"Attention must be paid to scraping the surface, identify the vestige phenomenon, and record all kinds of samples collected..." At the excavation site of Jiaojia Site, Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, students from the School of Archaeology, Shandong University carefully scraped the soil layer according to the teacher's instructions.

In 1972, Shandong University established the Archaeology Major, which is one of the earliest universities in China to establish the Archaeology Major. Dinggong Site, Daxinzhuang Site, Jiaojia Site... nearly a hundred sites, bearing the insistence of generations of ancient people on the mountain expedition. In recent years, the archaeology discipline of Shandong University has integrated classroom, field, laboratory, museum and other scenes to explore a new path of education and scientific research.

Promote interdisciplinary integration

The electric aerial vehicle with a load of 10 tons, the hydraulic lift with a load of 20 tons, the stereomicroscope, the 3D printer... In the Scientific and Technological Archaeological Laboratory of Shandong University, there are quite a lot of "new" equipment, attracting attention.

In recent years, the archaeological specialty of Shandong University has focused on interdisciplinary integration, not only focusing on the development of the specialty itself, but also introducing the theories and methods of other disciplines to provide a new perspective for archaeological research.

"There are many types of ancient relics. Analyzing the composition and remains of archaeological relics requires chemical knowledge; protecting cultural heritage, virtual modeling and virtual display require modern information technology," said Tang Zhongming, vice president of the School of Archaeology of Shandong University.

Archaeology continues to become refined, which is the current trend. Relying on the national archaeological experimental teaching demonstration center, the Ministry of Education's international cooperation joint laboratory and other platforms, Shandong University has built a complete system of archaeological laboratories, with 20 laboratories in human evolution, plant archaeology, animal archaeology, sedimentology, etc.

In 2023, Shandong University was selected as the key laboratory of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Archaeology, and the key scientific research base of the State Administration of Cultural Relics for Ancient Environment Reconstruction and Biographical Archaeology. Teachers and students use modern equipment, high-tech means and interdisciplinary tools to better restore historical scenes.

Build a national first-class museum

In 2020, Shandong University Museum was selected as a national first-class museum. "At present, there are more than 40000 cultural relics and specimens in the Museum of Shandong University. More than 95% of the exhibits in the General History of Cultural Relics Exhibition are excavated by teachers and students of the Archaeology Institute in teaching practice." Yang Haiyan, deputy curator of the Museum of Shandong University, introduced.

Why can a college's professional achievements support a national first-class museum?

This is inseparable from a solid field archaeological tradition. In the 1930s, a group of teachers and students opened the first archaeological excavation at Anshang Site in Tengzhou. After the establishment of the archaeological specialty, Shandong University has made field archaeology the top priority of the discipline development, and has established archaeological practice bases in Zouping, Rizhao, Qingdao and other places in Shandong.

"We want to reveal the genes of Chinese civilization in a multi-dimensional way through field archaeological excavation and research." Wang Fen, dean of the School of Archaeology and curator of the Museum of Shandong University, said that the school has nearly 100 field archaeological excavation projects, eight of which were rated as the annual top ten new archaeological discoveries in China, and many of which won field archaeological quality awards.

Each site contains profound historical significance. The Jiaojia Site excavated under the auspices of the School of Archaeology of Shandong University provides important evidence of the origin of Chinese civilization from the perspectives of city construction and the origin of ritual system.

Participate in international archaeological exchanges and cooperation

The development of archaeology requires both "bringing in" and "going out". In recent years, Shandong University has sent a team to Kenya for the excavation of human origin and to France for archaeological excavation.

In the afternoon of May 30, 2023, the joint archaeological team of Shandong University and the University of Bordeaux in France found a fossil of ancient human distal phalanx at the cave site of Tourtovarak, Dordogne province, southern France.

The Sino French joint archaeological excavation and research project was promoted by the Cultural Heritage Research Institute of Shandong University. In the middle of May 2023, Li Zhanyang, professor of the Institute of Cultural Heritage of Shandong University, together with his team members, joined the archaeological team of the University of Bordeaux in France to carry out archaeological excavation of the cave site. So far, more than 20000 human fossils, stone tools, animal fossils and artworks have been unearthed.

"Shandong University will carry forward the characteristic advantage of" being good at literature and history ", continue to implement the project of exploring the origin of Chinese civilization and the major project of" Archaeological China ", take the new archeology as a three-dimensional display of China's more than 5000 years of civilization history, and continue to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of China's excellent traditional culture with the new atmosphere of literature, history and philosophy, in order to build China's independent knowledge system and inherit China's excellent heritage Unification culture contributes to the strength. " Said Ren Youqun, secretary of the Party Committee of Shandong University.

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