Tricuspid Valve

The upper part of the heart

Right atrium Ventricular orifice 3 fiber scaffold rings composed of dense connective tissue triangle Valve, called tricuspid valve or Right atrioventricular valve 。 The tricuspid valve acts as a "one-way valve" to ensure blood circulation from right atrium Definite direction right ventricle Direction flow and through a certain flow.

Chinese name: Tricuspid Valve
Foreign name: tricuspid valve

Introduction: Like a "one-way valve",
Location: Right atrioventricular orifice
right atrium: Thin wall

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Heart Introduction

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Tricuspid Valve

The right atrial wall of the heart is thin. According to the direction of blood flow, the right atrium has three inlets and one outlet. On the entrance Orifice of inferior vena cava and coronary sinus Mouth. The ostium of coronary sinus is Cardiac wall veinal blood The main entrance to the center. The outlet is the right atrioventricular orifice through which the right atrium leads to the right ventricle. Room partition The oval concave scale at the lower back Oval fossa , for Embryonic stage Connecting left and right atrium Foramen ovale Remains after locking. The upper part of the right atrium protruding to the left is called the right atrial appendage. There are two entrances and exits to the right ventricle. The entrance is the right atrioventricular opening. There are three vane valves around it, called Right atrioventricular valve (i.e. tricuspid valve). The anterior valve Posterior valve , septal valve. The valve is vertical to the chamber, and many linear Chordae tendineae And ventricular wall Papillary muscle to be connected. Export scale pulmonary artery There are three half moon shaped valves around the mouth, called Pulmonary valve 。

effect

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The tricuspid valve acts as a "one-way valve" to ensure blood circulation It flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle and passes through a certain flow. Heart to the right Ventricular systole When the valve is pressed, the blood in the chamber will impact the valve. The tricuspid valve is closed and blood does not flow into the right atrium. There are pulmonary artery The blood from the right ventricle enters the pulmonary artery. There are three half moon shaped valves on the edge of the pulmonary artery mouth Pulmonary valve ( Semilunar valve ）When the heart ventricle relaxes, the pulmonary valve closes and blood does not flow back into the right ventricle.

pathological changes

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atresia

Tricuspid atresia

Tricuspid atresia Tricuspid atresia is a Cyanotic congenital heart disease , the incidence is about Congenital heart disease 1~5%. Relay in cyanotic congenital heart disease Tetralogy of Fallot and Transposition of great arteries It ranks third. The main pathological changes were tricuspid atresia or tricuspid orifice loss, Patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect 。

Incomplete closing

Tricuspid insufficiency

Tricuspid insufficiency （tricuspid insufficiency ）It is rarely involved in the valve leaf itself, but mostly caused by Pulmonary hypertension And tricuspid valve dilation. Because of congenital or acquired factors, tricuspid valve disease or tricuspid annulus dilatation results in tricuspid valve Systole The tricuspid valve is not fully closed. The disease has functional and organic Two, the former is mostly secondary to right ventricle The incidence of dilated lesions is quite high, such as Primary pulmonary hypertension 、 mitral valve Lesions Pulmonary valve Or narrow funnel right ventricle myocardial infarction Etc. The latter can be congenital abnormalities such as Ebstein malformation and Common atrioventricular pathway , or acquired diseases such as rheumatic inflammation coronary artery Tricuspid valve caused by lesion Papillary muscle insufficiency , trauma and Infective endocarditis Etc. The disease prognosis Nature and heart failure Depending on the severity of, Primary pulmonary hypertension and Chronic pulmonary heart disease The prognosis of patients with mitral valve disease or atrial septal defect is worse than that of patients with mitral valve disease or atrial septal defect. Medical treatment can alleviate symptoms, surgical operation Curable.

Downward deformity

Tricuspid valve depression

Tricuspid valve depression It is a rare congenital heart malformation. In 1866, Ebstein first reported a case, so it is also called Ebstein malformation. Its incidence is Congenital heart disease 0.5~1%. Descending of tricuspid valve Tricuspid valve malformation , the position of posterior valve and septal valve is lower than normal, not Atrium The ring moves horizontally downward to the right ventricular wall near the apex. Its anterior valve position is normal, resulting in a larger right atrium and a smaller right ventricle Tricuspid insufficiency 。 Such malformations are often combined Foramen ovale Open or atrial septal defect and Pulmonary artery stenosis 。 Due to the high blood volume and pressure in the right atrium, part of the blood in the right atrium flows through the atrial septal defect or foramen ovale left atrium , some of them still enter the right ventricle through tricuspid valve, due to pulmonary artery stenosis Pulmonary circulation The blood volume of the artery returning to the left atrium is also less, and then it is diverted from the right atrium veinal blood Mixed, via mitral valve Enter Left ventricle And systemic circulation. See Tricuspid valve depression 。

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