Intermediate is also called organic intermediate.Made from coal tar or petroleum productsdyestuff、pesticides, medicineresin、auxiliary、PlasticizerIntermediate products of, etc.It is also called dye intermediate because it was originally used to manufacture dyes.
Intermediate refers toPartially Prepared Products, is to produce certain productsIntermediate productFor example, to produce a product, it can be produced from an intermediate to save costs.
Initial referencecoal tarOr petroleum products as raw materials to synthesize spices, dyes, resins, drugs, plasticizersRubber acceleratorIntermediate products produced in the process of chemical products.Now it generally refers to various intermediate products obtained in the process of organic synthesis.[1]
Pharmaceutical supplies
Announce
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concept
The so-called pharmaceutical intermediates are actually some chemical raw materials or chemical products used in the pharmaceutical synthesis process.This chemical product can be produced in ordinary chemical plants without a drug production license. As long as it reaches some levels, it can be used for drug synthesis.[1]
effect
Pharmaceutical production requires a large number of special chemicals. Most of these chemicals were originally produced by the pharmaceutical industry itself. However, with the deepening of social division of labor and the progress of production technology, the pharmaceutical industry has transferred some pharmaceutical intermediates to chemical enterprises for production.Pharmaceutical IntermediatesFine chemical productsThe production of pharmaceutical intermediates has become a major industry in the international chemical industry.
In cell biology, intermediates are defined asEquatorial surfaceSurrounded by gradually disintegratingSpindleIn the middle and around the equator, the concentration of cytoplasm increases, filling the whole equatorial surface. This thickening area is called intermediate.[2]
After nearly 50 years of development, β - lactam antibiotics have formed a complete production system.Almost all β - lactam antibiotics (except those within the patent period) can be produced in China, and the cost is very low. Penicillin production ranks first in the world, and a large number of them are exported to the international market;CephalosporinsBasically self-sufficient, but also strive for some exports.
All the intermediates matching with β - lactam antibiotics can be produced in China. Except for the mother core 7-ACA and 7-ADCA of semi synthetic antibiotics that need to be imported, all the side chain intermediates can be produced and exported in large quantities.
Main supporting intermediates of β - lactam antibioticsPhenylacetic acidFor example, there are nearly 30 phenylacetic acid manufacturers in China, with a total annual production capacity of about 20000 tons.However, most enterprises are small in scale, with the largest annual output of 2000 tons, and most others produce hundreds of tons.In 2003, the total domestic demand for phenylacetic acid was about 14000 tons, and the consumption structure was: penicillin G accounted for 85%, other medicines accounted for 4%, spices accounted for 7%, and pesticides and other fields accounted for 4%.
With the development of domestic spice, medicine, pesticide and other industries, the demand for phenylacetic acid will further increase.It is predicted that by 2005, China's pharmaceutical industry will consumePhenylacetic acidAbout 14000 tons, 500 tons will be consumed by pesticide industry, and 2000 tons will be consumed by spice industry.In addition to the consumption in other fields, the total domestic demand for phenylacetic acid is expected to reach 18000 tons in 2005.[1]
2) Gap
China has become the world's largest producer of antipyretic and analgesic drugs,aspirin、ParacetamolThe output of Annaijin and other varieties exceeded 10000 tons,Phenacetin、Aminopyrine、AntipyrineThe output of such varieties exceeds 1000 tons.At present, the output of antipyretics and analgesics in China is growing very fast, and it is expected that it will increase by about 8% in the future.The production of intermediates for antipyretic and analgesic drugs is large, and there are many manufacturers.With the increase of antipyretic and analgesic drugs, the mesosomes have also obtained considerable development.
In 2003, the domestic consumption of paracetamol increased rapidly, and the export also showed a rapid growth momentum. The export volume was 28163 tons, and the year-on-year growth rate of the annual export volume was about twice.In the first half of 2004, although its export growth slowed down, it still increased. From January to May 2004, the export volume of paracetamol was 12501 tons, slightly higher than the same period in 2003.Para aminophenol is an important intermediate for the synthesis of paracetamol, which is growing rapidly.The annual output of paracetamol in China is about 32000 tons. It is estimated that by 2005, the domestic output of paracetamol will reach more than 50000 tons. The pharmaceutical industry will consume 45000 tons of paracetamol. In addition to the application in other fields, the total demand for paracetamol in 2005 will be about 50000 tons. The market gap is large, and the development and utilization prospects are broadPhenylacetic acidDemand continues to grow.[1]
QuinolonesIt is generally obtained by synthesizing fluoroquinoline compounds from fluorobenzene rings and condensing them with piperazine (or methyl piperazine).Due to the rich reserves of fluorite, China is one of the countries with the largest production of fluorinated drugs and intermediates in the world, and more than 80% of fluorinated intermediates are supplied for export.On the whole, fluorobenzene intermediates developed earlier in China, and the production capacity was generally surplus;TrifluorotolueneClass intermediates developed late and rapidly;For heterocyclesAromatic compoundEspecially for fluoropyridine, only a few research units and manufacturers in China have the synthesis technology of fluoropyridine intermediates. Therefore, fluoropyridine intermediates will become one of the main research directions of domestic fluoropyridine intermediates in the next few years.[1]
Antifungal agent, which can prevent clothes from mildewing and rotting.Its main raw material is an intermediate——O-chlorobenzoic acid。O-chlorobenzoic acid is an important intermediate in the pesticide, pharmaceutical and dye industries with a wide range of uses, mainly used in pesticidesSynthetic insecticide(Surea No. 1) and mildew inhibitor, mainly used for synthesis in medicineAntipsychoticsPerphenazine, adrenomimetic drugs Zenglubenxin and Chuantong, antifungal drugs clotrimazole, chlorpromazine, ketamine and diclofenac are standard reagents for alkalimetry and iodometry, and are used as preservatives for adhesives and paints.In addition, it also plays an important role in dyes. We can't do without taking photos every day. Everyone has his own photo. The body of the photo is film, and the body of the film can be made from o-chlorobenzoic acid.In chemistry, isomers often have similar chemical properties, soP-chlorobenzoic acidIt also has the same function as o-chlorobenzoic acid, and is also an intermediate of pesticides and medical dyes.Because with them, life has more colorful beauty, and memory that can last forever.It has promoted the progress of life and improved the quality of life.[2]
Bisphenol
In contemporary life, mobile phones, televisions, refrigerators, and cars have all become an important part of our lives. These products have brought many conveniences and highlights to our lives.With mobile phones, you can chat and talk with friends and relatives in other places through a thin screen.With TV, you can watch customs and beautiful scenery all over the world, learn and play.The use of refrigerators extends the freshness of food, while the use of cars makes our walking faster and more comfortable.An important part of these products isBisphenol。Bisphenol is an important organic intermediate, which can be used asRubber antioxidantAnd plastic antioxidant, can also be used for colorlessVulcanized rubberProducts, food packaging rubber products andMedical latexProducts.The tires on our vehicles, plastic bags for shopping, table tennis rackets for entertainment, rubber seals for food packaging, and medical gloves in hospitals can all be made from bisphenol.In terms of synthetic polymers, because of their excellent heat resistance, they can be used as polyester, polyurethanepolycarbonate, polysulfone, epoxy resin, etcengineering plasticAnd composite materials.In automobiles, engineering plastics are mainly used as bumpers, fuel tanks, instrument panels, body panels, doors, lamp shades, fuel pipes, radiators and engine related parts;In machinery, engineering plastics can be used for mechanical parts such as bearings, gears, screw nuts, seals, and mechanical structural parts such as shells, cover plates, hand wheels, handles, fasteners, and pipe joints;In electronic appliances, engineering plastics can be used for covering wires and cablesPrinted circuit board, insulating film and other insulating materials and structural parts of electrical equipment;In household appliances, engineering plastics can be used in refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, television sets, electric fans, vacuum cleaners, electric irons, microwave ovens, rice cookers, radios, integrated audio equipment and lighting appliances;In chemical industry, engineering plastics can be used in chemical equipment such as heat exchangers and chemical equipment linings, and in chemical pipelines such as pipes and pipe fittings, valves and pumps.In addition, its high-purity products are mainly used for synthesisLiquid crystal polymer。Mainly used for making mobile phones, televisions and other electronic productsLCD。[2]
