Qiu Heduo (1880-1942) was a Guangdong music performer, composer, educator and one of the founders of Guangdong music.Be good at dulcimer, erhuan, suona, gaohu, etc[1]。
Qiu Heduo was born in Natai Township, Xinning County, Guangdong Province;In 1894, he traveled to Southeast Asia to make a living;In 1899, he settled in Hong Kong and founded a private school to teach folk music in Guangdong;In 1916, Qiu Heduo took the lead in editing and publishing the Guangdong music reference book "String Songs Must Read", and then successively edited and printed "New Edition of Qin Studies", "New Sound of National Music", and "Essence of Qin Score", which was considered as "the enlightenment and developer of Guangdong music"[2], recognized as one of the founders of Guangdong music[3]。In 1934, the couple made a special trip to New York and other places to perform[1]。
Chinese name
Qiuhe couple
Alias
Aling
date of birth
1880
Date of death
1942
Occupation
Musician, composer, educator
Key achievements
Compiled and published the earliest introductory textbook of Guangdong music, "String Song Must Read" and its supplement
one's native heath
Natai Township, Xinning County, Guangdong Province (Natai Administrative Area, Duanfen Town, Taishan City today)
Representative works
Entertainment、Lion Rolling Ball、Double dragons playing with pearls、Slow voice、Meet and enjoy
In 1880, Qiu and his wife were born in Nalu Village, Natai Township, Taishan County. Their nickname was Ah Ying. People in the village called him "Liang Ziying".At that time, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, feudal superstition was prevalent, and there were many kinds of local fast offerings, which became the first enlightenment for Qiu and his wife to learn music later.The couple loved music since childhood. Because of their talent and good memory, when they were just a few years old, "Nanwu" (monk), "Shigu" (nun.After a little while, I can begin to accompany the "Nanwu" and "Shigu" festival[1]。
In 1889, Nalu Village hired a "Eight Tones" teacher Hu Degao from Lejia Village, Guangdian Township nearby to organize the "Eight Tones Class" (gongs and drums cabinet).From then on, he often went to the ancestral temple in the village to listen to the "Eight Tones".Soon, Qiu Heduo was accepted as an apprentice by Hu Degao and taught his musical instruments.At the age of 13, Qiu Heduo was absorbed by the eight tone class and became the youngest suona player.During this period, he also studied the dulcimer and other musical instruments hard, and practiced the systematic dulcimer left bamboo playing method.In a few years, under Hu Degao's help, Qiu Heduo learned all kinds of musical instruments, Qupai and folk music theories, and became a remarkable young suona player in folk bands at that time[1]。
In 1894, the 15-year-old couple Qiu Heduo traveled to Nanyang to make a living. At about the age of 20, they returned to Hong Kong to settle down. At first, they worked as staff in a private telephone company. Later, they ran a small shop selling stationery and musical instruments. In addition to business, they also took apprenticeship and started a private music school, which gradually became the main occupation for living.In the teaching process, he used the graphic method to introduce the performance, performance introduction, fingering, etc. of various musical instruments, and paid attention to the comparison between Chinese (Gongchi) and Western (Simplified) music scores. This teaching method was welcomed by students.While engaged in folk music teaching in Guangdong, Qiu Hecouple also went deep into the folk, visiting and collecting the ancient tunes, folk music and Cantonese opera popular in Guangdong around the 1920s, and the "interlude", "score", "minor", "major", and "minor" of Cantonese opera, and later edited and published the "Must Read String Songs", "Essence of Qin Studies", "New Sound of National Music", and "New Edition of Qin Studies"There are many books and periodicals.After the release of these music collections, they were sold to the United States, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions, and actively promoted the spread of Cantonese music and Cantonese music.In addition to teaching and research, Qiu and his wife also devoted themselves to the creation of Guangdong music[1]。
In 1930, the couple andLv Wencheng, Yang Lizhen and others performed at Taiping Theater in Taicheng.Later, the couple Qiu and his entourage also went to Duanfen Datong Theater to perform[1]。
In 1932, due to the death of his father, Qiu and his wife returned to their hometown for funeral and stayed in the village for a long time.During this period, because the villagers could not excuse their hard demands for performances, they went to New Life Tea House and Duanfen Qianjihou Primary School in their hometown of Datong（Xiannatai School）They performed music programs for more than an hour.He also played "Birds in the Forest" and other songs with violin and Gaohu respectively.He skillfully used the euphemistic echo and the fast roundabout glint up and down to imitate the cries of various birds, which was lifelike and beautiful[1]。
In 1934, the couple made a special trip to New York and other places to perform.In the performance, he played the dulcimer, suona, sanxian and other musical instruments[1]。
In 1941, during the Japanese invasion of China, due to the turmoil of the current situation, life was hard, and Aiko was killed by a Japanese aircraft, which hit Qiu and his wife deeply. Their hearing became increasingly weak, and they became depressed. They died in Hong Kong in 1942 at the age of 62.
Key achievements
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Since the 1920s, Qiu Heduo has compiled and published books such as "Must Read for String Songs", "New Edition of Qin Studies", and put forward "Ten degrees of bamboo technique", which is the first theory to study the characteristics of performance techniques of Guangdong music dulcimer. He also created and edited music such as "Entertainment and Peace", "Lion Rolling the Ball" and so on.[4]
Main works
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S/N
category
works
remarks
one
Guangdong folk music
Entertainment
Peng Xiuwen, a master of Chinese traditional music, adapted it into a national orchestral ensemble.
two
Guangdong folk music
The Lion Rolling the Ball
Ma Sicong adapted it into a piano solo in 1950.
three
Guangdong folk music
Double Dragons Playing with the Pearl
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four
Guangdong folk music
Slow Voice
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five
Guangdong folk music
Happy Meeting
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six
Album
String Song Must Read and Supplement
The earliest introductory textbook of Guangdong music.
seven
Album
The Essence of Qin Studies (First and Second Editions)
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eight
Album
New Voice of National Music
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nine
Album
New Edition of Qin Studies
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Note: References are from[1][3]
External evaluation
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Qiu Heduo was the first to find out a complete set of bamboo techniques for dulcimer performance, which was published in his works and spread, laying the foundation for the formation of the art of dulcimer performance in Guangdong.Industry experts believe that the Guangdong music works of Mr. and Mrs. Qiu can not only maintain the characteristics of traditional Cantonese music, but also draw on the composition techniques of western music to make a breakthrough in the style of Guangdong music, enrich the expressiveness of the music, and make the audience more fond of singing. Among them, "Entertainment and Peace", "The Lion Rolling the Ball", etc. will soon be in the provinces, Hong Kong, MacaoIt is popular in Southeast Asia, the United States and other places where Chinese and overseas Chinese live, and has become a well-known classic in Guangdong music[1]。
Qiu He and his wife have been engaged in the research, compilation and education of Guangdong folk music with dedication and indefatigability for a long time, and together with He Liutang, Lv Wencheng, Yi Jianquan and a group of well-known composers and performers in the music world, they have brought Guangdong music into the palace of elegant music.Professor Feng Guangyu, a senior music critic, believes that "Yan Laolie, Qiu Heduo and He Bozhong are recognized as the initiators of Guangdong music!"[1]（The evaluation content is sorted out according to Nandu. com）
