six O three , a colorless transparent liquid with strong acetic acid odor, sour taste, hygroscopic, soluble in chloroform and ether, slowly soluble in water to form acetic acid, and reacted with ethanol to form ethyl acetate. Flammable, corrosive, tear inducing.

Chinese name: acetic anhydride
Foreign name: Acetic anhydride
Alias: Acetic anhydride
chemical formula: C four H six O three
molecular weight: one hundred and two point zero nine
CAS login number: 108-24-7
EINECS login number: 203-564-8
Melting point: -73 ℃

Boiling point: 140 ℃
Density: 1.087 g/cm³
Appearance: Colorless Transparent Liquid
Flash point: 49 ℃ （OC）
Application: Acetylation reagents, solvents and dehydrating agents
Security description: S16；S26；S33；S36/37/39；S45
Hazard symbol: C；F；Xi；Xn
Hazard description: R10；R11；R19；R20/21/22；R34；R37/38；R41
UN dangerous goods number: one thousand seven hundred and fifteen

catalog

essential information

Announce

edit

Chemical formula: C four H six O three

Molecular weight: 102.089

CAS No.: 108-24-7

EINECS No. 203-564-8

Physical and chemical properties

Announce

edit

physical property

Melting point: - 73 ℃

Boiling point: 140 ℃

Density: 1.087g/cm three

Saturated vapor pressure: 1.33kPa (36 ℃)

Critical temperature: 326 ℃

Critical pressure: 4.36MPa

Flash point: 49 ℃ (OC)

Upper explosive limit: 10.3%

Lower explosive limit: 2.7%

Refractive index: 1.3903 (20 ℃)

Appearance: colorless transparent liquid with pungent smell

Solubility: soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene^[1]

chemical property

Flammable, its vapor can form with air Explosive mixture , can cause combustion and explosion in case of open fire and high heat. Chemical reaction may occur in contact with strong oxidant. Can and alcohol 、 phenol and amine Are formed respectively Acetate and Acetamide Class compounds. stay Lewis acid In the presence of acetic anhydride, aromatics or olefins can also be acetylated. stay Sodium acetate In the presence of, acetic anhydride reacts with benzaldehyde to form cinnamic acid 。 Slowly dissolve in water to become acetic acid. Generated by interaction with alcohols Acetate 。

Molecular structure data

Announce

edit

Molar refractive index: 22.38

Molar volume (cm three /mol）：95.1

Isotonic specific volume (90.2K): 221.0

Surface tension (dyne/cm): 29.1

Polarization (10 -24 cm three ）：8.87^[1]

Calculate chemical data

Announce

edit

Reference value of drainage parameter calculation (XlogP): - 0.1

Number of hydrogen bond donors: 0

Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 3

Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 2

Number of tautomers: 0

Topological molecular polar surface area: 43.4

Number of heavy atoms: 7

Surface charge: 0

Complexity: 83.1

Number of isotope atoms: 0

Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0

Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0

Determine the number of chemical bond structure centers: 0

Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0

Number of covalent bond units: 1^[1]

toxicology data

Announce

edit

1. Skin/eye irritation:

Standard Draize test: rabbit, skin contact: 540mg, reaction severity: mild.

2. Acute toxicity

Rat oral LD fifty ：1780mg/kg

Inhalation of LD in rats fifty ：1000ppm/4H

Rabbit skin contact LD fifty ：4mL/kg

3. Other multi dose toxicity

Mice inhaled TCLo: 2470 μ g/m three /24H/95D-C

4. It is of low toxicity, which can cause damage to skin, eyes and respiratory tract mucosa, and has the function of tearing. It can cause protein denaturation of tissue cells. Its vapor is extremely irritating, and the toxic effect of inhalation of vapor is basically the same as that of acetic acid. Frequent contact may cause dermatitis, chronic conjunctivitis, etc. In case of skin contact, wash with plenty of water and soap immediately, and then apply scald ointment 24 hours later. Maximum allowable concentration in workplace 20.85mg/m three 。 Inhalation lethal concentration of mice is 4170mg/m three 。^[1]

purpose

Announce

edit

Acetic anhydride is an important acetylation reagent. Acetic anhydride is used to produce cellulose acetate, acetic acid plastics, and incombustible film; It is used in the pharmaceutical industry to manufacture synthetic mycin Shitelin 、 Dibazol 、 caffeine and aspirin 、 sulfa Drugs, etc; In the dye industry, it is mainly used to produce disperse dark blue HCL, disperse bright red S-SWEL, disperse yellow brown S-2REL, etc; Used for production in the spice industry coumarin 、 Bornyl acetate 、 Musk of sunflower seed 、 Cypress acetate 、 Phenylethyl acetate 、 Geranyl acetate Etc; Made from acetic anhydride Acetyl peroxide It is the initiator and bleaching agent of polymerization. Used for testing alcohol, aromatic primary amine and secondary amine; Used in organic synthesis, dyes, pharmaceutical industry and manufacturing of acetyl compounds. As a solvent and dehydrating agent, it is also an important acetylation agent and polymer initiator. The final products are cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate plastic. It can also be used to manufacture heroin, 1-phenyl-2-acetone and N-acetyl-o-aminobenzoic acid, as well as a preparation for the production of methaqualone, neomethaqualone and methamphetamine.

Regulatory information

Announce

edit

According to the list of precursor chemicals listed in the Regulations on the Administration of precursor chemicals issued by the State Council on August 17, 2005, acetic anhydride belongs to the second category of precursor chemicals under national supervision. Its production, operation, purchase, transportation, import and export shall be subject to classified management and licensing system.

First aid measures

Announce

edit

Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothes immediately, and wash with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.

Eye contact: immediately lift the eyelid, and thoroughly flush it with a large amount of flowing water or physiological saline for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.

Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. In case of dyspnea, seek medical treatment immediately.

Ingestion: Get medical treatment immediately after ingestion.

Fire fighting measures

Announce

edit

Hazardous combustion products: CO, CO two

Extinguishing method: spray the escaping liquid with water to dilute it into a non combustible mixture, and use foggy water to protect firefighters.

Extinguishing agent: spray water, insoluble foam, dry powder.

Leakage emergency treatment

Announce

edit

Evacuate the personnel in the leakage contaminated area to a safe area quickly, isolate them, cut off the leakage source immediately, move the containers to a safe area quickly, and the emergency disposal personnel should wear safe articles to put back. It is recommended that emergency treatment personnel wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and acid and alkali resistant work clothes. Do not touch the leakage directly. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Prevent from flowing into restricted spaces such as sewers and flood discharge ditches.

Small amount of leakage: mixed with sand, dry lime or soda ash.

Large amount of leakage: build a dike or dig a pit to receive. Cut off the leakage source immediately, move the container to a safe area quickly, and the emergency disposal personnel should wear safe articles to put back the contaminated site, contaminated products, and waste cleaning materials two O， Emergency disposal tools shall be treated innocuously to meet environmental requirements. Strictly prevent the expansion of pollution and the occurrence of secondary disasters.

Handling and storage

Announce

edit

Precautions for operation: close operation and strengthen ventilation. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter type gas mask (full mask), acid and alkali resistant plastic work clothes and rubber acid and alkali resistant gloves. Keep away from kindling and heat sources, and smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace. Use explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment. Prevent vapor leakage into the air of the workplace. Avoid contact with oxidants, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, active metal powders and alcohols. Load and unload gently during transportation to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment of corresponding types and quantities shall be provided. Empty containers may leave harmful substances.

Precautions for storage: store in a cool, dry and well ventilated warehouse. Keep away from kindling and heat sources. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ℃. Keep container sealed. It shall be stored separately from oxidants, reducing agents, acids, alkalis, active metal powders, alcohols, etc., and mixed storage is strictly prohibited. Explosion proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to generate sparks. The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and appropriate materials.