The Chinese Academy of Sciences (English name:natural scienceThe highest academic institution and science and technologyconsultationInstitute, Natural Science and High Technology Comprehensive Research and Development Center.[102]
The Chinese Academy of Sciences has put forward the idea of building a national innovation system, which has been implemented successivelyKnowledge Innovation Project、“Innovation 2020”The "First Action" Plan and the Outline of Comprehensively Deepening Reform put forward strategic research reports such as "Meeting the Knowledge Economy Era, Building a National Innovation System", "Innovation Promoting Development, Science and Technology Leading the Future", "Innovation 2050: Science and Technology and China's Future", and "New Trends of Science and Technology Development and Strategic Choices Towards 2020".
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in November 2021, the whole academy has 11 branches and more than 100Scientific research institutes3 universities（University of Chinese Academy of Sciences、University of Science and Technology of China, co built with ShanghaiShanghai University of Science and Technology）, more than 130 national key laboratories and engineering centers, 68 national field observation and research stations, 20 national science and technology resource sharing service platforms, undertaking the construction and operation of more than 30 major national science and technology infrastructure, with more than 69000 formal staff and more than 79000 graduate students in school;A complete system of natural science disciplines has been established, and the overall level of physics, chemistry, material science, mathematics, environment and ecology, earth science and other disciplines has entered the world's advanced ranks, and some fields also have a good trend of entering the world's first array.It has become an irreplaceable national strategic scientific and technological force in solving major issues related to the overall situation and long-term development of the country.A group of scientists have played a key and backbone role in major national scientific and technological tasks, and are active in the international scientific and technological frontier as representatives of China's scientific and technological community.[1]In September 2019, with the approval of the CPC Central Committee, the fourth round of inspection of the 19th CPC Central Committee will carry out regular inspections of the CPC organization of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.[2]
In September 1949,Qian SanqiangHe worked with Ding Zan to draft the "Draft for the Establishment of the People's Academy of Sciences" to determine the basic framework of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
On September 27, 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established asGovernment Affairs CouncilIt has subordinate units that exercise the administrative functions of the government in managing the national scientific research cause.
On November 1, 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to work in Beijing, and November 1 was designated as the founding date of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
On November 5, 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences acceptedNational Peiping Research InstituteThe head office and its six affiliated studies of atomism, physics, chemistry, botany, zoology and history, as well as the former Beijing Office of the Institute of History and Language of the Central Academy of Sciences for the collation of books and historical materials.[3]
On November 23, 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences moved to No. 9, Wangfu Street, Beijing;On June 23, 1950, the Chinese Academy of Sciences moved to the original site of Jingsheng Biological Survey Institute, No. 3 Wenjin Street, Beijing;In 1966, the CAS moved to the western suburbs of BeijingFriendship HotelBeiguan;In July 1970, the Chinese Academy of Sciences moved to the former site of the National Science and Technology Commission at No. 52 Sanlihe Road, Beijing.
On December 16, 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences acceptedJingsheng Biological Investigation InstituteAnd set up the sorting committee of Jingsheng Biological Investigation Institute.
In March 1950, the East China Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established in Shanghai with the approval of the Government Affairs Council;In February 1955, it was renamed as Shanghai Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;In November 1958, the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was officially established.
Received by the Chinese Academy of Sciences on March 21, 1950Academia SinicastayShanghaiThe four research institutes of chemistry, plant, animal and engineering, the preparatory offices of two research institutes of medicine and pharmacy, and the crystallography research room of the two research institutes of physiology and medicine and the physics research institute of Beiping Research Institute in Shanghai were received.
Group photo of the Preparatory Meeting for the National Conference of Natural Science Workers
On April 6, 1950, the Office of the Central Academy of Sciences, five research institutes of society, physics, meteorology, astronomy and geology, and the Chinese Institute of Geography were received at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.So far, CAS has accepted the former research institutes directly under the Central Research Institute and the Northern Research Institute.
In May 1950, the first 15 research institutions and 3 preparatory offices for research institutions were established.Received by Chinese Academy of SciencesNorth China UniversityHistory Research Office of Research Department.
In November 1950, the Institute of Geology and the Institute of Paleontology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were accepted by the Steering Committee of the Chinese Geological Work Plan;In January 1955, the Chinese Academy of Sciences recalled the two institutes.
From September 1950 to February 1951, the Chinese Academy of Sciences successively accepted the Yunnan Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, the Yunnan Workstation of the Institute of Botany, Lushan Forest Botanical Garden, the Northwest Botanical Survey of China, and the Kuomintang governmentAcademia Historica、China Institute of Oceanography。Jointly received with the Meteorological Bureau of the Central Military CommissionXujiahui ObservatorySheshan Observatory.
In 1950, the research institutions were reorganized. The original research institutions were merged and reorganized into 17 research institutes, platforms, museums, one committee, and three preparatory offices for research institutes.
In 1950, the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to unify and revise natural science terms;On November 15, 1955, the Working Committee for the Unification of Academic Terms was under the leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In June 1951, the Chinese Academy of Sciences andministry of educationThe joint release of the Measures for Recruiting Research Interns and Postgraduates in the Summer of 1951 marked the beginning of postgraduate training in New China.[4]
On August 28, 1952, the Northeast Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (now Shenyang Branch and Changchun Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) was established.[5]
In March 1954, the central government established a national science and technology system centered on the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
On November 10, 1954,the state councilThe Notice on the Establishment and Adjustment of Central and Local State Administrative Organs and Related Matters was issued, announcing that the Chinese Academy of Sciences is no longer a part of the State Council, but its work is still under the guidance of the State Council.
On May 12, 1955, the Graduate Admission Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.
In August 1955,Zhou EnlaiThe Interim Regulations of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on Postgraduates was issued.
On September 26, 1955, the Academic Committee of the Institute of Petroleum Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, and the research institutes under the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to establish their own academic committees.[6]
Historical changes of the department
March into science
On January 1, 1956, the department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was restructured: (1) the original "academic administration of the General Office" was merged with the original secretariat into an academic secretariat, and the original General Office was revoked.(2) Establishment of the Authority.(3) Establish a liaison office.(4) Establish the Scientific Cadre Training Department.(5) The former Personnel Bureau was renamed the Cadre Bureau.(6) The original Bureau of Compilation and Translation was abolished and part of its work was incorporated into the Science Press.(7) Establish a comprehensive investigation committee.(8) The names and responsibilities of the original four departments remain unchanged.
In July 1956, the Preparatory Committee of three research institutes, including the Institute of Computing Technology, was established, and the Semiconductor Physics Research Group was established.
Zhou Enlai called on the CPPCC to "march towards science"
On January 1, 1957, the organs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were adjusted: (1) The academic secretariat was abolished.(2) The General Office and Planning Bureau were restored, and the Propaganda Bureau and Equipment Bureau were established.(3) The Cadre Training Department was changed into the Cadre Training Bureau.
In 1957, the Party Leadership Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences established the "Philosophy and Social Sciences Part Party Leadership Group".
In July 1958, the Nuclear Science Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.
On September 20, 1958University of Science and Technology of ChinaFounded in Beijing, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has implemented the school running policy of "running a school by the whole academy and combining all departments" to the University of Science and Technology of China.[9]
On September 13, 1958, the Party Leadership Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences established the New Technology Office of the Party Leadership Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In December 1958, Guangzhou Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established (in 1961, Guangzhou Branch merged with Wuhan Branch to establish the Central South Branch; in 1969, the Central South Branch was withdrawn; in May 1978, the Guangzhou Branch was restored).[98]
In January 1960, the Chinese Academy of Sciences approved the construction of four factories equipped with full sets of equipment.
On July 2, 1960, the New Technology Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.
Gansu University of Science and Technology, founded by Lanzhou Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, officially opened in September 1960, and merged intoLanzhou University。[10]
From June 1961 to the end of 1962, large-scale streamlining was carried out, all provincial branches and a large number of research institutes except Xinjiang Branch were abolished, and five regional branches and North China offices were established.
In July 1961“Article 14 of Science”After being approved by the central government, it is officially issued and implemented as a central document.
In September 1964, the Chinese Academy of Sciences piloted the "Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" in Zhongguancun, Beijing;After the start of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966, the Graduate School was suspended.
On October 16, 1964, the first one developed by China itselfAtomic bombThe explosion was successful, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has done a lot of critical work for it.
In December 1964,Zhao JiuzhangLetterZhou Enlai。Soon, the research and development of artificial satellites began again.
In September 1965, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry andPeking UniversityIn cooperation with the Department of Chemistry, it is the first time in the world to synthesizeBovine insulin crystal。
Cultural Revolution
The scene of the joint power seizing conference of revolutionary rebels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
In June 1967, China successfully exploded the firstHydrogen bombThe Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant contributions to this.
On November 28, 1967, the Seismological Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.
From 1968 to 1972, a large number of CAS affiliated institutions were assigned to the national defense department, or decentralized to local governments, or revoked.
In April 1970, the first one in China, mainly developed by the Chinese Academy of SciencesArtificial earth satelliteSuccessfully launched.
On July 1, 1970, the National Science and Technology Commission merged with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to establish a new Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Hu Yaobang Rectification Academy of Sciences
In 1973, the science and technology group of the Science and Education Group of the State Council was merged into the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
On June 20, 1975, the Chinese Academy of Sciences transferred six of the thirty scientific research institutions handed over to the national defense department in 1968 back from the national defense department.
July November 1975,Hu YaobangSo as to rectify the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In August 1977, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Education receivedDeng XiaopingEntrust to hold a symposium on science and education work.
Since September 18, 1977, the Chinese Academy of Sciences no longer assumes the functions of the former National Science and Technology Commission.
In March 1978,National Science ConferenceIn Beijing, the Chinese Academy of Sciences undertook a lot of preparations for the conference.
On March 1, 1978, the first graduate school in New China was established with the approval of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council——Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of ChinaEstablished in Beijing;In May 1982, the Party Leadership Group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences approved the use of the names of both the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Graduate School of the University of Science and Technology of China (Beijing);In December 2000, it was officially renamed asGraduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences；It was renamed University of Chinese Academy of Sciences on June 27, 2012.[11]
In January 1979, the Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences resumed its activities.In October of the next year, 283 school members were added.
Reform exploration
The fourth meeting of the school committee
On March 6, 1981, the central government for the first time clarified the policy of running CAS.
On May 11-20, 1981, the fourth general meeting of school members was held and electedLu JiaxiPresident.
In March 1982, the National Science Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.
In January 1984, the Central Committee announced that the Chinese Academy of Sciences would implement the president responsibility system.The Chinese Academy of Sciences tried out the postdoctoral system.On August 8, we will establish an open day system for the Institute, which will be open once a year around the anniversary of the founding of the Institute (November 1) for about three days each time.
On April 1, 1985, the director responsibility system was fully implemented.
On July 1, 1985, the Chinese Academy of Sciences took the lead in establishingOpen laboratory2 research institutes and 17 laboratories were opened in the first batch.[14]
On March 3, 1986,Wang DahengFour other members of the academic department proposed "suggestions on tracking and studying foreign strategic high-tech".The "863 Program" was launched.
863 proponents Wang Ganchang, Wang Daheng, Yang Jiachi, Chen Fangyun
In February 1987,Zhou GuangzhaoThe president proposed a new policy for running the institute, and then proposed to implement "one institute and two operating mechanisms".
In 1991, the Chinese Academy of Sciences elected 210 additional members of the academic department, and established a standardized system of election.
On August 30, 1995, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement with the Shanghai Municipal People's Government.Before and after this year, CAS also signed scientific and technological cooperation agreements with Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Zhejiang Province and Yunnan Province.[15-16]
In June 1996, the National Gene Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully constructed a high-resolution physical map of the rice genome for the first time in the world.In August, a new nuclide americium-235 was synthesized and identified for the first time in the world by the Institute of Modern Physics and the Institute of High Energy.[17]
On February 4, 1998,Jiang ZeminThe General Secretary gave instructions to support the Chinese Academy of Sciences to pilot the national innovation system first.On July 9,Knowledge Innovation ProjectOfficially launched.
In 1999, the China High Speed Internet Demonstration Project (CNCnet) backbone network was launched in conjunction with relevant departments.
In 1999, CAS signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Gansu Province.[19]
In 2001, since 1992, 35 units including the Space Science and Application Research Center have participated in the research of the application system of the Shenzhou spacecraft.
Innovation 2020 - Emancipating the Mind and Deepening Reform Seminar
In January 2002,Lu YongxiangThe president proposed the policy of running the institute in the new period.
On March 12, 2004, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement with Heilongjiang Province.[20]
On April 14, 2004, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement with Yunnan Province.[21]
On March 1, 2005, the Beijing Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established.[22]
On July 6, 2005, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tianjin signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement.[23]
On March 16, 2007, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a scientific and technological cooperation agreement with Xinjiang.[24]
In July 2000, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a long-term cooperation agreement with Shanxi Province.[25]
On September 26, 2008, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Shanghai Municipal People's Government signed the Agreement on Further Deepening Cooperation between the Academy and the City, and the Shanghai Pudong Science Park of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was unveiled at the same time.[26]
On January 21, 2009, the intellectual property network of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was completed and opened.[27]
On January 22, 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with Guangdong Province.[28]
On March 3, 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with Qingdao.[29]
On March 6, 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the People's Government of Shandong Province signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement in Beijing.[30]
The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shenzhen Municipal People's Government signed a memorandum of cooperation in running schools in Shenzhen
On March 10, 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Gansu Province signed the Comprehensive Strategic Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement in Beijing.[31]
On March 13, 2009, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed the Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement and the Comprehensive Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement between the Academy and the City with the Tibet Autonomous Region and Zhejiang Province in Beijing.[32]
On June 10, 2009, the series of research reports Innovation 2050: Science and Technology and China's Future were released.
On March 12, 2010, CAS signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with Guizhou Province.[33]
On March 31, 2010, the State Council decided that the Chinese Academy of Sciences would implement "Innovation 2020", and then Innovation 2020 was launched.
In March 2011,Bai ChunliThe president proposed the development strategy of "democratically running the institute, opening up the institute and strengthening the institute with talents".
On March 10, 2011, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement with Liaoning Province.[34]
On October 31, 2011, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive strategic science and technology cooperation agreement with Hebei Province.[35]
In March 2012, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed the Agreement between the People's Government of Jiangxi Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences on Jointly Building the Jiangxi Academy of Sciences and the Agreement on Jointly Supporting the Development of the Gansu Academy of Sciences with Jiangxi Province and Gansu Province respectively in Beijing.[36-37]
On November 25, 2012, CAS and the People's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region signed an agreement on scientific and technological cooperation and an agreement on joint support for the construction and development of Guangxi Academy of Sciences.[38]
On January 28, 2013, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement.[39]
On July 17, 2013,Xi JinpingThe General Secretary inspected the Chinese Academy of Sciences and proposed "four initiatives".[6]
On September 30, 2013, the Shanghai University of Science and Technology jointly established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Municipality was officially established.[40]
On July 28, 2015, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive deepening cooperation agreement with Shanghai.[41]
On August 16, 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the People's Government of Henan Province signed a scientific and technological cooperation agreement in Beijing.[42]
On September 21, 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed the fourth round of comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement with Sichuan Province.[43]
On December 8, 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the People's Government of Guangdong Province signed the "13th Five Year Plan" comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement.[45]
In January 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with the People's Government of Jiangxi Province.[46]
On November 10, 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences andState Oceanic AdministrationSign the strategic cooperation framework agreement.[47]
On November 22, 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a cooperation agreement on scientific and technological innovation with Jilin Province.[48]
On December 3, 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a cooperation agreement with Shenzhen to jointly build Shenzhen International Science and Technology Industry Innovation Center.[49]
On December 20, 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian Provincial Government and Fuzhou Municipal Government signed a joint construction agreement in FuzhouFujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciencesagreement.[50]
On February 6, 2018, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed an agreement with Shaanxi Province to jointly build Xi'an Science Park.[51]
On March 22, 2018, the Chinese Academy of Sciences andMilitary Academy of SciencesSign the strategic cooperation framework agreement.[52]
The Chinese Academy of Sciences signed an agreement with the Shenzhen Municipal People on cooperation in running schools
On April 4, 2018, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chongqing Municipal People's Government signed a strategic cooperation agreement on jointly building a new type of science, education, production, integration and development consortium in Chongqing, and the two sides worked together to buildChongqing University of Chinese Academy of Sciences。[53]
On November 8, 2018, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Hong Kong SAR Government signed the Memorandum on the Establishment of CAS Affiliated Organizations in Hong Kong, promoting the research and development work of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hong Kong.[55]
On November 18, 2018, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Guangdong Province signed a cooperation agreement to jointly promote the construction of the International Science and Technology Innovation Center in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area.[57]
On November 21, 2018, CAS signed a comprehensive scientific and technological cooperation agreement and a strategic cooperation agreement with Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and China Railway Corporation respectively.[58-59]
On January 31, 2019, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with China Nuclear Industry Group Co., Ltd.[60]
On May 6, 2019, the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed the Cooperation Agreement between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Guangzhou City on the Joint Construction of Nansha Science City and the Cooperation Agreement between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Guangzhou City on the Joint Construction of the Pearl Science Park of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and announced 15 construction projects to be settled in the Pearl Science Park, including Guangzhou College of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (UST).[97-98]
On May 13, 2020, as the first group of initiators, the "Digital Transformation Partnership Action" initiative was launched with the National Development and Reform Commission, etc.[61]
On September 24, 2020, the Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was officially inaugurated.[62]
On October 10, 2020, the unveiling ceremony of Ganjiang Innovation Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was held in Ganzhou City.[63]
On November 12, 2021, Intel and the Institute of Computing of the Chinese Academy of Sciences formed a strategic partnership, and the two sides will jointly establish China's first oneAPI Center of Excellence.[95]
On June 6, 2022, the State Council agreed to set up the South China National Botanical Garden in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences participated in the construction as a cooperative unit.[99]
On July 11, 2023, the General Office of the Chinese Academy of Sciences issued the Notice on the Abbreviation of the Chinese Academy of SciencesThe book company has revised the abbreviation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is called the Chinese Academy of Sciences after revision.According to the requirements of the notice, the full name and short name of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are both "Chinese Academy of Sciences".[103]
On the morning of January 25, 2024, the Hangzhou Institute of Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, jointly established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhejiang Province, held an unveiling event in Hangzhou.[108]
On July 26, 2024, Ruoergai Wetland Ecological Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in Hongyuan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, was put into full use.[114]
Organizational system
Announce
edit
Institutional overview
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in November 2021, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has 13 institutions, 11 branches, 115 research units, 7 schools and public support units, 4 other units, 12 co construction units, 32 wholly-owned and holding enterprises directly invested by the Academy, 34 four types of institutions, 113 unincorporated units and 6 related organizations.
Agricultural Technology Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences[64]
Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (preparatory)
Shanghai Institute of Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Academician
Overview of the department
Department Organization
The Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, established in 1955, is the country's highest advisory body in science and technology.Be responsible for providing advice on national science and technology development plans, plans and major science and technology decisions, putting forward research reports on major science and technology issues in national economic construction and social development, making suggestions on discipline development strategies and medium - and long-term goals, and evaluating and guiding academic issues in important research fields and research institutions.
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are selected from the best scientists in the country, and they are re elected every two years.The conference of all academicians is the highest organizational form of the academic department. The presidium of the academic department is a permanent leading body when the conference is not in session. The president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences acts as the executive chairman of the presidium of the academic department.There are six departments, namely, the Department of Mathematics and Physics, the Department of Chemistry, the Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, the Department of Geography, the Department of Information Technology Science and the Department of Technical Science.
At the initial stage of the establishment of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the members of the Ministry of Science and Technology were organized to participate in the formulation of the Long term Plan for Science and Technology Development 1956-1967, which became the first milestone in the history of science and technology development in New China.In 1986, 89 members of the academic department proposed to implement the National Natural Science Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, on which basis the National Natural Science Foundation Committee was established, laying the foundation for the development of basic research in China.In March of the same year, Wang DahengWang Ganchang、Chen Fangyun、Yang JiachiFour members of the academic department submitted a letter to the CPC Central Committee proposing to strengthen the research and development of China's high-tech, forming the national "863" plan, which played an important role in promoting China's high-tech development.In 1993Wang Daheng、Shi Changxu、Zhang Guangdou、Zhang Wei、Luo Peilin、Hou XianglinAt the initiative of the members of the academic departmentChinese Academy of EngineeringAnd promoted the development of China's engineering science and technology.In October 1993, with the approval of the State Council, members of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were renamed as academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.[65]
Academician data overview
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in August 2022, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has 849 academicians, including 156 in the Department of Mathematics and Physics, 136 in the Department of Chemistry, 154 in the Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, 140 in the Department of Geology, 106 in the Department of Information Technology Science, and 157 in the Department of Technology Science;In addition, CAS has 129 foreign academicians.[66][90]
As of May 2020, the working places of academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are distributed in 27 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, including 418 in Beijing, 103 in Shanghai, 47 in Jiangsu, 25 in Hubei, 23 in Shaanxi, 22 in Guangdong, 21 in Anhui, 20 in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 19 in Liaoning and 18 in Zhejiang;There are 716 academicians in the above 10 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, accounting for 87% of all academicians;The gender ratio of academicians is 94% male and 6% female;The average age of academicians is 73 years old.[66][91]
On November 18, 2021, there will be 65 additional academicians elected by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021.[94]
On November 22, 2023, 59 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were elected in 2023.[107]
remarks:See the reference for the list of academicians[66][92-93]
Academician Conference
As of November 2017, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the highest organizational form of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Since the establishment of the Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955 and the first meeting of the members of the Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences has organized the second to sixth meeting of the members of the Department of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1957, 1960, 1981, 1984 and 1992.In 1993, the State Council decided to change the name of the member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 1994, the Seventh Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was held. Since then, the Academician Conference has formed a system of holding it every two years and every two years on the Gregorian calendar. It has been held 18 times.[67]
Co election of academicians
According to the Articles of Association of Academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, researchers, professors or scholars and experts with equivalent professional titles who have made systematic and creative achievements and significant contributions in the field of science and technology, love the motherland, have a decent style of study, and have Chinese nationality can be recommended and elected as academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
When the department was established in 1955, 172 members were elected, 18 members were added in 1957, and 283 and 210 members were elected respectively in 1980 and 1991.In April 1992, the Sixth Conference of Academic Commissioners formulated and passed the Constitution of Academic Commissioners of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (for trial implementation), which was issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences with the consent of the State Council, clarifying the standards and election procedures for academic commissioners and foreign academic commissioners, and the election of academicians stepped into a standardized track.
The co election of academicians and the election of foreign academicians shall be held every two years.By the end of December 2019, a total of 1431 scholars and experts from all departments and regions in China (including Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) had been elected as members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Since the election of foreign academicians began in 1994, 136 foreign academicians have been elected[68]。
the team of science and technology
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has more than 300 chief scientists of the "973" Program, more than 1000 winners of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, more than 140 NSFC innovation groups, and more than 900 people holding important positions in important international scientific and technological organizations and academic journals.[69]
In February 2017, two foreign academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yang Zhenning and Yao Qizhi, who had given up their foreign nationality to become Chinese citizens, were officially transferred to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.[70]
international exchange
36 international organizations joined by CAS (shown on the official website of CAS in January 2016)
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, there are 13 major science and technology infrastructure operating facilities of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 under construction and 1 to be built.According to the main purposes, facilities can be divided into three categories: the first category is special research facilities (8) used in frontier fields of science and technology or frontier research directions;The second category is large-scale public experimental facilities (5) that provide support for scientific research in multidisciplinary fields;The third category is public science and technology facilities for public scientific research (7).[72]
Operating facilities:Beijing Electron Positron Collider, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Research Facility, Guo Shoujing Telescope (LAMOST), Hefei Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Superconducting Tokamak Nuclear Fusion Experimental Facility HT-7, EASTRemote Sensing Aircraft, China Remote Sensing Satellite Earth Station, Long and Short Wave Time Service System, Shenguang High Power Laser Experimental Device, Southwest China Wildlife Germplasm Resources Bank, Shanghai Light Source, "Experiment 1" Scientific Expedition Ship, Eastern Hemisphere Space Environment Ground Integrated Monitoring Meridian Chain (Meridian Project)[72]
Construction in progress:500m aperture spherical radio telescope, steady state strong magnetic field experimental device (partial operation), national land observation satellite data receiving station network, marine science comprehensive survey ship, Wuhan Zhengdian Laboratory, aviation remote sensing system, national protein science research (Shanghai) facility, spallation neutron source, EAST auxiliary heating system[72]
Construction facilities:Soft X-ray free electron laser test device[72]
Laboratory&Engineering Research Center
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, there are 5 national laboratories, 84 national key laboratories and 211 key laboratories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.As of June 2015, CAS has 10 national engineering laboratories, 11 national engineering research centers, and 20 national engineering technology research centers.
National Laboratory:Shenyang National Laboratory of Materials Science (Joint), Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics (Preparatory), Hefei National Laboratory of Microscale Material Science (Preparatory), Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science (Preparatory), Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology (Preparatory)[73]
State Key Laboratory:
State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering
State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Management for Complex Systems
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Insect and Rat Pest Integrated Management
State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics
State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Pre development
State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Application
State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources and Utilization
State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Detection and Nuclear Electronics
State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics
State Key Laboratory of Biological Organic Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Sustainable Utilization of Plant Resources in Western China
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology
State Key Laboratory of Mycology
State Key Laboratory of Carbonyl Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics
State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience
State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Virology
State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change
State Key Laboratory of Metal Organic Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology
State Key Laboratory of Spectrum and Atomic and Molecular Physics
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics
State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science
State Key Laboratory of Sound Field and Sound Information
Joint State Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology
State Key Laboratory of Modern Paleontology and Stratigraphy
State Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Superlattices
State Key Laboratory of Information Security
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Agricultural Sustainable Development
State Key Laboratory of Intense Field Laser Physics
State Key Laboratory of Robotics
State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science
State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing
State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics
State Key Laboratory of Optical Technology for Micromachining
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology
State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System
State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Technology
State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics
State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering
State Key Laboratory of Computer Science
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology
State Key Laboratory of Deposit Geochemistry
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Ultrastructure
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution
State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials
State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
State Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Geohydrodynamics Numerical Simulation
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environment
State Key Laboratory of Lakes and Environment
State Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering
State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control
State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry
State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateau
State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Geodynamics
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology
Key Laboratory of Space Weather[73]
National Engineering Laboratory:National Engineering Laboratory of Methanol to Olefins, National Engineering Laboratory of Standardization Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Industrial Enzymes, National Engineering Laboratory of Indirect Coal Liquefaction, National Engineering Laboratory of Hydrometallurgical Clean Production Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Remote Sensing Satellite Applications, National Engineering Laboratory of Information Content Security Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Technology EquipmentNational Engineering Laboratory of Carbon Fiber Preparation Technology and National Engineering Laboratory of Soil Nutrient Management[74]
National Engineering Research Center:National Engineering Research Center for Robotics, National Engineering Research Center for High end Numerical Control, National Engineering Research Center for Fine Petrochemical Intermediates, National Engineering Research Center for Membrane Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Engineering Plastics, National Engineering Research Center for Basic Software, National Engineering Research Center for Information Security Common Technologies, National Engineering Research Center for OptoelectronicsNational Engineering Research Center for High Performance Homogeneous Alloys, National Engineering Research Center for Chiral Drugs, National Engineering Research Center for Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Source Technology[74]
National Engineering Technology Research Center:National Network New Media Engineering Technology Research Center, National Biochemical Engineering Technology Research Center, National Remote Sensing Application Engineering Technology Research Center, National Parallel Computer Engineering Technology Research Center, National High Performance Computer Engineering Technology Research Center, National ASIC Design Engineering Technology Research Center, China Geotechnical Engineering Research CenterNational Engineering Technology Research Center for Satellite Positioning System, National Engineering Technology Research Center for Freshwater Fisheries, National Engineering Technology Research Center for Metal Corrosion Control, National Engineering Technology Research Center for Vacuum Instruments, National Catalytic Engineering Technology Research Center, National Engineering Technology Research Center for Grating Manufacturing and Application, National Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation Engineering TechnologyNational Natural Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, National Optoelectronic Crystal Materials Engineering Research Center, National Environmental Optical Monitoring Instrument Center, National Desert Oasis Ecological Construction Engineering Technology Research Center, National Semiconductor Pump Laser Engineering Technology Research Center, National Marine Corrosion Protection Engineering Technology Research Center[74]
Field station network
Headquarters of Chinese Academy of Sciences
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has 10 Chinese ecosystem research networks, 10 special environment and disaster monitoring networks of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 8 regional atmospheric background observation networks, 7 solar terrestrial space environment observation station chains, and 4 offshore ocean observation and research networks of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
China Ecosystem Research Network:FACE Research Base, CERN Biological Sub center, CERN Water Sub center, CERN Soil Sub center, CERN Atmospheric Sub center, CERN Water Sub center, CERN Comprehensive Center, Beijing Urban Ecological Station, Shennongjia Station, Aksu Station[75]
Special Environment and Disaster Monitoring Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences:Tazhong Station, Everest Station, Namco Station, Southeast Tibet Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experimental Station, Beijing Remote Sensing Experimental Field, Dongchuan Debris Flow Observation and Research Station, Pingliang Lightning and Hailstorm Experimental Station, Golmud Tibetan Plateau Comprehensive Station, Tianshan Glacier and Observation Experimental Station[75]
Solar Earth Space Environment Observatory Chain:Xianghe Comprehensive Observation Station, Wuhan Ionospheric Observation Station, Sanya Geomagnetic Station, Mohe Geomagnetic Station, Geomagnetic Station Chain Network Data Center, Yangba Well Station, Experimental Station of Dynamic Geodesy Center[75]
Offshore Ocean Observation and Research Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences:Nansha Station, Xisha Station, Donghai Station, Huanghai Station[75]
Scientific research achievements
Pioneering scientific and technological achievements
——From "two bombs and one satellite" to manned spaceflight and lunar exploration projects and the resolution of key core scientific and technological issues of manned deep submergence, it has made significant contributions to national security and strategic scientific and technological tasks.
——From the successful development of the first computer, Dawning Supercomputer, Godson series universal chips, to the single precision trillion supercomputing system, it has played a backbone role in China's independent innovation of computer technology.
——From sending the first email in China to establishing the China Internet Information Center, China Netcom and Wireless Sensor Pilot Network, he has become a pioneer in network technology and network industry.
——From new production technology of cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber industry to coal to ethylene glycol technology, methanol to olefin technology, coal to oil technology and industrial application, it has constantly opened up new directions and growth points of China's chemical industry.
——From the theory of continental oil generation to the exploration of marine oil generation, it provides scientific theoretical support for China to remove the cap of poor oil and develop oil and gas fields on a large scale.
——From the self-developed chloramphenicol and penicillin, to the original artemisinin synthesis, salvia miltiorrhiza polyphenolate, and antofloxacin hydrochloride, it has taken the lead in China's independent drug innovation.
——From the creation of China's marine breeding industry, to the transformation of medium and low yield fields in the Huang Huai Hai River, to biological breeding, it has led the development of China's high-tech agriculture.
——From the first time to complete the artificial synthesis of bovine insulin in the world, to the first demonstration of induced pluripotent stem cells and human gene sequencing, important original achievements have been made in the field of life science.
——From the creation of mathematical mechanized proof and finite element method, to the research of multivariate complex variable function theory, symplectic geometry and Goldbach conjecture, we have reached the peak of world mathematics and established the position of national science center for mathematical research.
——From Beijing Electron Positron Collider to Shanghai Light Source, a number of large scientific devices have been built, creating an important platform for multidisciplinary innovation.
——New breakthroughs have been made in the field of physics from the innovation of iron based superconducting records to the research of neutrino oscillation mode, quantum communication and quantum anomalous Hall effect.[69]
Major scientific and technological tasks
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has 10 A-type leading science and technology projects, 11 B-type leading science and technology projects, and 14 national major science and technology projects.
Class A leading science and technology projects:Research on stem cells and regenerative medicine, future advanced nuclear fission energy, space science, carbon budget certification and related issues in response to climate change, new generation information technology research oriented to China, clean and efficient cascade utilization of low-grade coal, molecular module design and breeding innovation system, revolutionary nanotechnology focus, Jiangmen neutrino experimentMaterial and energy exchange in the tropical western Pacific ocean system and its impact[76]
Class B leading science and technology projects:Coherent control of quantum systems, brain functional linkage atlas, interaction of multiple circles on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its resource and environmental effects, basic research on the application of superconducting electronic devices, the cause and control of atmospheric haze, research and tackling of cutting-edge scientific and technological problems in the sea bucket abyss, topology and regulation of new superconducting states, structure function and regulation of biological supermolecular complexesThe origin of the universe structure - from the fine description of the Milky Way to the statistical description of the deep field universe, the basic theory and key technology of shale gas exploration and development, and the National Center for Mathematics and Cross Science[76]
Major national science and technology projects:Core electronic devices&special projects for high-end general-purpose chips and basic software products, special projects for large-scale integrated circuit manufacturing equipment and complete processes, special projects for new generation broadband wireless mobile communication networks, special projects for high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment, special projects for large-scale oil and gas fields and coalbed methane development, special projects for water pollution control and treatment, special projects for breeding new varieties of genetically modified organismsMajor new drug development projects, major infectious disease prevention and treatment projects such as AIDS and viral hepatitis, large aircraft projects, high-resolution earth observation system projects, manned space projects, moon exploration projects, Beidou satellite navigation systems[77]
Science and technology award
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences won 19 national top science and technology awards;390 National Natural Science Awards, including 19 first prizes, 202 second prizes, 133 third prizes and 36 fourth prizes;182 national technological invention awards, including 4 first prizes, 51 second prizes, 95 third prizes and 32 fourth prizes;There are 537 National Science and Technology Progress Awards, including 3 Grand Prizes, 35 First Prizes, 265 Second Prizes and 234 Third Prizes.[78]
Resource conditions
Documentation Center
The Documentation and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences mainly provides documentary information support, strategic information research services, public information service platform support, and scientific exchange and dissemination services for scientific and technological independent innovation in natural science, interdisciplinary science, and high-tech fields,At the same time, it provides information services for scientific research institutions in other fields of the national innovation system through the national scientific and technological literature platform and joint construction and sharing.
As of August 2009, the Documentation and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has collected more than 11.45 million books (pieces). The Center has launched the construction project of the National Science Digital Library, has gradually completed the transformation from a traditional library to a digital library, and has embarked on the development path of the Knowledge Information Research and Knowledge Service Center;At the same time, the Documentation and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is a member of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).[79]
Scientific database
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has 23 scientific databases, including 8 biological and life sciences, 2 materials sciences, 8 geosciences, 3 physics and chemistry, 1 energy and environment, and 1 other category.
Biology and Life Sciences:Freshwater algae species database, China animal database, China plant atlas database, China tropical and subtropical botany basic database, China southwest resource plant database, China southwest animal resource database, China microbial resource database, and virus resource database[80]
Materials Science:Nanotechnology basic database, optical system database[80]
Earth science:Subtropical agroecosystem element database, China Cold and Dry Area Data Resource Center, Loess Plateau soil and water conservation database, Northeast China black soil agroecosystem database, China soil database, China swamp wetland database website, South China Sea marine science database, and human land system theme database[80]
Physics and Chemistry:Physical and chemical properties and analysis database, engineering chemistry database, chemical specialty database[80]
Energy and Environment:Professional database of new energy and environmental protection[80]
Other classes:Data application environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences[80]
Academic journal&electronic journal
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, the Chinese Academy of Sciences published 126 journals and 6 electronic journals.
E-magazine:Voice of Chinese Academy of Sciences, SciDev. Net, Popular Science Expo, Core World, Gene World, Rainforest Story[81]
Academic journals
Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Geotechnical mechanics
Journal of Metals
Journal of Fuel Chemistry
Chinese science
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
Corrosion Science and Protection Technology
New carbon materials
Scientific Bulletin
Geochemistry
Journal of Materials Research
Journal of Remote Sensing
Acta Botanica (English)
Journal of Mountain Areas
Marine Science
Computer and Applied Chemistry
Journal of Sedimentation
Acta Photonica
Oceans and lakes
Journal of Process Engineering
Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
Plateau meteorology
marine science
Acoustic technology
Journal of Mathematics
Chinese desert
analytical chemistry
Journal of Earth Information Science
Systems Science and Mathematics
Lake science
Chemical communication
Chinese Journal of Image Graphics
Journal of Applied Mathematics
Salt lake research
Applied chemistry
Journal of Anthropology
System Engineering Theory and Practice
Glacial permafrost
Optical precision engineering
Vertebrata PalAsiatica
Journal of Physics
Journal of Mathematical Physics
China Optics
Atmospheric science
chinese physics letters
Historical Materials of Science and Technology in China
Progress in Astronomy
Geotectonics and metallogeny
Nuclear Physics Review
Research on Agricultural Modernization
Annual Journal of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Geoscience
Chinese Physics C
New Electric
Chinese Chemistry
Quaternary research
Journal of Acoustics
Microbiological Bulletin
Organic chemistry
Progress in geophysics
Interventional Imaging and Therapeutics in China
Journal of Mycology
Journal of Chemistry
Journal of Geophysics
Zoological research
Journal of Biological Engineering
Home medication
Journal of Plant Ecology
Applied acoustics
bio-diversity
Journal of Functional Materials and Devices
Journal of Plant Classification
Network new media technology
Climate and Environmental Studies
Journal of Astronomy
Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Plants
Chinese Medical Imaging Technology
Journal of Rock
soil
Acta Botanica Sinica
Modern Physics Knowledge
Journal of Engineering Geology
Journal of Soil Science
Life World
Journal of Mechanics
Principle and design of astronomical telescope
Journal of Spectroscopy
Journal of Insects
Chemical bulletin
Magnetics and Magnetic Applications
Geotechnical foundation
Journal of Applied Insects
Journal of Polymer Science
Resource science
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Journal of Zoology
Chinese Management Science
Journal of Semiconductor
Journal of Computer Aided Design and Graphics
Journal of Animal Classification
Scientific research management
Journal of Electronics and Information
Journal of Computer Science
Advances in Psychological Science
chromatographic
New technology of electrical energy
Computer Research and Development
Journal of Psychology
Journal of Catalysis
Engineering Thermophysics
Journal of Software
Journal of Microbiology
Journal of Ecology
Core heaven and earth
Imaging Science and Photochemistry
Advances in biochemistry and biophysics
Journal of Applied Ecology
Journal of Space Science
Journal of Chinese Information
inheritance
robot
Journal of Chinese Science and Technology History
Computer System Application
Optoelectronic Technology
Information and control
Research on the History of Natural Science[82]
personnel training
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Educational innovation
According to the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016, facing the opportunities and challenges of the knowledge economy era, the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed the idea of building a national innovation system, implemented the knowledge innovation project and "Innovation 2020", took the lead in establishing a postgraduate system, established the University of Science and Technology of China, established the first graduate school in new China, took the lead in implementing the degree system, and took the lead in establishing a postdoctoral system.Since the implementation of the Knowledge Innovation Project and the "Innovation 2020", the high-quality and large-scale development of graduate education has formed an education system with the University of Science and Technology of China and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (the former Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences) as the core and covering all the institutes of the Academy, forming a unique two-stage graduate education model;There are more than 52000 graduate students in school;A complete natural science discipline system has been established, and the overall level of physics, chemistry, material science, mathematics, environment and ecology, earth science and other disciplines has entered the world's advanced ranks.[69]
Cultivation mode
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences&Institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(University of Chinese Academy of Sciences), referred to as "University of Science and Technology of China" for short, is an innovative university characterized by the integration of science and education as the school running mode, postgraduate education as the school running main body, and elite undergraduate education.The University of Science and Technology of China is one of the first 20 universities authorized by the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council to independently review academic degreesPacific Rim University Alliance(APRU) member universities, the vice president unit of the "Double First Class" Construction International Exchange Branch of the China Education Association for International Exchange, and the first batch of universities to join the China Australia first-class university cooperation mechanism.
The predecessor of the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences isGraduate School of the Chinese Academy of SciencesFounded in 1978, it is the first graduate school approved by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and has trained the first doctor of science, the first doctor of engineering, the first female doctor, and the first double degree doctor in New China.In June 2012, the Ministry of Education approved the renaming of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 2014, the University of Science and Technology of China began to enroll undergraduate students, forming a higher education system covering undergraduate, master and doctoral levels.
With the school running philosophy of "science and education integration, education oriented, collaborative innovation, and serving the country", the University of Science and Technology of China is highly integrated with research institutions directly under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (including institutes, academies, Taiwan, centers, etc., hereinafter referred to as "training units") in management system, teaching staff, training system, scientific research and other aspects.As of December 2019, the school has a total of four campuses in Beijing (Yuquan Road, Zhongguancun, Olympic Village, Yanqi Lake), five education bases outside Beijing (Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Lanzhou) and 116 training units nationwide.In recent years, the University of Science and Technology has continued to deepen the reform of the system and mechanism of science and education integration and organizational construction, and has worked with various training units to "jointly build, govern, share and win".As of December 2019, the school has 58 teaching and research units directly under it, including 40 in Beijing and 18 outside Beijing;There are also 19 affiliated hospitals.[83]
University of Science and Technology of China
University of Science and Technology of China
University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China), referred to as the "University of Science and Technology of China", is a comprehensive national key university affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which focuses on cutting-edge science and high-tech, and combines medicine, characteristic management and humanities.Founded in Beijing in September 1958, Guo Moruo served as the first president.Her establishment is known as "a major event in the history of education and science in China".After the establishment of the school, the Chinese Academy of Sciences implemented the school running policy of "running the whole school and combining departments". The school set up departments and disciplines closely around the emerging scientific and technological fields urgently needed by the country, creatively combined science and engineering, namely, cutting-edge science and high-tech, focused on basic course teaching, and cultivated cutting-edge scientific and technological talents from a high starting point and a wide range of disciplines,A group of the most prestigious scientists in China, including Yan Keats, Hua Luogeng, Qian Xuesen, Zhao Zhongyao, Guo Yonghuai, Zhao Jiuzhang and Bei Shizhang, were listed as national key universities in the second year of its establishment.At the beginning of 1970, the school moved to Hefei, Anhui Province, and started its second venture.After 1978, the school took the lead in putting forward and implementing a series of educational reform measures with innovative spirit and forward-looking consciousness in the country, establishing a youth class, establishing the first graduate school in the country with the approval of the State Council, and building the countryBig science project, open to the world and so on, which enabled the school to recover and develop rapidly.The university is one of the first batch of universities to implement the "985 Project" and "211 Project", and the only university to participate in the national knowledge innovation project.In the national "double first-class" construction, it was selected as Class ABuilding world-class universities。[84]
Shanghai University of Science and Technology
Shanghai University of Science and Technology
Shanghai University of Science and Technology(Shanghai Tech University), referred to as "Shanghai University of Science and Technology" for short, is a full-time ordinary university jointly organized and built by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and managed by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. It was officially established with the approval of the Ministry of Education on September 30, 2013.The university is committed to serving the national economic and social development strategy, cultivating scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship talents, providing scientific and technological solutions and playing the role of a think tank, actively participating in the reform of higher education, participating in the construction of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Center, and striving to build a small-scale, high-level, international research and innovation university.The school is located in Shanghai Pudong New Area Zhangjiang High tech Park Central Area, which is under constructionZhangjiang Comprehensive National Science CenterAn important part of.The university fully promotes the integration of science and technology and education, participates in national scientific research projects led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and establishes a joint laboratory with relevant institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out comprehensive scientific research cooperation.[85]
Science popularization
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Science popularization venue
There are 34 popular science venues owned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (shown on the official website of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in January 2016)
Hefei Modern Science and Technology Museum, Hefei Institute of Material Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Herbarium of Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wuhan Botanical Garden Herbarium, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangxi Herbarium, Guangxi Guilin Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Chinese Ancient Animal Museum
Qinghai Tibet Plateau Biological Herbarium, Northwest Plateau Biology Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Museum of Tropical Rainforest Ethnic Culture, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS Nanjing Museum of Palaeontology
Herbarium of South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Animal Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Virus Herbarium, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Freshwater Fish Museum, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Mycological Herbarium of Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Academy of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Insect Museum
Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Biological Herbarium of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Kunming Animal Museum, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
South China Sea Marine Biological Herbarium, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dinghushan Arboretum, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Soil Herbarium of Nanjing Institute of Soil Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Arboretum of Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese Wetland Herbarium, Institute of Northeast Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Botanical Garden of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Botanical Garden of Guangxi Guilin Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Botanical Garden of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
South China Botanical Garden
National Astronomical Observatory
National Animal Museum
Source:[86]
Popular Science Expo
Founded in 1999, China Popular Science Expo is one of the first large-scale comprehensive popular science websites launched in China and the first website in China to disseminate scientific knowledge through virtual museums.As of December 2010, China Science Popularization Expo has accumulated more than 100 million visitors, and has successively won the awards of China's excellent cultural website, The World Summit Award, and the national outstanding science popularization website, and published the Series of China Science Popularization Expo.
The China Science Popularization Expo presents scientific content through hundreds of scientists' video lectures, video clips, science games, science animations, as well as virtual science experience and virtual science practice;Through the scientist column system and the scientific SNS community, it provides an environment for the public and scientists to communicate with each other.[87]
Lu Yongxiang, Shi Changxu and Wang Shouguan wrote an inscription for the China Science Popularization Expo
Innovative culture
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Image logo
Hospital emblem
1、 Pattern
Emblem of the Chinese Academy of SciencesThe outer ring is inscribed with "Chinese Academy of Sciences", with the first president Guo Moruo's handwriting on the top and English on the bottom.
Inside the ring is a material structure pattern composed of six crystals, which symbolizes the basic role of the integration and combination of six disciplines of mathematics, physics, chemistry, astronomy, geosciences and biology;A gear is naturally formed in the middle, which symbolizes the promotion of basic science and derived technological science.
2、 Color
The outer ring, the six crystals in the ring and the dot in the middle are peacock blue;The Chinese and foreign characters of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the parts outside the crystal in the ring are white.
3、 Meaning
The whole design is solemn and generous.It symbolizes that the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the national natural science and high-tech research and development center, faces the national strategic needs, faces the world scientific frontier, strengthens the original scientific innovation, strengthens the innovation and integration of key technologies, climbs the world scientific peak, and constantly makes fundamental, strategicForward looking major innovative contributions.[100]
Hospital emblem
Hospital flag
1、 Pattern
The flag of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is a horizontal combination of the white logo, the first president Guo Moruo's handwriting and the English word "Chinese Academy of Sciences".
2、 Color
The flag of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is blue, and its emblem and Chinese and English words are white.
3、 Meaning
It symbolizes that the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the national natural science and high-tech research and development center, faces the national strategic needs, faces the world's scientific frontier, strengthens the original scientific innovation, strengthens the innovation and integration of key technologies, climbs the world's scientific peak, and constantly makes fundamental, strategicForward looking major innovative contributions.[101]
Hospital flag
Cultural spirit
atmosphere of an institute
Realistic, realistic, cooperative and innovative[69]
fine tradition
Scientific, democratic, patriotic and dedicated[69]
Policy of running the institute
As a national scientific research institution, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has put forward five guidelines for running the academy in different periods of history:
First, according to the cultural and educational policies stipulated in the common program of the People's Political Consultative Conference, we should reform the past scientific research institutions with a view to cultivating talents for scientific construction, so that scientific research can truly serve the country's industrial, agricultural, health care and national defense undertakings.(1950)
Second: focus on foundation and improvement to serve the national economy and national defense construction.(1978)
Third: Vigorously strengthen applied research, actively and selectively participate in development work, and continue to attach importance to basic research.(1984)
Fourth: Mobilize and organize major forces to the main battlefield of national economic construction, while maintaining a lean force engaged in basic research and high-tech tracking.(1987)
Fifth: Facing the national strategic needs, facing the world's scientific frontier, strengthening original scientific innovation, strengthening the innovation and integration of key technologies, climbing the world's science and technology peak, and constantly making fundamental, strategic and forward-looking major innovation contributions to China's economic construction, national security and social sustainable development.(2002)
Sixth: Facing the world's scientific and technological frontier, facing the country's major needs, facing the main battlefield of the national economy, take the lead in realizing the leap forward development of science and technology, taking the lead in building a national highland of innovative talents, taking the lead in building a national high-level scientific and technological think tank, and taking the lead in building an international first-class scientific research institution.(2015)[88]
leading group
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Current leaders
post
full name
Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and President
Yang Zhenning and Yao Qizhi, academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences who have renounced their foreign nationality.[70]
Honors won
In March 2022, the Mental Health Education Center of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences won the collective title of "March 8th Red Flag" of Chinese Academy of Sciences.[96]
