Mainboard chipset

Main board components

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a main board Chipset Chipset is the core component of the motherboard, which can be compared to the bridge between CPU and peripheral devices. In the computer industry, design Chipset The manufacturer of is Core Logic The Chinese meaning of Core is the core or center, and its importance can be seen only from the literal meaning. For mainboards, Chipset It almost determines the function of this motherboard, and then affects the performance of the entire computer system. Chipsets are the soul of the motherboard. Chipset The performance determines the performance and level of the motherboard. CPU There are many types and functions of Chipset Can't work well with CPU Collaboration , will seriously affect the overall performance of the computer or even can not work properly.

Chinese name: Mainboard chipset
Foreign name: Chipset

Nature: Core components
Meaning: The bridge between CPU and peripheral equipment

catalog

one classification
▪ Use classification
▪ Sort by number of chips
▪ Classified by the degree of integration
two Function

classification

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Chipset , is the so-called vlsi : The gate array control chip evolved. It can be classified according to the use, the number of chips and the degree of integration.

Use classification

Can be divided into The server / workstation ， Desktop 、 notebook Etc,

Sort by number of chips

It can be divided into single chip Chipset , standard south North Bridge Chipsets [in which the North Bridge chip plays a leading role, also known as the Host Bridge.] and multiple chips Chipset (Mainly used for high grade The server / workstation ），

Classified by the degree of integration

Integrated Chipset And non integrated chipsets, etc.

Function

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a main board Chipset It almost determines all the functions of the motherboard.

Beiqiao chip

Provide information on CPU type and Dominant frequency Support and system of Cache Support of, motherboard System bus frequency 、 memory management （ Memory type , capacity and performance) Graphics card slot Specification, ISA/PCI/AGP slot, ECC error correction and other support;

Nanqiao chip

I/O support, KBC (keyboard controller), RTC（ Real time clock Controller), USB（ universal serial bus ）, Ultra DMA/33 (66) EIDE data transmission mode and ACPI (Advanced Energy Management). And decisions Expansion slot Type and quantity of, and type and quantity of expansion interface (such as USB2.0/1.1, IEEE1394, serial port, parallel port, notebook VGA output interface);

Highly integrated chipset

Greatly improved System chip The reliability of can reduce the failure and production cost. For example, some are integrated into 3D accelerated display (integration Display chip ）, AC'97 audio decoding and other functions Chipset It's also decided computer system Display performance and audio playback performance.

Chipset identification

This is also very easy, with Intel 440BX chipset For example, its Beiqiao chip It is an Intel 82443BX chip, which is usually located on the motherboard near the CPU slot. Because the chip has a high heat output, a heat sink is installed on this chip. Nanqiao chip Near the ISA and PCI slots, the name of the chip is Intel 82371EB. other Chipset The arrangement positions of are basically the same.

requirement

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Desktop

Chipset It requires strong performance and good compatibility , interchangeability and scalability, which also requires the highest cost performance ratio, and the user's upgradeability within a certain period of time should be properly considered. The scalability is the highest among the three.

notebook

In the earliest notebook There is no separate notebook in the design Chipset , both adopt Desktop The same chipset, with the development of technology and the emergence of notebook dedicated CPU, has a matching notebook dedicated chipset. notebook Chipset It requires low energy consumption and good stability, but the comprehensive performance and scalability are the lowest among the three.

Server/Workstation

Chipset Its comprehensive performance and stability are the highest among the three. Some products even need to work at full load throughout the year Memory capacity The aspect is also the highest among the three, which can support memory capacity of up to ten or even dozens of GB, and its Data transmission speed And data security requirements are the highest, so its storage devices are also mostly used SCSI interface Instead of IDE interface, RAID mode is used to improve performance and ensure data security.

Production company

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Able to produce Chipset The manufacturer of Intel （ U.S.A ）AMD (USA), NVIDIA (USA), Server Works (USA), VIA（ China Taiwan ）, SiS (Taiwan), among which Intel 、 AMD Most common.

Desktop

Intel platform

Intel's own Chipset It has the largest market share and a complete product line, including high, medium and low-end products and integrated products. VIA, SiS and other companies can only occupy a relatively small market share together, and they are mainly in the low-end and integrated fields.

AMD Platform

AMD also has a large market share, NVIDIA, VIA and SiS have basically withdrawn from the main board Chipset Market.

notebook

Intel The platform has absolute advantages, so Intel's notebook Chipset It also occupies the largest market share, and other manufacturers can only play a supporting role and design products for AMD platform with small market share.

Server/Workstation

Intel The platform is an absolute advantage. Intel's own Server chipset The products occupy most of the middle and low-end markets, while Server Works has the largest market share in the middle and high-end fields, even the original Intel factory, due to its authorization from Intel Server motherboard There are also products using Server Works chipsets. In the field of server/workstation chipsets, Server Works chipsets mean high-performance products; Due to the small market share of AMD server/workstation platform, AMD's own chipset products are mainly used.

Recent developments

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Chipset In recent years, its technology has also advanced by leaps and bounds, from ISA, PCI to AGP, from ATA to SATA, and Ultra DMA technology, Dual channel memory technology , high speed Front end bus And so on. Every new technological progress brings about the improvement of computer performance. In 2004, Chipset technology Another major change, most notably PCI Express Bus technology , it will replace PCI and AGP, greatly improving the equipment bandwidth , thus bringing about a revolution in computer technology. on the other hand, Chipset technology It is also developing towards high integration. For example, AMD Athlon 64 CPU has been integrated internally Memory controller This greatly reduces the difficulty for chipset manufacturers to design products, and chipset products have integrated audio, network, SATA, RAID and other functions, greatly reducing user costs. For different Chipset There is also a gap in performance. In addition to the most general North South Bridge Outside the structure, Chipset Intel's 8xx series chipset is the representative of this kind of chipset. It directly connects some subsystems, such as IDE interface, sound effect, MODEM and USB, to the main chip, and can provide more than PCI bus Twice as wide bandwidth , reaching 266MB/s.

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